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Cited by 151Genetics and Neurodevelopmental DisordersAutism Spectrum Disorder ResearchDown syndrome and intellectual disability research

Psychopharmacology in fragile X syndrome—Present and future

Berry‐Kravis, Elizabeth, Potanos, Kristina·2004·Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews
DOI 10.1002/mrdd.20007
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Abstract

In addition to cognitive disability, fragile X syndrome (FXS) is associated with behavioral problems that are often functionally limiting. There are few controlled trials to guide treatment; however, available information does suggest that medications can be quite helpful for a number of categories of behavioral disturbance in FXS. Specifically, stimulants appear to be quite useful for management of distractibility, hyperactivity, and impulsive behavior; antidepressants help with anxiety, obsessive‐compulsive behaviors and mood dysregulation; and antipsychotics can reduce aggression. These medications are supportive and help minimize dysfunctional behaviors and maximize functioning. As more is learned about the neural functions of FMRP, medications in the future will be expected to target specific synaptic mechanisms dysregulated in FXS brain and thus ameliorate the cognitive deficit with resultant behavioral improvements. This article summarizes knowledge about effectiveness and approaches to management of currently available psychopharmacology for behavior in FXS and discusses early leads to future treatments for cognition. MRDD Research Reviews 2004;10:42–48. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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  • Children and adults with FXS are regularly prescribed stimulants, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and antipsychotics.

    “Children and adults with FXS are regularly prescribed stimulants, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and antipsychotics [727-729].”

    From Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings (2012) · cites this paper as [727]

  • The majority of males with fragile X syndrome are prescribed psychoactive medications (e.g., antipsychotics, stimulants, and/or antidepressants).

    “However, as a result, we were only able to obtain a small sample of participants simply because the majority of males with FXS are prescribed psychoactive medications (e.g., antipsychotics, stimulants, and/or antidepressants) (Berry-Kravis and Potanos, 2004), and the parents of these individuals were very reluctant to discontinue these medications.”

    From Effects of intranasal oxytocin on social anxiety in males with fragile X syndrome (2012) · cites this paper as Berry-Kravis and Potanos, 2004

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Authors
Berry‐Kravis, E., & Potanos, K.
Affiliations
Rush University Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author
Berry‐Kravis, Elizabeth
ORCID
Berry‐Kravis, Elizabeth
Venue
Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2004-02
Volume
10
Issue
1
Pages
42-48
ISSN
  • 1080-4013 (ISSN-L)
  • 1098-2779
DOI
10.1002/mrdd.20007
OpenAlex
W1995824400
Cited by
151
References
41
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 9
FWCI
0.45
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 16 d)
Locations
  • Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Down syndrome and intellectual disability research
Keywords
fragile X syndrome, psychopharmacology, behavioral problems, stimulants, hyperactivity, distractibility, impulsive behavior, antidepressants, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive behavior, mood dysregulation, antipsychotic drugs, aggression, FMRP, synaptic dysfunction, cognitive impairment, treatment of intellectual disability
MeSH terms
Adrenergic alpha-Agonists, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Animals, Anticonvulsants, Female, Forecasting, Fragile X Syndrome, Humans, Male, Psychopharmacology, Antipsychotic Agents, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, Mice

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