Cited by 1,072Sperm and Testicular FunctionReproductive biology and impacts on aquatic speciesMale Reproductive Health Studies

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Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay: Its Clinical Use for Detecting Sperm DNA Fragmentation in Male Infertility and Comparisons With Other Techniques

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EVENSON, DONALD P., LARSON, KJERSTEN L., JOST, LORNA K.·2002·Journal of Andrology

DOI 10.1002/j.1939-4640.2002.tb02599.x

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Abstract

The Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay (SCSA) was first described in the December 5, 1980 issue of Science (Evenson et al, 1980a).The data described in that article showed a significant difference between proven fertile and subfertility or infertility in men and bulls and the susceptibility to denaturation of their sperm nuclear DNA.A subsequent study (Evenson et al, 1984) described SCSA data obtained from men with testicular cancer.The data were heterogeneous, and begged the question, what was SCSA measuring?Great effort has been spent over the past 15 years on animal model systems, mostly related to dose-response toxicology experiments and large animal fertility trials.The results from these studies showed that SCSA was highly dose-responsive to toxicants, highly repeatable, and provided meaningful biological information on sperm nuclear DNA defects.The extensive data from nonhumans (Evenson et al, 1985(Evenson et al, , 1986(Evenson et al, , 1989a(Evenson et al, ,b, 1993a(Evenson et al, ,b,c, 1994(Evenson et al, , 1995b;; Ballachey et

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Fertilization and pregnancy after assisted oocyte activation and intracytoplasmic sperm injection in a case of round-headed sperm associated with deficient oocyte activation capacity
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Skakkebæk, N., & Lutz, W. (2006) · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2605.2005.00678.x · Cited by 5
Increased Oxidative DNA Damage in Seminal Plasma of Infertile Men with
Wang, Q.-L., Tang, L.-X., Deng, S.-M., Tang, Y.-G., & Zheng, L.-X. (2014) · doi:10.4172/2167-0250.1000119 · Cited by 5
“Sperm DNA integrity was evaluated by the Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay (SCSA), which tests the susceptibility of sperm DNA to acid-induced denaturation and the values are expressed as sperm DNA Fragmentation Index (DFI: percentage of sperm with denatured nuclei) [11].”
Method
Is sperm chromatin packaging relevant for IVF success
Tosti, E., & Fortunato, A. (2012) · doi:10.4172/2165-7491.1000e107 · Cited by 5
“The need to use new markers of sperm function is of recent acquisition [17,23,24] especially in the case of morphologically normal sperm that posses a limited fertilizing ability if it is accompanied by a low packaging quality.”
Background
Longitudinal trends and correlation between autism spectrum disorder prevalence and sperm quality parameters (2000–2024): a comprehensive statistical analysis
Al-Salihy, A. A.-R. S. (2024) · Frontiers in Reproductive Health · doi:10.3389/frph.2024.1438049 · Cited by 5
“Previous studies have shown that increased SDF is associated with adverse reproductive outcomes (27).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluential
The role of sperm DNA fragmentation in reproduction: a SWOT analysis
Llácer, J., Requena, A., Checa, M. A., Bellver, J., Bosch, E., Espinós, J., Fábregues, F., Ortega, A. I., Fontes, J., & Garcia-Velasco, J. (2025) · Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics · doi:10.1007/s10815-025-03645-9 · Cited by 4
“This assay is performed using flow cytometry and provides quantitative metrics such as the DNA fragmentation index (DFI) and high DNA stainability (HDS), which are correlated with fertility outcomes [110].”
Induction of Sperm DNA Fragmentation by Cryopreservation and In Vitro Incubation: Comparison of TUNEL, SCSA, SCD Test and COMET Assay
Calamai, C., Tanturli, M., Conti, D., Leter, G., Vignozzi, L., Giovannelli, L., & Muratori, M. (2025) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms26188978 · Cited by 4
“SDF was expressed as percentages of DNA fragmented sperm and calculated from the DFI frequency histogram [43] as the fraction of sperm outside the main cell population.”
Sperm cellular and nuclear dynamics associated with ram fertility
Bodu, M., Hitit, M., Sarı, A., Kırbaş, M., Bulbul, B., Ataman, M. B., Bucak, M., Parrish, J. J., Kaya, A., & Memili, E. (2025) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2025.1577004 · Cited by 4
Evaluation of the Detrimental Impact of Low-Intensity Laser Radiation on the Characteristics of Sperm Movement, Motion, and DNA Damage
al Timimi, Z. (2024) · Current Applied Science and Technology · doi:10.55003/cast.2024.262524 · Cited by 4
“The effectiveness of various treatments varies, and it takes three to six months for any noticeable changes to occur (Evenson et al., 2002; Nowicka-Bauer & Nixon, 2020).”
Background
The future of equine semen analysis
Peña, F. J., Martín‐Cano, F. E., Becerro‐Rey, L., Ortega‐Ferrusola, C., Gaitskell‐Phillips, G., da Silva‐Álvarez, E., & Gil, M. C. (2024) · Reproduction Fertility and Development · doi:10.1071/rd23212 · Cited by 5
The sperm chromatin structure assay does not detect alterations in sperm chromatin structure induced by hydrogen peroxide
Bittner-Schwerda, L., Malama, E., Siuda, M., van Loon, B., & Bollwein, H. (2022) · Animal Reproduction Science · doi:10.1016/j.anireprosci.2022.107094 · Cited by 8
Assessment of the Impact Induced by Different Incubation Time, Storage Time, Storage Medium and Thawing Methods on Sperm DNA Fragmentation Assay: A Before–After Study
Sabbaghian, M., Hosseinifar, H., Rafaee, A., & Gilani, M. A. S. (2022) · Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences · doi:10.4103/jhrs.jhrs_145_22 · Cited by 4
“[12,17‐19] The SCSA is a standardized test that is performed according to a strict protocol[15] and apart from being subject to a very limited intralaboratory variation,[20] it has shown to be very robust to variation between laboratories.”
Background
Correlation of sperm DNA damage with blastocyst formation: systematic review and meta-analysis
Adiga, P., Vitthala, S., & Shivaranjeni (2021) · Middle East Fertility Society Journal · doi:10.1186/s43043-021-00067-2 · Cited by 4
Genetic parameters and estimated breeding values for traits of raw and frozen-thawed semen in German Warmblood stallions.
Greiser, T., Sieme, H., Martinsson, G., & Distl, O. (2019) · Animal Reproduction Science · doi:10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.106194 · Cited by 4
Influence of obesity on sperm DNA fragmentation index and outcomes of IVF programs
Vitiazeva, I., Altashina, M., Mun, T.-V., & Troshina, E. (2015) · Problems of Endocrinology · doi:10.14341/probl201561548-55 · Cited by 4
“При ИФ 25—30% потенциал наступления спонтанной беременности считается удовлетворительным, при ИФ 15—24% — хорошим, при ИФ <15% — высоким [15, 16].”
Sperm Aneuploidy and DNA Integrity: A Review
Sá, R., & Sousa, M. (2015) · EMJ Reproductive Health · doi:10.33590/emjreprohealth/10311871 · Cited by 4
Semen analysis of Golden Retriever healthy dogs and those affected by muscular dystrophy
Peres, M., da Rocha, A. D., Vannucchi, C., Mendes, C., Cavalcanti, P. V., Nichi, M., Ambrósio, C., Miglino, M., Visintin, J., & Assumpção, M. E. O. D. (2014) · Andrologia · doi:10.1111/and.12079 · Cited by 4
“Sperm chromatin structure evaluation The status of chromatin condensation was checked following the procedure described by Evenson et al. (2002).”
Method
Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection – Factors Affecting Fertilization
Javed, M., & Michael, E. (2012) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/50036 · Cited by 6
“The SCSA, a quantitative and flowcytometric test, measures the susceptibility of sperm nuclear DNA to acid-induced DNA denaturation in situ, followed by staining with acridine orange [66].”
Method
Safety of a novel treatment to improve sperm motility in men with spinal cord injury.
Ibrahim, E., Brackett, N., Aballa, T., & Lynne, C. (2009) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.05.027 · Cited by 4
“(Brookings, SD), where the SCSA was performed as previously described elsewhere (22).”
Sperm disomy in idiopathic severely oligoasthenoteratozoospermic males
Moemen, M., Mostafa, T., Gadalla, A., Abbas, M., Ismail, H. F., El-Hamid, M. F. A., & Salam, M. F. A. (2008) · Andrologia · doi:10.1111/j.1439-0272.2008.00874.x · Cited by 4
“The integrity of sperm DNA is central to the transmission of genetic information during reproduction, and chromatin abnormalities or DNA damage can result in paternal fertility problems (Evenson et al., 2002; Agarwal & Said, 2003).”
Background
Sperm DNA and embryo development
Sakkas, D., & Seli, E. (2007) · doi:10.3109/9780203089712.025 · Cited by 4
Reply to: 'The predictive value of the sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA)'--a response from the SCSA inventor.
Evenson, D. (2006) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/dei342 · Cited by 4
Self-citation
Sperm DNA and ART (IUI, IVF, ICSI) Pregnancy
Bungum, M., & Oleszczuk, K. (2018) · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-71815-6_21 · Cited by 4
Chromatin Damage and Male Infertility
Sakkas, D., Bizzaro, D., & Manicardi, G. (2007) · doi:10.1007/978-1-59745-176-5_20 · Cited by 4
Sperm tRNA-derived fragments expression is potentially linked to abstinence-related improvement of sperm quality
Ji, X., Wang, R., Huang, Z., Wu, H.-L., Huang, X.-H., Bo, H., Lin, G., Zhu, W., & Huang, C. (2025) · Asian Journal of Andrology · doi:10.4103/aja2024123 · Cited by 3
The correlation between sperm percentage with a small acrosome and unexplained in vitro fertilization failure
Li, C.-Y., Ni, Y., Yao, L., Fang, J.-J., Jiang, N., Chen, J., Lin, W., Ni, H., & Zheng, H. (2024) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-023-06205-0 · Cited by 3
“The other part follows the procedure described by Evenson [18], storing the raw semen in Eppendorf bayonet tubes in a -80 °C ultra-cold refrigerator for subsequent in vitro fertilization.”
Method
The association between oral inflammatory load and semen and sperm functional analysis: A cross-sectional study
Pourabbas, R., Farajzadeh, S., Babaloo, A., Pazhohan, A., Sadighi, M., Hajebrahimi, S., Pourabbas, S., & Tenenbaum, H. C. (2023) · Journal of Dental Research Dental Clinics Dental Prospects · doi:10.34172/joddd.2023.37106 · Cited by 5
Relationship of Seminal Plasma Anti-Müllerian Hormone Concentration with Sperm Morphology and Sperm DNA Damage
Turhan, G., Çil, N., Kabukçu, C., Turan, T., Fenkçi, İ., & Mete, G. A. (2022) · Journal of Urological Surgery · doi:10.4274/jus.galenos.2022.2021.0121 · Cited by 3
“To analyze the integrity of sperm DNA, a more objective marker of sperm function is recommended, unlike standard sperm parameters such as sperm motility (24,25).”
Apoptotic M540 bodies present in human semen interfere with flow cytometry-assisted assessment of sperm DNA fragmentation and oxidation
Sadeghi, N., Tavalaee, M., Kiani-Esfahani, A., Moazamian, A., Gharagozloo, P., Aitken, R., Drevet, J., & Nasr-Esfahani, M. (2021) · Basic and Clinical Andrology · doi:10.1186/s12610-021-00143-7 · Cited by 3
“Following on from this, Evenson et al. (1980) developed the sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA®) [13], which, with time has become one of the most widely used and reliable assays to evaluate the level of compaction and, indirectly, the level of fragmentation in the spermatozoa nucleus.”
MethodInfluential
Disruption of bovine sperm functions in the presence of aplastic midpiece defect
Diaz-Miranda, E. A., Maitan, P., Machado, T. P., Camilo, B. S., Lima, D., Okano, D., Penitente-Filho, J., Machado-Neves, M., Oliveira, L. L., Guimarães, S., et al. (2020) · Andrology · doi:10.1111/andr.12618 · Cited by 3
Reproductive System State among Generations of Male Rats, Obtained from Irradiated Parents and Subjected to Electromagnetic Interference from Mobile Phone (1745 MHz)
Григорьев, Ю. Д., Grigor’ev, Y. M., Чуешова, Н. В., Chueshova, N., Верещако, Г. Г., & Vereschako, G. (2018) · Medical Radiology and radiation safety · doi:10.12737/article_5bc89628800007.23290426 · Cited by 3
Variation in post-thaw sperm quality of white-tailed deer bucks (Odocoileus virginianus) during rut.
Stewart, J., Shipley, C., Ellerbrock, R., Lima, F., & Canisso, I. (2018) · Animal Reproduction Science · doi:10.1016/j.anireprosci.2018.05.014 · Cited by 3
Paternally-mediated effects on development
Hales, B. F., & Robaire, B. (2016) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.3109/9781841848211-9 · Cited by 3
FREEZABILITY, DNA INTEGRITY AND FERTILIZING CAPACITY OF SPERMATOZOA OF FRIESIAN BULLS TREATED WITH ANTI - HELMINTHIC DRUGS
El-Dein, M. T., Zeidan, A., El-Desouki, N., Tabl, G. A., & Kamel, R. A. (2011) · doi:10.21608/jappmu.2011.83387 · Cited by 3
“Sperm chromatin structure assay is considered highly stable and robust, having the least inter-assay variation compared with other methods for measuring DNA integrity (Evenson et al., 2002 and Perreault et al., 2003).”
BackgroundMethod
Comparación entre el test de fragmentación de ADN espermático mediante la técnica de SCD y el índice de vitalidad medida con el test de naranja de acridina
López, L. O., Vila, E. O., Domínguez, P. L., Segovia, A. G., Gomez, I. O., Calonge, R. N., & Peregrín, P. C. (2010) · doi:10.1016/s1698-031x(10)70022-4 · Cited by 3
Environmental contamination and male reproductive health: (ir) reversible effects in child- and adulthood.
Corcini, C., Varela, A., & Yeste, M. (2025) · Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências · doi:10.1590/0001-3765202520240717 · Cited by 3
Sperm Chromatin Integrity Tests and Indications
Sharma, R., Martinez, M., & Agarwal, A. (2020) · Male Infertility · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-32300-4_8 · Cited by 3
Selección espermática in vitro: espermatozoides con mejores características funcionales
Acevedo, P. C. L., & Maya, W. C. (2017) · Revista Urología Colombiana / Colombian Urology Journal · doi:10.1016/j.uroco.2016.04.007 · Cited by 3
MSOME and Sperm DNA Integrity: Biological and Clinical Considerations
Tesarik, J. (2015) · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-1411-1_14 · Cited by 3
Sperm DNA Damage: Causes and Guidelines for Current Clinical Practice
Giwercman, A., Spanô, M., & Bungum, M. (2011) · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-8456-2_12 · Cited by 3
Explorations fonctionnelles spécialisées du sperme et AMP
Boitrelle, F., Marchetti, P., Mitchell, V., Leroy-Martin, B., & Marchetti, C. (2011) · doi:10.1007/978-2-8178-0061-5_31 · Cited by 3
Effects of Male Accessory Gland Infection on Sperm Parameters
Calogero, A., Vignera, S. L., Condorelli, R., D'Agata, R., & Vicari, E. (2011) · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-6857-9_26 · Cited by 3
Effects of Sperm DNA Fragmentation on Embryonic Cleavage and Semen Parameters in In Vitro Fertilization Treatment
Chuang, Y.-L., Huang, H.-C., Wu, C.-H., Yang, S.-H., Chen, Y.-C., Tsai, H.-D., & Wu, H.-H. (2026) · Journal of Aging Research · doi:10.1155/jare/9920736 · Cited by 2
“Many techniques are currently available for identifying SDF, including TUNEL [17], the sperm chromatin structure assay [9, 18], and the sperm chromatin dispersion test [19].”
Photodynamic Inactivation of Bacteria in Boar Semen with Blue LED Light
Maaßen, I. K., Luther, A.-M., Varzandeh, M., Hackbarth, S., & Waberski, D. (2025) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms13030643 · Cited by 2
“There was no effect on sperm kinematic parameters, including”
Influential
Chromatin dispersion of spermatozoa of stud bulls depending on age
Iolchiev, B., Schmidt, A. V., Lukonina, O., Moroz, T., Mashtaler, D., Kombarova, N. A., Ushakova, S., & Pridanova, I. (2025) · Animal Husbandry and Fodder Production · doi:10.33284/2658-3135-107-4-255 · Cited by 2
The association between serum estradiol levels and sperm DNA integrity
Lu, V., Svensjö, O., & Axelsson, J. (2022) · Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis · doi:10.1002/em.22500 · Cited by 2
“, 2013) Accordingly, we wanted to investigate whether estrogen levels in young Swedish men were associated with the sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) according to the Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay (SCSA) (Evenson et al., 2002), taking levels of testosterone into account.”
MethodInfluential
Characteristics, Yield, Flow Cytometer, DNA Fragmentation, and Comet Assay Parameters of Goat Spermatozoa in Semen of Zaraibi and Baladi Bucks at Young and Old Ages
Zaghloul, H. K., Elmaghraby, M., badawy, A. E., & Yousif, A. I. (2021) · Journal of Animal and Poultry Production · doi:10.21608/jappmu.2021.95942.1021 · Cited by 2
“The sperm DNA integrity is central to the transmission of genetic information during reproduction and DNA damage can a result in paternal fertility problems (Evenson et al., 2002; Agarwal and Said, 2003).”
Background
Lipid peroxidation in bull semen influences sperm traits and oxidative potential of Percoll®-selected sperm.
Castiglioni, V. C., Siqueira, A. F., Bicudo, L. D. C., de Almeida, T. G., Hamilton, T. R. D. S., de Castro, L. S., Mendes, C., Nichi, M., Losano, J. D. D. A., Visitin, J. A., et al. (2021) · Zygote (Cambridge. Print) · doi:10.1017/s0967199421000228 · Cited by 2
Comparison of microfluidic and swim-up sperm separation methods for IVF
Ješeta, M., Franzova, K., Žáková, J., Ventruba, P., & Crha, I. (2020) · doi:10.2478/acb-2020-0022 · Cited by 2
Successful pregnancy and delivery achieved following intracytoplasmic sperm injection using teratozoospermic sperm exhibiting marked dysplasia of the fibrous sheath: a case report
Saito, M., Tatsumi, T., Nakasuji, T., Ibayashi, M., Harada, T., Mutoh, T., Ito, C., Komiya, A., Hiraoka, K., & Kawai, K. (2020) · Translational Andrology and Urology · doi:10.21037/tau.2019.12.14 · Cited by 2
“(18).”
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Sperm DNA damage due to the oxidative stress associated with varicocele
Siam, E., Tawfeek, M., & Hassan, M. (2019) · Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics · doi:10.1007/s10815-010-9532-2 · Cited by 2
Retracted
EFFECTS OF CIPROFLOXACIN ON MALE FERTILITY PARAMETERS AND SPERM DNA INTEGRITY IN RATS
Abd, A. H., Al-dujaily, S., & Al-Saray, D. A. (2018) · Iraqi journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.22578/ijms.16.4.4 · Cited by 2
“Yet, these nicks cannot be correctly repaired if irregularity in topo II ligating activity are present or if its activity is blocked by the inhibitors of topo II enzyme (22).”
Background
Effect of adding heterologous versus homologous bovine seminal plasma prior to cryopreservation on bull sperm quality after thawing
Nongbua, T., Al-Essawe, E., Edman, A., Johannisson, A., & Morrell, J. (2018) · Zygote (Cambridge. Print) · doi:10.1017/s0967199418000394 · Cited by 2
“Sperm chromatin integrity was evaluated according to the SCSA method (Evenson et al., 2002) with slight modifications (Goodla et al., 2014).”
Method
The Influence of Advanced Paternal Age on Sperm Chromatin Integrity and Early Embryo Morphological Development during ICSI
Dickson, M., Adedia, D., & Abaye, D. (2018) · doi:10.4236/arsci.2018.62004 · Cited by 2
“The AO staining method results confirm the findings using other assays, that higher sperm chromatin damage is associated with lower embryo quality, increased embryo development arrest and decreased pregnancy rates, while lower sperm chromatin damage is associated with higher embryo quality, better embryo development a…”
Result
Effects of Arak Bali Administration on Spermatozoa DNA Fragmentation and Testosterone Level of Rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Hayati, A., Winarni, D., Antari, N. W. S., Resita, I. N., & Fauziah, E. N. (2018) · doi:10.20473/fmi.v54i1.8051 · Cited by 2
“Green color showed normal doublestranded DNA, whereas orange or red color indicated DNA fragmentation (Evenson et al 2002).”
Background
Evaluation of DNA fragmentation in teratozoospermic infertile men compared with normozoospermic fertile men and its correlation with sperm morphology
Magdi, Y., Darwish, E., Elbashir, S., & Elawady, M. A. (2015) · Human Andrology · doi:10.1097/01.xha.0000475198.30247.53 · Cited by 2
Male infertility: Role of cellular, biochemical and molecular events
Malik, T. (2014) · doi:10.5958/2277-3371.2014.00736.0 · Cited by 2
Les marqueurs apoptotiques ont-ils leur place comme marqueurs potentiels de l’exploration de l’infertilité masculine ?
Haouzi, D., Fourar, M., Pellestor, F., Déchaud, H., Vos, J. D., Klein, B., & Hamamah, S. (2008) · Gynécologie Obstétrique & Fertilité · doi:10.1016/j.gyobfe.2008.02.027 · Cited by 2
Dinámica diferencial de la fragmentación del ADN en espermatozoides capacitados y no capacitados: un análisis prospectivo
Peregrín, P. C., Calonge, R. N., Ortega-López, L., Pérez-Gutiérrez, L., López-Fernández, C., & Berenguer, J. (2008) · doi:10.1016/s1698-031x(08)76144-2 · Cited by 2
Semen Analysis and Sperm Function Testing
Baker, H., Clarke, G., Liu, D., Stewart, T., & Garrett, C. (2007) · doi:10.3109/9781420018813-28 · Cited by 2
Evaluation of sperm DNA abnormality index as a indicator of male infertility
Pushpalatha, D., Tamaskar, S., & Sundaram (2021) · doi:10.33545/pathol.2021.v4.i1b.334 · Cited by 2
“It is simple, inexpensive, does not require sophisticated instruments and is proven to be a sensitive method equivalent to TUNNEL assay and flowcytometry ([6]).”
Method
Role of Assisted Reproduction Techniques in the Management of Unexplained Male Infertility
Gangrade, B. K., Patel, Z. P., & Patel, S. (2015) · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2140-9_31 · Cited by 2
The bovine spermatozoal transcriptome and sire fertility
Card, C. J. (2014) · doi:10.23860/diss-card-christopher-2014 · Cited by 2
Laboratory Evaluation for Male Infertility
Mori, R. L., & Sabanegh, E. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-3335-4_2 · Cited by 2
“Meta-analyses have shown that couples with sperm DNA fragmentation indices (DNI) less than 30% [ 40, 41 ] are twice as likely to achieve pregnancy using IVF.”
Method
Study of histomorphological spectrum of eyelid lesions
Shrestha, R., & Sayami, G. (n.d.) · Journal of Pathology of Nepal · doi:10.3126/jpn.v11i1.31244 · Cited by 2
Enhanced bovine ICSI outcomes with sex-sorted spermatozoa: Controlled chromatin decondensation by thioglycolic acid.
Yağcıoğlu, S., Arici, R., Ersoy, N., Kılıçkap, A., Büyükipekci, İ., Demir, K., Öztürk, G., Gün, G., Gök, M., Evecen, M., et al. (2026) · Animal Reproduction Science · doi:10.1016/j.anireprosci.2026.108291 · Cited by 1

Authors: EVENSON, D. P., LARSON, K. L., & JOST, L. K.
Affiliations: South Dakota State University (US)
Corresponding author: EVENSON, DONALD P.
ORCID: EVENSON, DONALD P.
Venue: Journal of Andrology
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2002-01-02
Volume: 23
Issue: 1
Pages: 25-43
ISSN: 0196-3635 (ISSN-L)
1939-4640
DOI: 10.1002/j.1939-4640.2002.tb02599.x
OpenAlex: W1532901402
Cited by: 1,072
References: 158
Citations by year: 2026: 15 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 59 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 50 · 2018: 49 · 2017: 51 · 2016: 42 · 2015: 53 · 2014: 53 · 2013: 68 · 2012: 61
FWCI: 38.26
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 4018 d)
Locations: Journal of Andrology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Science Foundation (9452894, 9720642)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Sperm and Testicular Function
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Physiology › Reproductive biology and impacts on aquatic species
Health Sciences › Medicine › Urology › Male Reproductive Health Studies
Keywords: sperm chromatin structure assay, sperm DNA fragmentation, male infertility, testicular cancer
MeSH terms: Chromatin, Humans, Infertility, Male, Male, Spermatozoa, DNA Fragmentation

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Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay: Its Clinical Use for Detecting Sperm DNA Fragmentation in Male Infertility and Comparisons With Other Techniques

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