The hippocampus is necessary for the consolidation of a task that does not require the hippocampus for initial learning
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Abstract
During sleep, the hippocampus plays an active role in consolidating memories that depend on it for initial encoding. There are hints in the literature that the hippocampus may have a broader influence, contributing to the consolidation of memories that may not initially require the area. We tested this possibility by evaluating learning and consolidation of the motor sequence task (MST) in hippocampal amnesics and demographically matched control participants. While the groups showed similar initial learning, only controls exhibited evidence of overnight consolidation. These results demonstrate that the hippocampus can be required for normal consolidation of a task without being required for its acquisition, suggesting that the area plays a broader role in coordinating memory consolidation than has previously been assumed.
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Sleep-dependent gains in memories originally classified as non-hippocampus dependent can be abolished by suppressing hippocampal function during sleep.
“sleep-dependent gains in memories originally classified as ''non-hippocampus dependent'' can be abolished by suppressing hippocampal function during sleep.”
From Sleep—A brain-state serving systems memory consolidation (2023) · cites this paper as [74]
The Discussion reports that patients with hippocampal damage learned the motor sequence task initially but, unlike controls, did not improve overnight. It also says the 24-hour design cannot establish whether the effect was specifically sleep-dependent. The study did not suppress hippocampal function during sleep; it compared patients with existing damage to controls. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredSpontaneous offline replay activity in hippocampal networks enhancing memory appears to be a unique feature of sleep-dependent consolidation.
“Thus, spontaneous offline replay activity in hippocampal networks enhancing memory indeed appears to be a unique feature of sleep-dependent consolidation 66,74”
From Sleep—A brain-state serving systems memory consolidation (2023) · cites this paper as [74]
The Introduction describes hippocampal replay during sleep and says hippocampal–cortical dialogue is thought to facilitate memory consolidation. The Discussion also proposes that replay during sleep may benefit motor-sequence consolidation. Neither passage establishes that memory-enhancing offline replay is unique to sleep-dependent consolidation. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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Sleep—A brain-state serving systems memory consolidation
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- Authors
- Schapiro, A. C., Reid, A. G., Morgan, A., Manoach, D. S., Verfaellie, M., & Stickgold, R.
- Affiliations
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
- VA Boston Healthcare System (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Boston University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Schapiro, Anna C.
- Venue
- Hippocampus
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2019-06-03
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1091-1100
- ISSN
- 1050-9631 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-1063
- PMC
- PMC6791729
- OpenAlex
- W2948986881
- Cited by
- 94
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 5.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Locations
- Hippocampus (publishedVersion)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (F32‐NS093901, K24‐MH099421, R01‐MH092638, R01‐MH48832, R01‐MH67720)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Keywords
- memory consolidation, hippocampal amnesia, initial learning, sleep-dependent memory, memory encoding
- MeSH terms
- Memory Consolidation, Aged, Female, Hippocampus, Humans, Learning, Male, Middle Aged, Psychomotor Performance, Sleep, Wakefulness
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