NREM2 and sleep spindles are instrumental to the consolidation of motor sequence memories
Open accessAbstract
Although numerous studies have convincingly demonstrated that sleep plays a critical role in motor sequence learning (MSL) consolidation, the specific contribution of the different sleep stages in this type of memory consolidation is still contentious. To probe the role of stage 2 non-REM sleep (NREM2) in this process, we used a conditioning protocol in three different groups of participants who either received an odor during initial training on a motor sequence learning task and were re-exposed to this odor during different sleep stages of the post-training night (i.e., NREM2 sleep [Cond-NREM2], REM sleep [Cond-REM], or were not conditioned during learning but exposed to the odor during NREM2 [NoCond]). Results show that the Cond-NREM2 group had significantly higher gains in performance at retest than both the Cond-REM and NoCond groups. Also, only the Cond-NREM2 group yielded significant changes in sleep spindle characteristics during cueing. Finally, we found that a change in frequency of sleep spindles during cued-memory reactivation mediated the relationship between the experimental groups and gains in performance the next day. These findings strongly suggest that cued-memory reactivation during NREM2 sleep triggers an increase in sleep spindle activity that is then related to the consolidation of motor sequence memories.
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Increases in spindle density follow improvements on a motor task in a graded fashion; performance gains correlate positively with the rate of spindle expression during intervening sleep.
“For example, increases in spindle density follow improvements on a motor task in a graded fashion; performance gains correlate positively with the rate of spindle expression during intervening sleep (161).”
From The Stress Acceleration Hypothesis of Nightmares (2017) · cites this paper as [161]
The Results (Sleep Spindle Analyses; page unavailable) report that spindle density did not increase between the measured sleep periods, while spindle amplitude and frequency did. The Discussion (Spindle Frequency as a Mediator; page unavailable) links performance gains to changes in spindle frequency, not to a graded increase in spindle density or expression rate. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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The Role of Sleep in Memory Consolidation: Active or Permissive?
Schönauer, M., & Jan Born, A. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809324-5.21034-1 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
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Hippocampal barques and their manifestation as 14&6 Hz positive spikes during sleep
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Altered Sleep Oscillations as Neurophysiological Biomarkers of Schizophrenia
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- Authors
- Laventure, S., Fogel, S., Lungu, O., Albouy, G., Sévigny-Dupont, P., Vien, C., Sayour, C., Carrier, J., Benali, H., & Doyon, J.
- Affiliations
- Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CA)
- Western University (CA)
- Université de Montréal (CA)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Laventure, Samuel
- Doyon, Julien
- ORCID
- Venue
- PLoS Biology
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2016-03-31
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- e1002429
- ISSN
- 1544-9173 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-7885
- PMC
- PMC4816304
- OpenAlex
- W2323970915
- Cited by
- 132
- References
- 104
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 7
- FWCI
- 10.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS Biology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lirias (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
- HAL (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP97830)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Keywords
- sleep spindles, motor sequence learning, memory consolidation, sleep-dependent memory consolidation, REM sleep, olfactory conditioning
- MeSH terms
- Memory Consolidation, Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Motor Skills, Odorants, Sleep Stages, Smell, Young Adult
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