Perinatal iron deficiency results in altered developmental expression of genes mediating energy metabolism and neuronal morphogenesis in hippocampus
Abstract
The human and rat hippocampus is highly susceptible to iron deficiency (ID) during the late fetal, early neonatal time period which is a peak time of regulated brain iron uptake and utilization. ID during this period alters cognitive development and is characterized by distinctive, long‐term changes in hippocampal cellular growth and function. The fundamental processes underlying these changes are not entirely understood. In this study, ID‐induced changes in expression of 25 genes implicated in iron metabolism, including cell growth and energy metabolism, dendrite morphogenesis, and synaptic connectivity were assessed from postnatal day (P) 7 to P65 in hippocampus. All 25 genes showed altered expression during the period of ID (P7, 15, and 30); 10 had changes on P65 after iron repletion. ID caused long‐term diminished protein levels of four factors critical for hippocampal neuron differentiation and plasticity, including CamKIIα, Fkbp1a (Fkbp12), Dlgh4 (PSD‐95), and Vamp1 (Synaptobrevin‐1). ID altered gene expression in the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway and in a gene network implicated in Alzheimer disease etiology. ID during late fetal and early postnatal life alters the levels and timing of expression of critical genes involved in hippocampal development and function. The study provides targets for future studies in elucidating molecular mechanisms underpinning iron's role in cognitive development and function. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
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In adulthood, long after iron repletion, long-term effects are observed in hippocampal structure and function, monoamine metabolism, and myelination.
“Long-term effects are observed in adulthood, long after iron repletion, in hippocampal structure and function, monoamine metabolism, and myelination (55 -60), indicating that early developmental periods are critical and that prevention of iron de fi ciency might be key for protecting against adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes.”
From Maternal Intake of Supplemental Iron and Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder (2014) · cites this paper as [57]
Prenatal inflammation can cause a cytokine-mediated reduction of circulating nonheme iron, or hypoferremia, which can disrupt fetal brain development and lead to persistent structural and functional brain defects.
“Prenatal in fl ammation can produce a cytokine-mediated reduction of circulating nonheme iron, or hypoferremia (48), that can disrupt fetal brain development and lead to persistent structural and functional brain defects (55 -60).”
From Maternal Intake of Supplemental Iron and Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder (2014) · cites this paper as [57]
Prevention of iron deficiency might be key for protecting against adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes, and early developmental periods are critical.
“Long-term effects are observed in adulthood, long after iron repletion, in hippocampal structure and function, monoamine metabolism, and myelination (55 -60), indicating that early developmental periods are critical and that prevention of iron de fi ciency might be key for protecting against adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes.”
From Maternal Intake of Supplemental Iron and Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder (2014) · cites this paper as [57]
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- Authors
- Carlson, E. S., Stead, J. D. H., Neal, C. R., Petryk, A., & Georgieff, M. K.
- Affiliations
- University of Minnesota (US)
- Carleton University (CA)
- University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa (US)
- Corresponding author
- Georgieff, Michael K.
- Venue
- Hippocampus
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2007-06
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 679-691
- ISSN
- 1050-9631 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-1063
- OpenAlex
- W2047845605
- Cited by
- 141
- References
- 76
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 5.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Hippocampus (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (F31NS047876, 1F31-NS047876)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01 HD29421, R01HD029421)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Iron Metabolism and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Trace Elements in Health
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological diseases and metabolism
- Keywords
- gene expression, energy metabolism, neuronal morphogenesis, dendrite formation, synaptic connectivity, iron metabolism, iron repletion, CaMKIIα, FKBP12, PSD-95, mTOR signaling, cognitive development, postnatal development
- MeSH terms
- Iron Deficiencies, Animals, Animals, Newborn, Disease Models, Animal, Energy Metabolism, Female, Hippocampus, Iron, Male, Neurons, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Iron Metabolism Disorders, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Gene Expression Profiling, Cell Size, Rats
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