Sleep Optimizes Motor Skill in Older Adults
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES: To determine whether sleep benefits motor memory in healthy elderly adults and, if so, whether the observed sleep‐related benefits are comparable with those observed in healthy young adults. DESIGN: Repeated‐measures cross‐over design. SETTING: Boston, Massachusetts (general community) and Harvard University. PARTICIPANTS: Sixteen healthy older and 15 healthy young participants. MEASUREMENTS: Motor sequence task (MST) performance was assessed at training and at the beginning and end of the retest session; polysomnographic sleep studies were recorded for the elderly participants. RESULTS: After 12 hours of daytime wakefulness, elderly participants showed a dramatic decline in MST performance on the first three retest trials, and only a nonsignificant improvement by the end of retest (the last 3 retest trials). In contrast, when the same participants trained in the morning but were retested 24 hours after training, after a day of wake plus a night of sleep, they maintained their performance at the beginning of retest and demonstrated a highly significant 17.4% improvement by the end of the retest session, essentially identical to the 17.3% improvement seen in young participants. These strikingly similar improvements occurred despite the presence of other age‐related differences, including overall slower motor speed, a lag in the appearance of sleep‐dependent improvement, and an absence of correlations between overnight improvement and sleep architecture or sleep spindle density in the elderly participants. CONCLUSION: These findings provide compelling evidence that sleep optimizes motor skill performance across the adult life span.
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The overnight improvements typically observed in young subjects did not occur in these elderly participants.
“However, the overnight improvements typically observed in young subjects did not occur in these elderly participants.”
From About Sleep's Role in Memory (2013) · cites this paper as [1214]
The Results (Age Differences – 24hr Wake + Sleep; page not provided) report that elderly participants showed no significant improvement at the start of retesting, but improved by 17.4% by its end—essentially the same as the young participants’ 17.3%. The claim overlooks this delayed overnight improvement. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredUsing a finger sequence tapping task, one study reported that elderly subjects (60-79 years) maintained their performance across 24 h including sleep, while their performance was impaired after 12 h of wakefulness, suggesting a role for sleep in optimal motor consolidation also in the elderly.
“In contrast, using a finger sequence tapping task, one study reported that elderly subjects (60 -79 years) maintained their performance across 24 h including sleep, while their performance was impaired after 12 h of wakefulness, suggesting a role for sleep in optimal motor consolidation also in the elderly (1214).”
From About Sleep's Role in Memory (2013) · cites this paper as [1214]
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Németh, D., Gerbier, É., Jan Born, A., Rickard, T. C., Albouy, G., Diekelmann, S., Fogel, S. M., Genzel, L., Prehn‐Kristensen, A., Payne, J. D., et al. (2023) · Preprints.org · doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0208.v3
Micca, L., Albouy, G., King, B. R., D’Cruz, N., Nieuwboer, A., Vandenberghe, W., Borzée, P., Buyse, B., Testelmans, D., Nicolas, J., et al. (2025) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.70203
Translating Sleep Research: Does Sleep Promote Learning a Functional Motor Task?
Al-Sharman, A. J. (2013) · KU ScholarWorks (The University of Kansas)
- Authors
- Tucker, M., McKinley, S., & Stickgold, R.
- Affiliations
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
- Venue
- Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2011-03-15
- Volume
- 59
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 603-609
- ISSN
- 0002-8614 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-5415
- PMC
- PMC4564057
- OpenAlex
- W1513102925
- Cited by
- 70
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 3.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Eli Lilly and Company
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH048832)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Keywords
- sleep, motor skills, motor memory, older adults, aging, motor learning, sleep-dependent memory consolidation, sleep spindles, sleep architecture, age differences, motor speed
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aging, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Motor Skills, Sleep, Polysomnography, Cross-Over Studies, Young Adult
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