CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 331Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and TreatmentsDementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchNeurological disorders and treatments

Mortality in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Open access
Macleod, Angus D., Taylor, Kate S.M., Counsell, Carl E.·2014·Movement Disorders
DOI 10.1002/mds.25898
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

This study was undertaken to perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis of studies of mortality in Parkinson's disease (PD) and to investigate which factors were associated with mortality. We conducted comprehensive searches of studies reporting a ratio of mortality in PD versus controls, descriptive survival measures, or factors predicting survival; assessed study quality; and extracted relevant data. Descriptive analysis, meta‐analysis, and meta‐regression were performed as appropriate. Eighty‐eight studies were included in the review with variable study methods and quality. Almost all studies reported increased mortality in PD (vs. controls), with mortality ratios ranging from 0.9 to 3.8, with major between‐study heterogeneity. Inception cohorts were more consistent with a pooled mortality ratio of approximately 1.5. Inception cohorts, measurements at longer follow‐up duration, and older study recruitment year were associated with lower mortality ratios, but these findings were not robust in sensitivity analyses. Within studies, mortality ratios increased over time. No robust evidence was found that mortality has decreased after the introduction of levodopa (L‐dopa). On average, PD survival reduced by approximately 5% every year of follow‐up, although there was significant heterogeneity. In post‐mortem studies, mean duration until death ranged from 6.9 to 14.3 years. Increasing age and presence of dementia were most commonly associated with increased mortality. Parkinson's disease is associated with increased mortality, but major heterogeneity is seen in estimates of mortality, which is probably explained by variable methodology and patient selection. Individual‐patient‐data meta‐analysis of high‐quality inception studies with long‐term follow‐up would be the optimal way to investigate the factors influencing mortality. © 2014 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1002/mds.25898

Cites

42 of 42 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • The mean duration until death in Parkinson's disease ranges from 6.9 to 14.3 years.

    “Different studies show that the mean duration until death ranges from 6.9 to 14.3 years with increased age and the presence of dementia as the highest predictors of increased mortality (Macleod et al. 2014).”

    From The clinical symptoms of Parkinson's disease. (2016) · cites this paper as Macleod et al. 2014

  • Increased age and the presence of dementia are the highest predictors of increased mortality in Parkinson's disease.

    “Different studies show that the mean duration until death ranges from 6.9 to 14.3 years with increased age and the presence of dementia as the highest predictors of increased mortality (Macleod et al. 2014).”

    From The clinical symptoms of Parkinson's disease. (2016) · cites this paper as Macleod et al. 2014

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

1 of the 43 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Macleod, A. D., Taylor, K. S. M., & Counsell, C. E.
Affiliations
  • University of Aberdeen (GB)
  • Raigmore Hospital (GB)
ORCID
Venue
Movement Disorders
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2014-05-13
Volume
29
Issue
13
Pages
1615-1622
ISSN
  • 0885-3185 (ISSN-L)
  • 1531-8257
DOI
10.1002/mds.25898
OpenAlex
W2107924351
Cited by
328
References
43
Citations by year
2026: 19 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 3
FWCI
2.43
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Movement Disorders (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Aberdeen University Research Archive (Aberdeen University) (submittedVersion)
Funders
Parkinson's UK (G-1302)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Neurological disorders and treatments
Keywords
Parkinson's disease, mortality, survival, risk factors, dementia, age, levodopa, inception cohort, postmortem studies, heterogeneity
MeSH terms
Humans, Parkinson Disease, Databases, Factual

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review