The effects of memory, attention, and executive dysfunction on outcomes of depression in a primary care intervention trial: the PROSPECT study
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To describe the influence of domains of cognition on remission and response of depression in an intervention trial among older primary care patients. METHODS: Twenty primary care practices were randomly assigned to Usual Care or to an Intervention consisting of a depression care manager offering algorithm-based care for depression. In all, 599 adults 60 years and older with a depression diagnosis were included in these analyses. Depression severity and remission of depression were assessed by the 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was our global measure of cognitive function. Verbal memory was assessed with the memory subscale of the Dementia Rating Scale. Attention was measured with the digit span from the Weschler Adult Intelligence Test. Response inhibition, one of the executive functions, was assessed with the Stroop Color-Word test. RESULTS: The intervention was associated with improved remission and response rates regardless of cognitive impairment. Response inhibition as measured by the Stroop Color-Word test appeared to significantly modify the intervention versus usual care difference in remission and response at 4 months. Patients in the poorest performance quartile at baseline on the Stroop Color-Word test in the Intervention Condition were more likely to achieve remission of depression at 4 months than comparable patients in Usual Care [odds ratio (OR) = 17.76, 95% Confidence Interval (CI), 3.06, 103.1]. CONCLUSIONS: Depressed older adults in primary care with executive dysfunction have low remission and response rates when receiving usual care but benefit from depression care management.
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Response inhibition predicts 8-week and 4-month treatment response.
“One study found response inhibition to predict 8-week treatment (22–23) and 4-month treatment response (24)”
From Neurocognitive Correlates of Response to Treatment in Late-Life Depression (2008) · cites this paper as [24]
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- Authors
- Bogner, H. R., Bruce, M. L., Reynolds, C. F., Mulsant, B. H., Cary, M. S., Morales, K., & Alexopoulos, G. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Cornell University (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Bogner, Hillary R.
- ORCID
- Venue
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2007-02-14
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 922-929
- ISSN
- 0885-6230 (ISSN-L)
- 1099-1166
- PMC
- PMC2810955
- OpenAlex
- W1982753383
- Cited by
- 48
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 4.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH59381, P30MH068638, P30MH052247, P30-MH 71944, K23MH067671, R01MH59366, MH67671-01, P30 MH52129, P30MH052129, R01MH059380, R01MH059366, P30 MH68638, R01MH059381, P30MH071944, R01 MH 59380, P30-MH52247)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Keywords
- geriatric depression, executive dysfunction, response inhibition, cognitive impairment, depression remission, depression care management, primary care, Stroop task, verbal memory, attention
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Attention, Cognition Disorders, Depression, Female, Humans, Male, Memory, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Patient Care Management, Primary Health Care, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychotherapy, Remission Induction, Time Factors, Odds Ratio, Treatment Outcome
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