Cited by 905Mass Spectrometry Techniques and ApplicationsElectrohydrodynamics and Fluid DynamicsAdvanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications

Electrospray: From ions in solution to ions in the gas phase, what we know now

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Kebarle, Paul, Verkerk, Udo H.·2009·Mass Spectrometry Reviews

Abstract

There is an advantage for users of electrospray and nanospray mass spectrometry to have an understanding of the processes involved in the conversion of the ions present in the solution to ions in the gas phase. The following processes are considered: Creation of charge droplets at the capillary tip; Electrical potentials required and possibility of gas discharges; Evolution of charged droplets, due to solvent evaporation and Coulomb explosions, to very small droplets that are the precursors of the gas phase ions; Production of gas phase ions from these droplets via the Ion Evaporation and Charge residue models; Analytical uses of ESIMS of small ions, qualitative and quantitative analysis; Effects of the ESI mechanism on the analysis of proteins and protein complexes; Determination of stability constants of protein complexes; Role of additives such as ammonium acetate on the observed mass spectra. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 28:898–917, 2009

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Crossref · 10.1002/mas.20247

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  • Ammonium acetate does not form a buffer system that can effectively maintain macromolecular complexes in solution at physiological pH.

    “Since ammonium acetate does not constitute a buffer system that can effectively maintain macromolecular complexes in solution at physiological pH conditions81,100”

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Authors
Kebarle, P., & Verkerk, U. H.
Affiliations
  • University of Alberta (CA)
  • York University (CA)
Corresponding author
Kebarle, Paul
Venue
Mass Spectrometry Reviews
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2009-06-23
Volume
28
Issue
6
Pages
898-917
ISSN
  • 0277-7037 (ISSN-L)
  • 1098-2787
OpenAlex
W1999365897
Cited by
905
References
80
Citations by year
2026: 49 · 2025: 50 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 54 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 53 · 2020: 53 · 2019: 44 · 2018: 44 · 2017: 52 · 2016: 51 · 2015: 62 · 2014: 59 · 2013: 61 · 2012: 71
FWCI
26.20
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Mass Spectrometry Reviews (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Electrohydrodynamics and Fluid Dynamics
  • Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications
Keywords
electrospray ionization, ionization mechanisms, gas discharge, Coulomb explosion, solvent evaporation, protein complexes

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