The effects of written emotional disclosure and coping skills training in rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized clinical trial
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: Two psychological interventions for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are cognitive-behavioral coping skills training (CST) and written emotional disclosure (WED). These approaches have developed independently, and their combination may be more effective than either one alone. Furthermore, most studies of each intervention have methodological limitations, and each needs further testing. METHOD: We randomized 264 adults with RA in a 2 × 2 factorial design to 1 of 2 writing conditions (WED vs. control writing) followed by 1 of 2 training conditions (CST vs. arthritis education control training). Patient-reported pain and functioning, blinded evaluations of disease activity and walking speed, and an inflammatory marker (C-reactive protein) were assessed at baseline and 1-, 4-, and 12-month follow-ups. RESULTS: Completion of each intervention was high (>90% of patients), and attrition was low (10.2% at 12-month follow-up). Hierarchical linear modeling of treatment effects over the follow-up period, and analyses of covariance at each assessment point, revealed no interactions between writing and training; however, both interventions had main effects on outcomes, with small effect sizes. Compared with control training, CST decreased pain and psychological symptoms through 12 months. The effects of WED were mixed: Compared with control writing, WED reduced disease activity and physical disability at 1 month only, but WED had more pain than control writing on 1 of 2 measures at 4 and 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of WED and CST does not improve outcomes, perhaps because each intervention has unique effects at different time points. CST improves health status in RA and is recommended for patients, whereas WED has limited benefits and needs strengthening or better targeting to appropriate patients.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The IGHE and SGHE arms were selected as active comparison groups to address possible non-specific intervention effects.
“IGHE/SGHE were chosen as active comparison groups to address possible non-specific aspects of intervention effects based on our prior studies36–38.”
From Improving well-being for individuals with persistent pain after surgery for breast cancer, lobular carcinoma in situ, or ductal carcinoma in situ: A randomized clinical trial (2022) · cites this paper as [37]
The Methods > Training Conditions passage says the arthritis-education control was used to account for non-specific factors, including therapist attention, time, and expectations for improvement. The paper does not identify IGHE or SGHE arms or say that those specific groups were selected. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredFor Lumley 2014, blinding of outcome assessment was judged low risk because assessments were by staff who were blind to allocation.
“Low risk Assessments by staF who were blind to allocation”
From Psychological therapies for the management of chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults (2020) · cites this paper as Lumley 2014
Methods > Measures (page not available) says the rheumatologist assessing disease activity was blind to treatment condition and the rheumatologist or technician measuring walking speed was blinded. It does not say that staff assessing every outcome were blind to allocation, so the broader rationale for a low-risk judgment is only partly supported. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredFor Lumley 2014, incomplete outcome data was judged low risk because attrition was less than 10%, mixed models were used, and ITT analyses were conducted.
“Low risk Attrition < 10%; mixed models used, and ITT analyses.”
From Psychological therapies for the management of chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults (2020) · cites this paper as Lumley 2014
The Methods (Data Analyses) report hierarchical linear modeling and intent-to-treat analyses of all 264 randomized participants. The Results (Participation and Attrition Analyses) report some follow-up data for 94.3%, but only 89.8% were assessed at the final 12-month follow-up—attrition of 10.2%, not less than 10%. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredFor Lumley 2014, allocation concealment was judged low risk because at the end of the pretreatment evaluation, the research assistant and each patient jointly opened the next envelope in the sequence, which contained the patient's randomly assigned writing and training conditions.
“Low risk”
From Psychological therapies for the management of chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults (2020) · cites this paper as Lumley 2014
For Lumley 2014, random sequence generation was judged low risk because an independent person used randomization software to develop condition assignments, stratified by study site and medication classes, with assignments sealed in envelopes.
“Low risk”
From Psychological therapies for the management of chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults (2020) · cites this paper as Lumley 2014
For Lumley 2014, selective reporting was judged unclear risk because there were slight changes in outcomes compared with the trial registration document.
“Unclear risk Slight changes in outcomes compared with trial registration document”
From Psychological therapies for the management of chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults (2020) · cites this paper as Lumley 2014
The Methods (Procedure; page unavailable) state that the trial was registered before recruitment, and Methods (Measures; page unavailable) describe its reported outcomes. Neither passage compares those outcomes with the registration document or assesses selective reporting. I searched for registration, protocol changes, and outcome measures; the claimed changes cannot be verified from our copy alone. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredFor Lumley 2014, treatment expectations was judged unclear risk because it was not assessed.
“Unclear risk Not assessed”
From Psychological therapies for the management of chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults (2020) · cites this paper as Lumley 2014
The Methods > Measures section describes clinical and patient-reported outcomes but does not address treatment expectations. Searches for treatment expectancy, credibility, and patient expectations found no passage stating whether expectations were assessed; the paper also does not make an 'unclear risk' judgment. (LLM, conf=0.72)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Why Most Published Research Findings Are False
Ioannidis, J. P. A. (2005) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0020124 · Cited by 10,505 · see citing works
The McGill Pain Questionnaire: Major properties and scoring methods
Melzack, R. (1975) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(75)90044-5 · Cited by 6,873 · see citing works
Lawrence, R. C., Felson, D. T., Helmick, C. G., Arnold, L. M., Choi, H. K., Deyo, R. A., Gabriel, S. E., Hirsch, R., Hochberg, M. C., Hunder, G. G., et al. (2007) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.23176 · Cited by 5,500 · see citing works
Emotion regulation: affective, cognitive, and social consequences.
Gross, J. J. (2002) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1017/s0048577201393198 · Cited by 4,890 · cited 1× · see citing works
“A second, more recent but distinct literature indicates that awareness, expression, and processing of emotions can be adaptive, whereas emotional avoidance or suppression is often maladaptive (Gross, 2002; Kennedy-Moore & Watson, 1999; Taylor, Bagby, & J Consult Clin Psychol.”
BackgroundWhy Most Published Research Findings Are False
Ioannidis, J. P. A. (2005) · CHANCE · doi:10.1080/09332480.2005.10722754 · Cited by 4,702 · see citing works
Estimates of the prevalence of arthritis and other rheumatic conditions in the United States: Part I
Helmick, C. G., Felson, D. T., Lawrence, R. C., Gabriel, S. E., Hirsch, R., Kwoh, C. K., Liang, M. H., Kremers, H. M., Mayes, M. D., Merkel, P. A., et al. (2007) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.23177 · Cited by 2,054 · see citing works
Confronting a traumatic event: Toward an understanding of inhibition and disease.
Pennebaker, J. W., & Beall, S. K. (1986) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.95.3.274 · Cited by 1,898 · see citing works
Felson, D. T., Anderson, J. J., Boers, M., Bombardier, C., Chernoff, M., Fried, B. J., Fürst, D. E., Goldsmith, C. H., Kieszak, S. M., Lightfoot, R. W., et al. (1993) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.1780360601 · Cited by 1,639 · see citing works
Experimental disclosure and its moderators: A meta-analysis.
Frattaroli, J. (2006) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.6.823 · Cited by 1,502 · cited 3× · see citing works
“30 SD), which is consistent with reviews of the WED literature (Frattaroli, 2006; Frisina et al., 2004).”
BackgroundResultInfluential(1997) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,407 · see citing works
Written emotional expression: Effect sizes, outcome types, and moderating variables.
Smyth, J. M. (1998) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.66.1.174 · Cited by 1,290 · see citing works
Norcross, J. C., Krebs, P. M., & Prochaska, J. O. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.20758 · Cited by 1,065 · see citing works
Meenan, R. F., Mason, J. H., Anderson, J. J., Guccione, A. A., & Kazis, L. E. (1992) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.1780350102 · Cited by 889 · see citing works
Coping with chronic pain: a critical review of the literature
Jensen, M. P., Turner, J. A., Romano, J. M., & Karoly, P. (1991) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(91)90216-k · Cited by 835 · see citing works
Coping with rheumatoid arthritis pain: catastrophizing as a maladaptive strategy
Keefe, F. J., Brown, G. K., Wallston, K. A., & Caldwell, D. S. (1989) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(89)90152-8 · Cited by 694 · see citing works
Self-citationFrisina, P. G., Borod, J. C., & Lepore, S. J. (2004) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/01.nmd.0000138317.30764.63 · Cited by 453 · see citing works
Zautra, A. J., Davis, M. C., Reich, J. W., Nicassario, P., Tennen, H., Finan, P., Kratz, A., Parrish, B., & Irwin, M. R. (2008) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.76.3.408 · Cited by 430 · cited 2× · see citing works
“We know of 15 published, randomized controlled trials of cognitive behavioral, skills-based protocols for RA (Applebaum, Blanchard, Hickling, & Alfonson, 1988; Barsky et al., 2010; Bradley et al., 1987; Evers, Kraaimaat, van Riel, & de Jong., 2002; Freeman, Hammond, & Lindoln, 2002; Germond, Schomer, Meyers, & Weight,…”
The McGill Pain Questionnaire: Appraisal and current status.
Melzack, R., & Katz, J. D. (2001) · Cited by 350 · see citing works
Pain coping skills training in the management of osteoarthritic knee pain: A comparative study
Keefe, F. J., Caldwell, D. S., Williams, D. A., Gil, K. M., Mitchell, D., Robertson, C. L., Martinez, S., Nunley, J., Beckham, J. C., Crisson, J. E., et al. (1990) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(05)80188-1 · Cited by 326 · see citing works
Self-citationAstin, J. A., Beckner, W., Soeken, K., Hochberg, M. C., & Berman, B. (2002) · Arthritis Care & Research · doi:10.1002/art.10416 · Cited by 318 · see citing works
Psychosocial Factors in Fibromyalgia Compared With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Walker, E. A., Keegan, D. A., Gardner, G. C., Sullivan, M., Bernstein, D. P., & Katon, W. J. (1997) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-199711000-00003 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Evers, A. W. M., Kraaimaat, F. W., van Riel, P. L. C. M., & de Jong, A. J. L. (2002) · Pain · doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(02)00274-9 · Cited by 301 · see citing works
A cognitive-behavioral treatment for rheumatoid arthritis.
O’Leary, A., Shoor, S., Lorig, K. R., & Holman, H. R. (1988) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037//0278-6133.7.6.527 · Cited by 292 · see citing works
Last observation carry‐forward and last observation analysis
Shao, J., & Zhong, B. (2003) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.1519 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
Psychological interventions for arthritis pain management in adults: A meta-analysis.
Dixon, K. E., Keefe, F. J., Scipio, C. D., Perri, L. M., & Abernethy, A. P. (2007) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.26.3.241 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Self-citationCameron, L. D., & Nicholls, G. (1998) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.17.1.84 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
Bradley, L. A., Young, L. D., Anderson, K. O., Turner, R. A., Agudelo, C. A., McDaniel, L. K., Pisko, E. J., Semble, E. L., & Morgan, T. M. (1987) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.1780301004 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Health effects of emotional disclosure in rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Kelley, J. E., Lumley, M. A., & Leisen, J. C. C. (1997) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.16.4.331 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Self-citationHealth effects of emotional disclosure in rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Kelley, J. E., Lumley, M. A., & Leisen, J. C. C. (1997) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037//0278-6133.16.4.331 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Self-citationMeenan, R. F., Yelin, E. H., Nevitt, M. C., & Epstein, W. V. (1981) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.1780240315 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Written Emotional Expression Produces Health Benefits in Fibromyalgia Patients
Broderick, J., Junghaenel, D., & Schwartz, J. (2005) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000156933.04566.bd · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Sharpe, L., Sensky, T., Timberlake, N., Ryan, B., Brewin, C. R., & Allard, S. (2001) · Pain · doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(00)00379-1 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Pain management in rheumatoid arthritis patients
Parker, J. C., Frank, R. G., Beck, N. C., Smarr, K. L., Buescher, K. L., Phillips, L. R., Smith, E. I., Anderson, S. K., & Walker, S. E. (1988) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.1780310503 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Group education for patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Taal, E., Riemsma, R. P., Brus, H. L., Seydel, E. R., Rasker, J. J., & Wiegman, O. (1993) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/0738-3991(93)90131-f · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Zautra, A., Burleson, M. H., Matt, K. S., Roth, S. H., & al, E. (1994) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037//0278-6133.13.2.139 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Daily coping with pain from rheumatoid arthritis: patterns and correlates
Affleck, G., Urrows, S., Tennen, H., & Higgins, P. (1992) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(92)90263-b · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Behavioral intervention with and without family support for rheumatoid arthritis
Radojevic, V., Nicassio, P. M., & Weisman, M. H. (1992) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(05)80305-3 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Knittle, K., Maes, S., & de Gucht, V. (2010) · Arthritis Care & Research · doi:10.1002/acr.20251 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Written Disclosure in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Gidron, Y., Peri, T., Connolly, J. F., & Shalev, A. Y. (1996) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-199608000-00009 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Which traditional measures should be used in rheumatoid arthritis clinical trials?
Anderson, J. J., Felson, D. T., Meenan, R. F., & Williams, H. J. (1989) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/anr.1780320907 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Does expressive writing reduce health care utilization? A meta-analysis of randomized trials.
Harris, A. H. S. (2006) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.74.2.243 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Sharpe, L. (2003) · British journal of rheumatology · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keg144 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
The relation between stress and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis
Thomason, B. T., Brantley, P. J., Jones, G. N., Dyer, H. R., & Morris, J. L. (1992) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/bf00848326 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
A major dilemma in psychotherapy outcome research: Disentangling therapists from therapies.
Elkin, I. (1999) · Clinical Psychology Science and Practice · doi:10.1093/clipsy.6.1.10 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Broderick, J. E., Stone, A. A., Smyth, J. M., & Kaell, A. T. (2004) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1207/s15324796abm2701_7 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
SENSITIVITY OF A HEALTH STATUS MEASURE TO SHORT‐TERM CLINICAL CHANGES IN ARTHRITIS
Anderson, J. J., Firschein, H. E., & Meenan, R. F. (1989) · Arthritis & Rheumatology · doi:10.1002/j.2326-5205.1989.tb00015.x · Cited by 96 · see citing works
The effect of cognitive behavior therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Kraaimaat, F., Brons, M. R., Geenen, R., & Bijlsma, J. W. J. (1995) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(94)00094-z · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Benefit finding and expressive writing in adults with lupus or rheumatoid arthritis
Danoff‐Burg, S., Agee, J. D., Romanoff, N. R., Kremer, J. M., & Strosberg, J. M. (2006) · Psychology and Health · doi:10.1080/14768320500456996 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Stress management and mutual support groups in rheumatoid arthritis
Shearn, M. A., & Fireman, B. H. (1985) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/0002-9343(85)90282-7 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Wolfe, F., Allaire, S. H., & Michaud, K. D. (2007) · PubMed · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Life stress and lymphocyte alterations among patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Zautra, A., Okun, M. A., Robinson, S. E., Lee, D., Roth, S. H., & Emmanual, J. (1989) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037//0278-6133.8.1.1 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Cognitive behavioral treatment of a veteran population with moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis
Appelbaum, K. A., Blanchard, E. B., Hickling, E. J., & Alfonso, M. (1988) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(88)80019-4 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Cognitive-behavioral treatment in unselected rheumatoid arthritis outpatients
Leibing, E., Pfingsten, M., Bartmann, U., Rueger, U., & Schuessler, G. (1999) · The Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/00002508-199903000-00009 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Stressful life events' effects on rheumatoid arthritis disease activity.
Potter, P. T., & Zautra, A. (1997) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.65.2.319 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Emotional disclosure interventions for chronic pain: from the laboratory to the clinic
Lumley, M. A., Sklar, E. R., & Carty, J. N. (2011) · Translational Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s13142-011-0085-4 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Self-citationDISSANAYAKE, R. K., & Bertouch, J. V. (2010) · International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1111/j.1756-185x.2010.01563.x · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Wetherell, M. A., Byrne-Davis, L., Dieppe, P., Donovan, J., Brookes, S., Byron, M., Vedhara, K., Horne, R., Weinman, J., & Miles, J. (2005) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105305049778 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Cox, C. E., Porter, L. S., Hough, C. L., White, D. B., Kahn, J. M., Carson, S. S., Tulsky, J. A., & Keefe, F. J. (2012) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-012-2567-3 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Self-citationCarson, J. W., Keefe, F. J., Affleck, G., Rumble, M. E., Caldwell, D. S., Beaupre, P. M., Kashikar-Zuck, S., Sandstrom, M., & Weisberg, J. N. (2006) · The Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2006.02.008 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Self-citationUse of cognitive-behavioural arthritis education programmes in newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis
Freeman, K., Hammond, A., & Lincoln, N. B. (2002) · Clinical Rehabilitation · doi:10.1191/0269215502cr565oa · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Telephone-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Müller, I., & Yardley, L. (2011) · Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare · doi:10.1258/jtt.2010.100709 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
A Randomized Trial of Three Psychosocial Treatments for the Symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis
BARSKY, A. J., Ahern, D. K., Orav, E. J., Nestoriuc, Y., Liang, M. H., Berman, I. T., Kingsbury, J. R., Sy, J. T., & Wilk, K. G. (2010) · Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism · doi:10.1016/j.semarthrit.2010.04.001 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Stone, A. A., Smyth, J. M., Kaell, A. T., & Hurewitz, A. N. (2000) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.19.6.619 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
van Middendorp, H., Geenen, R., Sorbi, M. J., van Doornen, L. J. P., & Bijlsma, J. W. J. (2009) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000206868 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Smyth, J. M., Stone, A. A., Hurewitz, A., & Kaell, A. (1999) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.281.14.1304 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Compliance with treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
Müller, R., Kallikorm, R., Põlluste, K., & Lember, M. (2011) · Rheumatology International · doi:10.1007/s00296-011-2162-x · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Keefe, F. J., Anderson, T., Lumley, M. A., Caldwell, D. S., Stainbrook, D., McKee, D. C., Waters, S. J., Connelly, M., Affleck, G. G., Pope, M. S., et al. (2007) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2007.08.031 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationLumley, M. A., Leisen, J. C. C., Partridge, T., Meyer, T. M., Radcliffe, A. M., Macklem, D. J., Naoum, L. A., Cohen, J. L., Lasichak, L. M., Lubetsky, M. R., et al. (2011) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2011.01.003 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Self-citationPain Management in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cognitive-Behavioural Intervention
Germond, S. A., Schomer, H., Meyers, O. L., & Weight, L. M. (1993) · South African Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1177/008124639302300101 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
The relative importance of psychosocial factors in arthritis: Findings from 10,509 Australian women
Harris, M. L., Loxton, D. J., Sibbritt, D. W., & Byles, J. (2012) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2012.06.009 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Psychological therapies for the management of chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults
Williams, A. C. D. C., Fisher, E., Hearn, L., & Eccleston, C. (2020) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd007407.pub4 · Cited by 605 · see citing works
Nikiphorou, E., Santos, E. J. F., Marques, A., Böhm, P., Bijlsma, J. W. J., Daïen, C., Esbensen, B. A., Ferreira, R. J. O., Fragoulis, G. E., Holmes, P., et al. (2021) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-220249 · Cited by 318 · see citing works
Shields, G. S., Spahr, C. M., & Slavich, G. M. (2020) · JAMA psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.0431 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Lumley, M. A., Schubiner, H., Lockhart, N. A., Kidwell, K. M., Harte, S. E., Clauw, D. J., & Williams, D. A. (2017) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001036 · Cited by 242 · see citing works
Self-citationSmyth, J. M., Johnson, J. A., Auer, B. J., Lehman, E. B., Talamo, G., & Sciamanna, C. (2018) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/11290 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Nyssen, O. P., Taylor, S. J., Wong, G., Steed, E., Bourke, L., Lord, J., Ross, C. A., Hayman, S., Field, V., Higgins, A., et al. (2016) · Health Technology Assessment · doi:10.3310/hta20270 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Psychological therapy for centralized pain: an integrative assessment and treatment model
Lumley, M. A., & Schubiner, H. (2019) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000000654 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Self-citationManagement der frühen rheumatoiden Arthritis
Schneider, M., Baseler, G., Funken, O., Heberger, S., Kiltz, U., Klose, P., Krüger, K., Langhorst, J., Mau, W., Oltman, R., et al. (2020) · Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie · doi:10.1007/s00393-020-00775-6 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Sharpe, L. (2016) · Journal of Pain Research · doi:10.2147/jpr.s83653 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
“Lumley et al 8 compared the two interventions that were supported by the previously described systematic review.”
Marques, A., Santos, E. J. F., Nikiphorou, E., Bosworth, A., & Carmona, L. (2021) · RMD Open · doi:10.1136/rmdopen-2021-001647 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
van Middendorp, H., & Evers, A. W. M. (2016) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology · doi:10.1016/j.berh.2016.10.012 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Zhou, C., Wu, Y., An, S., & Li, X. (2015) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0131802 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Non-pharmacological treatment in difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis
Majnik, J., Császár-Nagy, N., Böcskei, G., Bender, T., & Nagy, G. (2022) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.991677 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Chronic pain as embodied defence: implications for current and future psychological treatments
Eccleston, C. (2018) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001286 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Pike, A., Hearn, L., & de C Williams, A. C. (2016) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000434 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Ballesio, A., Zagaria, A., Vacca, M., Pariante, C. M., & Lombardo, C. (2023) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2023.05.006 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Neuroscience Education as Therapy for Migraine and Overlapping Pain Conditions: A Scoping Review
Minen, M. T., Kaplan, K., Akter, S., Espinosa-Polanco, M., Guiracocha, J., Khanns, D., Corner, S. E., & Roberts, T. R. (2021) · Pain Medicine · doi:10.1093/pm/pnab131 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Chronic pain in the workplace: A diary study of pain interference at work and worker strain
Fragoso, Z. L., & McGonagle, A. K. (2018) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.2801 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Verbal Emotional Disclosure of Traumatic Experiences in Adolescents: The Role of Social Risk Factors
Pérez, S., Peñate, W., Bethencourt, J. M., & Fumero, A. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00372 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Kim, J., Han, A., Piatt, J. A., & Kim, J. (2020) · Health Promotion Perspectives · doi:10.34172/hpp.2020.59 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Day, M. A., Ehde, D. M., Bindicsova, I., & Jensen, M. P. (2023) · Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2023.10.007 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Bernstein, M. T., Mackenzie, C. S., Sareen, J., Dufault, B., Hitchon, C. A., & El-Gabalawy, R. M. (2019) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2019.102117 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Hu, Y., Jiang, X., Mao, F.-Y., Zhang, J., Liu, L., Gu, J., Wu, Q., & Li, C. (2022) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-022-06964-9 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
The working alliance and Clinician-assisted Emotional Disclosure for rheumatoid arthritis
Lumley, M. A., Anderson, T., Ankawi, B., Goldman, G. A., Perri, L. M., Bianco, J. A., & Keefe, F. J. (2017) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2017.11.004 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationKukshina, A. A., Vereschagina, D. A., Kotelnikova, A. V., & Zaitsev, V. P. (2017) · Problems of Balneology Physiotherapy and Exercise Therapy · doi:10.17116/kurort201794354-61 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
The efficacy of expressive writing intervention: the role of optimism and alexithymia
del Pino‐Sedeño, T., Peñate, W., Fumero, A., Pérez, J. M. B., & Zambrano, S. E. O. (2016) · European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education · doi:10.1989/ejihpe.v6i3.179 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Stalls, J. M., Bovbjerg, D. H., Somers, T. J., Plumb Vilardaga, J. C., Kimmick, G. G., McAuliffe, P. F., Keefe, F. J., Posluszny, D. M., Sullivan, M. J. L., Erkanli, A., et al. (2022) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2022.106934 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationLi, J., Gao, Z., Li, S., & Zhong, X. (2025) · Cancer Medicine · doi:10.1002/cam4.70595 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Stress and Sensitization in Chronic Pain
Veldhuijzen, D. S., van Middendorp, H., & Evers, A. W. M. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190627898.003.0005 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Brandão, T., Tavares, R., Schulz, M. S., & Matos, P. M. (2024) · Journal of integrative nursing and palliative care · doi:10.51847/dcksjudcop · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Fragoso, Z. L. (2016) · Human Biology
Hamid, N., Moradpour, S., & Mirhashemi, M. (2024) · Nursing and Midwifery Journal · doi:10.61186/unmf.22.5.425
Pawar, P., Xie, S. M., Varghese, A. R., Smith, A., Gao, J., Kamp, E. V., Kirklin, K., Jones, B. S., Meador, W. R., & Yuen, H. K. (2025) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare13101104
Geisser, M. E., & Theisen‐Goodvich, M. E. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197525456.013.0010
Waligórska, A. (2025) · Man – Disability – Society · doi:10.71358/cns.2081
Hu, Y.-Y., Jiang, X., Fangying, M., Zhang, J., Liu, L., Gu, J., Wu, Q., & Li, C. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22602740
Hu, Y.-Y., Jiang, X., Fangying, M., Zhang, J., Liu, L., Gu, J., Wu, Q., & Li, C. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22602734
Hu, Y.-Y., Jiang, X., Fangying, M., Zhang, J., Liu, L., Gu, J., Wu, Q., & Li, C. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22602731
Hu, Y.-Y., Jiang, X., Fangying, M., Zhang, J., Liu, L., Gu, J., Wu, Q., & Li, C. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22602737
Salikka, T., Kylmä, J., & Fröjd, S. A. (2026) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/ejp.70235
Tan, J., Feng, S., Wen, Q., Du, P., Wu, C., & Yang, J. (2026) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000048936
- Authors
- Lumley, M. A., Keefe, F. J., Mosley-Williams, A., Rice, J. R., McKee, D., Waters, S. J., Partridge, R. T., Carty, J. N., Coltri, A. M., Kalaj, A., Cohen, J. L., Neely, L. C., Pahssen, J. K., Connelly, M. A., Bouaziz, Y. B., & Riordan, P. A.
- Affiliations
- North Carolina Central University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lumley, Mark A.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
- Published
- 2014
- Volume
- 82
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 644-658
- ISSN
- 0022-006X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2117
- PMC
- PMC4115002
- OpenAlex
- W2318405787
- Cited by
- 41
- References
- 67
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 5.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (AR049059)
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (AR057808 and AR057047)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health via Writing
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Conservation › Art Therapy and Mental Health
- Keywords
- rheumatoid arthritis, written emotional disclosure, coping skills training, cognitive-behavioral intervention, psychological intervention, pain, physical function, disease activity, C-reactive protein, psychological symptoms
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Arthritis, Rheumatoid, C-Reactive Protein, Emotions, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Health Education, Health Status, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Education as Topic, Problem Solving, Self Disclosure, Writing, Biomarkers, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Walking
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
