The DOI matches its Crossref record; 77 of the 79 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Clarifying conditions and decision points for mediational type inferences in Organizational Behavior
Abstract
Although mediational designs and analyses are quite popular in Organizational Behavior research, there is much confusion surrounding the basis of causal inferences. We review theoretical, research design, and construct validity issues that are important for drawing inferences from mediational analyses. We then distinguish between indirect effects, and partial and full mediational hypotheses and outline decision points for drawing inferences of each type. An empirical illustration is provided using structural equation modeling (SEM) techniques, and we discuss extensions and directions for future research. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The use of one data collection point, which the change scores function as, means that causality cannot be asserted (Kazdin, 2007; Mathieu & Taylor, 2006).”
From Testing Mindfulness Mechanisms of Action on the Stress and Burnout of Social Workers (2024) · cites this paper as Mathieu & Taylor, 2006
Citations
Cites
Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999) · Structural Equation Modeling A Multidisciplinary Journal · doi:10.1080/10705519909540118 · Cited by 108,788
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173 · Cited by 91,532
Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach
Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1988) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.103.3.411 · Cited by 41,941
(1975) · PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation) · Cited by 36,737
Kytle, J., & Bandura, A. (1978) · Contemporary Sociology · doi:10.2307/2065952 · Cited by 25,422
Comparative fit indexes in structural models.
Bentler, P. M. (1990) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.107.2.238 · Cited by 25,266
Structural Equations with Latent Variables
Bollen, K. A. (1989) · Wiley series in probability and statistics · doi:10.1002/9781118619179 · Cited by 17,944
Structural Equations with Latent Variables.
Clogg, C. C., & Bollen, K. A. (1991) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2072165 · Cited by 17,475
SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models
Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2004) · Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers · doi:10.3758/bf03206553 · Cited by 17,383
(1963) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 15,085
Research works printed but not linked: 13
- Bandura A., 1986, Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory
- Hackman J. R., 1980, Work redesign
- 10.1037/0022-006X.65.4.599 · DOI
- Kenny D. A., 1998, Handbook of social psychology
- 10.2307/257962 · DOI
- 10.2307/3560240 · DOI
- Moskowitz D. S., 2002, Modeling intraindividual variability with repeated measures data: Methods and applications
- Nunnally J. C., 1978, Psychometric theory
- Preacher K. J. &Hayes A. F.(2005).SPSS and SAS macros for estimating and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models 717–731(Under review). · DOI · Paper page
- 10.2307/1556348 · DOI
- Schwab D. P., 1980, Construct validity in organizational behavior, Research in Organizational Behavior, 2, 3
- 10.2307/258554 · DOI
- Wood R. E. Goodman J. S. Cook A. &Beckman N.(under review).Mediation testing in management research: A review and proposals.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 901–954 of 954
Rodríguez, J. F. (2018) · FIU - Digital Commons (Florida International University) · doi:10.25148/etd.fidc006572
“model reported by Mayer and Davis (1999) for both time points of data.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialAn Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Adoption in the Thai Agricultural Sector
Vichinrojjarul, C., & Suntrayuth, S. (2019) · AJMI - ASEAN Journal of Management and Innovation
Ibrahim, A., & Mokhtar, W. K. A. W. (2018) · International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences · doi:10.6007/ijarbss/v8-i11/4906
Investigating Factors Affecting Venture Growth Intention for Women Entrepreneurs
Gitlin, B. J. (2019)
Knowledge Utilisation in AgriFood SMEs: Effects of Organisational and Informational Factors
Yawson, D. E. (2020) · Archives of Business Research · doi:10.14738/abr.87.8664
The danger of inferring causal direction from a partialling technique with longitudinal dataPreprint
Dishop, C. R., & DeShon, R. P. (2021) · PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/xjsyz
The Impact of extrinsic goals on romantic relationships :a theoretical approach
Law, W. (2013) · UR Research (University of Rochester)
La Gestión Organizacional en el Siglo XXI
Cazal, E. A. E., Ardila, M. C. V., Reyes, G. E., Méndez, J. A. C., Avella, D. A. C., Rodríguez, N. J., Jiménez, G. A. M., Carreño, N. E. F., Rodríguez, J. R., Espinal, L. D. F., et al. (2021) · Universidad de Cundinamarca eBooks · doi:10.36436/9789585195141
Jiang, W. (2014) · Contributions to management science · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-53989-3_5
Gómez, A. S. (2022) · Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya) · doi:10.6035/14102.2022.722465
(2019) · Psychology of Aesthetics Creativity and the Arts · doi:10.1037/aca0000223.supp
Expanding Crossover Research: The Crossover of Job-Related Self-Efficacy Within Couples
Neff, A., Niessen, C., Sonnentag, S., & Unger, D. (2012) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e518332013-658
Measuring Evidence for Mediation in the Presence of Measurement ErrorPreprint
Laghaie, A., & Otter, T. (2020) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3593176
Bilstein, N., Heimann, K. M., & Schauerte, D. (2022) · Forum Dienstleistungsmanagement · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-37384-9_9
Mediating Role of Risk Management and Profitability of Manufacturing FirmsPreprint
Mwelu, N., Watundu, S., & Moya, M. B. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2059076/v1
Schep, J., & Smeekes, A. (2023) · Ethnic and Racial Studies · doi:10.1080/01419870.2023.2249971
“According to Mathieu and Taylor (2006), a full mediation is present if both the indirect e ff ect and total e ff ect of the independent on the dependent variable are signi fi cant, while the direct e ff ect is close to zero.”
BackgroundMwelu, N. (2023) · Journal of Mechanical and Construction Engineering (JMCE) · doi:10.54060/jmce.v3i2.33
“All these steps were necessary as a requirement for partial mediation [52], [22], [34], [45], [33], [9].”
BackgroundOkbagaber, T. B. (2024) · Journal of Economics and Technology Research · doi:10.22158/jetr.v5n2p7
Autriz, A. E., Cadayona, J. Q., Dominguez, J. N., & Mercano, J. (2024) · Psikoislamika Jurnal Psikologi dan Psikologi Islam · doi:10.18860/psikoislamika.v21i1.26610
“In accordance with Mathieu & Taylor (2006), nonexistence of causal relationship between the predictor and outcome variable, means that there is nothing to be mediated.”
BackgroundGong, Y., Khan, M. A., & Tam, K. Y. (2024) · doi:10.31219/osf.io/g9e7j
Emotional Intelligence and Job Performance
Mekhala, R. S. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-7727-7_2 · Cited by 1
Research Design and Causal Inferences in Human Resource Management Research
Stone‐Romero, E. F. (2020) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/978-1-64802-090-220251004
The role of self-compassion in young women athletes' eudaimonic well-being
Ferguson, L. J. (2014) · University Library - University of Saskatchewan (University of Saskatchewan)
REWARDS AND CREATIVITY: THE NEXT STEP
Abdur, M., & Malik, R. (2013) · HEC National Digital Library
Baig, S., Usmani, M., Amjad, F., Rahman, A. U., & Hashim, M. (2025) · The TQM Journal · doi:10.1108/tqm-09-2024-0364
Nguyen, T.-V. C., & Meidilisa, V. (2025) · Asia Pacific Business Review · doi:10.1080/13602381.2025.2603656
Shanbehzadeh, N., Samadi, M., Dastsouz, F., Lesani, A., & Gholami, F. (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-30049-7
FIRAT, İ. (2026) · Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.35408/comuybd.1676649 · Cited by 1
The effect of job analysis on staffing strategies: Human resource planning as a mediator
Alhyasat, K. M. K., Alhyasat, W. M. K., Armoti, A. A., & Hanaysha, J. R. (2026) · Problems and Perspectives in Management · doi:10.21511/ppm.24(1).2026.16
“If any of these correlations is not statistically significant, the mediating effect cannot be confirmed (Baron & Kenny, 1986; Hair et al., 2010; Mathieu & Taylor, 2006).”
Coun, M. J. H., Kooistra, D., Semeijn, J., & HEIJDEN, B. I. J. M. V. D. (2026) · Career Development International · doi:10.1108/cdi-07-2025-0388
Maddock, A., Heang, T., Ean, N., Kheng, S., McGuigan, K., & Ramstrand, N. (2026) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-025-08972-9 · Cited by 2
“The study’s design, i.e., being a cross sectional study, means that we cannot make any assertions as regards causality between the CBPM pro - tective and risk factors and PTSD and psychological distress (Kazdin, 2007 ; Mathieu & Taylor, 2006).”
Klein, C. J., Pierce, L. M., Cooling, M., Stoecker, B., & Weinzimmer, L. G. (2026) · Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners · doi:10.1097/jxx.0000000000001270
Han, S., Li, Z., Luo, L., Qin, L., Xie, B., & Lv, P. (2026) · Humanities and Social Sciences Communications · doi:10.1057/s41599-026-06996-5
“First, we performed a three-wave study among scholars, collecting data at multiple times to improve causality between variables (Mathieu & Taylor, 2006).”
Boissel, J. (2021) · doi:10.70675/a63151f3z18e0z4a89za45cz2b7041b9d704
Khan, M. A. (2026) · Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration · doi:10.1108/apjba-04-2024-0174
Medlock-Klyukovski, A. L., & Klyukovski, A. A. (2026) · Communication Education · doi:10.1080/03634523.2026.2655276
“Partial mediation occurs when there are both significant indirect and direct effects (Collier, 2020; Mathieu & Taylor, 2006).”
Wang, J., Li, X., Feng, Z., & Chen, X. (2026) · Journal of Hospitality Leisure Sport & Tourism Education · doi:10.1016/j.jhlste.2026.100607
Stefano, G. D., Ambrosetti, A., CASA', S., Venza, G., & Aiello, D. (2026) · Evidence-based HRM a Global Forum for Empirical Scholarship · doi:10.1108/ebhrm-03-2025-0123
Hadad, S., Raban, D. R., & Aharony, N. (2026) · Journal of Informetrics · doi:10.1016/j.joi.2026.101816
Neerdaels, J., & Teymoori, A. (2026) · British Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjso.70085
Lee, S., & Han, S. (2026) · Human Resource Development International · doi:10.1080/13678868.2026.2704172
Hussain, K., Shah, S. A., Khan, F., Khan, A., Fatima, N., Seraj, A. H. A., Afaneh, J. A. A., & Zaman, K. (2026) · Future Business Journal · doi:10.1186/s43093-026-00939-x
“This two-stage data collection process was crucial for addressing the temporal nature of mediation effects, as prior research has demonstrated that causal relationships often require time to manifest [3, 44, 60].”
The Performance of Innovation Capability: The Mediating Role of External CooperationPreprint
Huang, C. (2014) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2482812
Sun, Y., Fang, Y., Lim, K. H., & Chen, X. (2010) · Journal of the Association for Information Systems · doi:10.13140/2.1.2514.5280
Transformationaalinen johtajuus ja työn imu: Työn voimavarojen välittävä rooli
Henno, A. (2013) · Tampere University Institutional Repository (Tampere University)
Riffo, F., & Viviana, D. (2015)
Metadata
- Authors
- Mathieu, J. E., & Taylor, S. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Connecticut (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mathieu, John E.
- Venue
- Journal of Organizational Behavior
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2006-09-07
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1031-1056
- ISSN
- 0894-3796 (ISSN-L)
- 1099-1379
- OpenAlex
- W2127597797
- Cited by
- 961
- References
- 79
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 59 · 2021: 52 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 62 · 2018: 52 · 2017: 65 · 2016: 61 · 2015: 66 · 2014: 65 · 2013: 82 · 2012: 63
- FWCI
- 19.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Organizational Behavior (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Old Dominion University
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Keywords
- mediation analysis, causal inference, indirect effects, partial mediation, construct validity, research design, structural equation modeling, organizational behavior
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review