Lactate release from cultured astrocytes and neurons: A comparison
Abstract
Lactate released into the surrounding salt solution as well as the cellular lactate content were measured in cerebral primary cultures of mouse astrocytes and of mouse neurons. Any newly produced lactate was immediately released as lactic acid into the extracellular compartment via a lactate/proton cotransport. The astrocytic release was about 2,000 nmol x mg-1 x hr-1; the neuronal release was about 300 nmol x mg-1 x hr-1. However, if election transport was blocked with dinitrophenol, the neuronal lactate release was as high as the astrocytic one under normal conditions. High glucose (30 mM) and K+ (60 mM) increased lactate release of astrocytes but not of neurons. In contrast it was found that insulin (1 microM) exposure mainly stimulated neuronal lactate release rather than glial release. Adenosine stimulated both neuronal and glial release. Neither intracellular lactate content nor concentration changed significantly in either cell type under any conditions tested. The pathophysiological implications of these measurements are discussed.
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The astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle hypothesis proposes that astrocytes synthesize and subsequently expel lactate so that neurons can use it as an energy source.
“This phenomenon forms the foundation of the astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle hypothesis (Walz and Mukerji, 1988), which proposes that astrocytes synthesize and subsequently expel lactate so that neurons can use it as an energy source.”
From An RNA-Sequencing Transcriptome and Splicing Database of Glia, Neurons, and Vascular Cells of the Cerebral Cortex (2014) · cites this paper as Walz and Mukerji, 1988
Under physiologic conditions, the majority of glucose entering the glycolytic pathway in astrocytes is metabolized to lactate rather than oxidized in the mitochondria.
“Under physiologic conditions, the majority of glucose entering the glycolytic pathway in astrocytes is metabolized to lactate rather than oxidized in the mitochondria.”
From An RNA-Sequencing Transcriptome and Splicing Database of Glia, Neurons, and Vascular Cells of the Cerebral Cortex (2014) · cites this paper as Walz and Mukerji, 1988
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“This phenomenon forms the foundation of the astrocyte–neuron lactate shuttle hypothesis (Walz and Mukerji, 1988), which proposes that astrocytes synthesize and subsequently expel lactate so that neurons can use it as an energy source.”
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- Authors
- Walz, W., & Mukerji, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Saskatchewan (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Walz, Wolfgang
- ORCID
- Walz, Wolfgang
- Venue
- Glia
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1988-01
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 366-370
- ISSN
- 0894-1491 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-1136
- OpenAlex
- W2067055660
- Cited by
- 266
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 2.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Glia (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Health Research Board
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
- Keywords
- lactate release, astrocytes, neurons, dinitrophenol, insulin, adenosine, glucose, potassium
- MeSH terms
- Adenosine, Animals, Astrocytes, Biological Transport, Active, Cells, Cultured, Intracellular Fluid, Inulin, Lactates, Neurons, Lactic Acid
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