Cited by 961Advanced Causal Inference TechniquesJob Satisfaction and Organizational BehaviorPsychometric Methodologies and Testing

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Clarifying conditions and decision points for mediational type inferences in Organizational Behavior

Mathieu, John E., Taylor, Scott R.·2006·Journal of Organizational Behavior

DOI 10.1002/job.406

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Abstract

Although mediational designs and analyses are quite popular in Organizational Behavior research, there is much confusion surrounding the basis of causal inferences. We review theoretical, research design, and construct validity issues that are important for drawing inferences from mediational analyses. We then distinguish between indirect effects, and partial and full mediational hypotheses and outline decision points for drawing inferences of each type. An empirical illustration is provided using structural equation modeling (SEM) techniques, and we discuss extensions and directions for future research. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Background
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“To evaluate H4a and H4b, which posit that decision comprehensiveness partially mediates the effects of top-management and governmental shareholdings on exploitation and exploration orientations, we follow the procedure developed by Baron and Kenny (1986) and refined by Mathieu and Taylor (2006).”
Method
Leader emotion as a catalyst of effective leader communication of visions, value-laden messages, and goals
Venus, M., Stam, D. A., & van Knippenberg, D. (2013) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2013.03.009 · Cited by 101
Burnout processes in non-clinical health service encounters
Ashill, N. J., & Rod, M. (2010) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2010.11.004 · Cited by 102
The roles of unit leadership and nurse–physician collaboration on nursing turnover intention
Galletta, M., Portoghese, I., Battistelli, A., & Leiter, M. P. (2012) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.12039 · Cited by 116
Staying on Course: The Effects of Savings and Assets on the College Progress of Young Adults
Elliott, W., & Beverly, S. G. (2011) · American Journal of Education · doi:10.1086/659211 · Cited by 99
“Outcome variable.”
Influential
Specificity and overlap of attention and memory biases in depression
Marchetti, I., Everaert, J., Dainer‐Best, J., Loeys, T., Beevers, C. G., & Koster, E. H. W. (2017) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2017.08.037 · Cited by 106
Job characteristics and experience as predictors of occupational turnover intention and occupational turnover in the European nursing sector
HEIJDEN, B. I. J. M. V. D., Peeters, M. C. W., Blanc, P. M. L., & van Breukelen, J. W. M. (2018) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2018.06.008 · Cited by 113
The relationship between psychological capital and innovation behaviour in Chinese nurses
Yan, D., Wen, F., Li, X., & Zhang, Y. (2019) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.12926 · Cited by 106
Bringing the outside in: Can “external” workers experience insider status?
Lapalme, M., Stamper, C. L., Simard, G., & Tremblay, M. (2009) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.597 · Cited by 100
A multilevel model of emotional skills, communication performance, and task performance in teams
Troth, A. C., Jordan, P. J., Lawrence, S. A., & Tse, H. H. M. (2011) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.785 · Cited by 109
The Effects of a Learning‐Goal Orientation Training on Self‐Regulation: A Field Experiment Among Unemployed Job Seekers
Noordzij, G., van Hooft, E. A. J., van Mierlo, H., van Dam, A., & Born, M. P. (2012) · Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1111/peps.12011 · Cited by 101
Leader emergence: the role of emotional intelligence and motivation to lead
Hong, Y., Catano, V. M., & Liao, H. (2011) · Leadership & Organization Development Journal · doi:10.1108/01437731111134625 · Cited by 113
“However, Models 1, 5 and 6 and the Sobel test (z 1⁄4 2:80, p , 0:01) show that Use of emotions entailed an indirect effect (Mathieu and Taylor, 2006) on leader emergence through Affective-identity MTL.”
BackgroundMethod
Mapping the interplay among cognitive biases, emotion regulation, and depressive symptoms
Everaert, J., Grahek, I., Duyck, W., Buelens, J., Van den Bergh, N., & Koster, E. H. W. (2017) · Cognition and Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699931.2016.1144561 · Cited by 96
“The non-significant total effect, c = 0.0487 (SE = 0.0909), t = 0.54, p = .59, 95% CI: [–0.1314, 0.2288], and direct effect, c’ = 0.1249 (SE = 0.0757), t = –1.65, p = .10, 95% CI: [–0.2750, 0.0252], provide evidence for the indirect effect models (Mathieu & Taylor, 2006).”
BackgroundInfluential
Driving employees to serve customers beyond their roles in the Vietnamese hospitality industry: The roles of paternalistic leadership and discretionary HR practices
Tuấn, L. T. (2018) · Tourism Management · doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2018.06.007 · Cited by 96
Losing sleep: Examining the cascading effects of supervisors' experience of injustice on subordinates' psychological health
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“Next, an indirect effects model (Mathieu & Taylor, 2006), Model 6, was estimated.”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
The mind and heart (literally) of the negotiator: Personality and contextual determinants of experiential reactions and economic outcomes in negotiation.
Dimotakis, N. E., Conlon, D. E., & Ilieș, R. (2011) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0025706 · Cited by 92
The Relationship Between Emotion Knowledge, Emotion Regulation and Adjustment in Preschoolers: A Mediation Model
Maggio, R. D., Zappulla, C., & Pace, U. (2016) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-016-0409-6 · Cited by 117
“X, represents a qualitatively different phenomenon than mediation (Mathieu and Taylor 2006) and the assessment of such indirect effects does not require the precondition that a significant total relationship exists between an antecedent and a criterion (Hayes 2009; Preacher and Hayes 2004).”
When less is more: The effect of devolution on HR's strategic role and construed image
Kulik, C. T., & Perry, E. L. (2008) · Human Resource Management · doi:10.1002/hrm.20231 · Cited by 94
Examining calling as a double-edged sword for employability
Lysova, E. I., Jansen, P. G. W., Khapova, S. N., Plomp, J., & Tims, M. (2017) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2017.11.006 · Cited by 99
On the positive aspects of customers: Customer‐initiated support and affective crossover in employee–customer dyads
Zimmermann, B. K., Dormann, C., & Dollard, M. F. (2011) · Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8325.2010.02011.x · Cited by 97
“We clarified further our intervening effect and referred to Mathieu and Taylor (2006) only instead of Baron and Kenny.”
MethodInfluential
Working mothers’ second shift, personal resources, and self-care
Dugan, A. G., & Barnes-Farrell, J. L. (2018) · Community Work & Family · doi:10.1080/13668803.2018.1449732 · Cited by 93
“Hypotheses regarding partial mediation of the relationship between self-care behaviors and outcomes were considered supported if both direct and indirect effects were statistically significant (Mathieu & Taylor, 2006).”
Background
The human aspect of cross-border acquisition outcomes: The role of management practices, employee emotions, and national culture
Gunkel, M., Schlaegel, C., Roßteutscher, T., & Wolff, B. (2014) · International Business Review · doi:10.1016/j.ibusrev.2014.09.001 · Cited by 101
HRM in healthcare: the role of work engagement
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Do I Really Know You and Does It Matter? Unpacking the Relationship Between Familiarity and Information Elaboration in Global Virtual Teams
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Self-citation
Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: OCB-Specific Meanings as Mediators
Jiao, C., Richards, D. A., & Zhang, K. (2010) · Journal of Business and Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10869-010-9168-3 · Cited by 105
“According to Mathieu and Taylor (2006) , these results lead to the rejection of the full mediation model; however, they favor a partial mediation model since all byx� m, bmx, and bym� x were significant.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluential
Promoting continual member participation in firm-hosted online brand communities: An organizational socialization approach
Liao, J., Huang, M., & Xiao, B. (2016) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.10.013 · Cited by 96
Learning organizations, internal marketing, and organizational commitment in hospitals
Tsai, Y. (2014) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/1472-6963-14-152 · Cited by 90
“64), the relationship between the existence of a learning organization and organizational commitment was probably fully mediated by internal marketing [24].”
Background
Mechanisms of mindfulness: Rumination and self-compassion
Svendsen, J. L., Kvernenes, K. V., Wiker, A. S., & Dundas, I. (2017) · Nordic Psychology · doi:10.1080/19012276.2016.1171730 · Cited by 88
“First, it uses a cross-sectional design, which does not permit conclusions with regard to causality (Mathieu & Taylor, 2006; Kazdin, 2007).”
Method
Perceived human resource system strength and employee reactions toward change: Revisiting human resource's remit as change agent
Alfes, K., Shantz, A., Bailey, C., Conway, E., Monks, K., & Fu, N. (2018) · Human Resource Management · doi:10.1002/hrm.21948 · Cited by 86

Authors: Mathieu, J. E., & Taylor, S. R.
Affiliations: University of Connecticut (US)
Corresponding author: Mathieu, John E.
ORCID: Mathieu, John E.
Taylor, Scott R.
Venue: Journal of Organizational Behavior
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2006-09-07
Volume: 27
Issue: 8
Pages: 1031-1056
ISSN: 0894-3796 (ISSN-L)
1099-1379
DOI: 10.1002/job.406
OpenAlex: W2127597797
Cited by: 961
References: 79
Citations by year: 2026: 20 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 59 · 2021: 52 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 62 · 2018: 52 · 2017: 65 · 2016: 61 · 2015: 66 · 2014: 65 · 2013: 82 · 2012: 63
FWCI: 19.92
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Journal of Organizational Behavior (publishedVersion)
Funders: Old Dominion University
Topics: Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Keywords: mediation analysis, causal inference, indirect effects, partial mediation, construct validity, research design, structural equation modeling, organizational behavior

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Clarifying conditions and decision points for mediational type inferences in Organizational Behavior

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