Time‐Restricted Eating Effects on Body Composition and Metabolic Measures in Humans who are Overweight: A Feasibility Study
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Objective: In contrast to intentionally restricting energy intake, restricting the eating window may be an option for treating obesity. By comparing time‐restricted eating (TRE) with an unrestricted (non‐TRE) control, it was hypothesized that TRE facilitates weight loss, alters body composition, and improves metabolic measures. Methods: Participants (17 women and 3 men; mean [SD]: 45.5 [12.1] years; BMI 34.1 [7.5] kg/m 2 ) with a prolonged eating window (15.4 [0.9] hours) were randomized to TRE ( n = 11: 8‐hour window, unrestricted eating within window) versus non‐TRE ( n = 9: unrestricted eating) for 12 weeks. Weight, body composition (dual x‐ray absorptiometry), lipids, blood pressure, 2‐hour oral glucose tolerance, 2‐week continuous glucose monitoring, and 2‐week physical activity (actigraphy assessed) were measured during the pre‐ and end‐intervention periods. Results: The TRE group significantly reduced the eating window (end‐intervention window: 9.9 [2.0] hours) compared with the non‐TRE group (end‐intervention window: 15.1 [1.1] hours) ( P < 0.01). Compared with non‐TRE, TRE decreased the number of eating occasions, weight, lean mass, and visceral fat (all P ≤ 0.05). Compared with preintervention measures, the TRE group reduced the number of eating occasions (−21.9% [30.1%]) and reduced weight (−3.7% [1.8%]), fat mass (−4% [2.9%]), lean mass (−3.0% [2.7%]), and visceral fat (−11.1% [13.4%]) (all P ≤ 0.05). Physical activity and metabolic measures remained unchanged. Conclusions: In the setting of a randomized trial, TRE presents a simplified view of food intake that reduces weight.
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Recent human trials on TRE have highlighted numerous beneficial metabolic effects of TRE, e.g., improved mean daily glucose levels, fasting glucose levels, insulin resistance or insulin sensitivity, triglyceride levels, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol levels.
“Recent human trials on TRE have highlighted numerous beneficial metabolic effects of TRE, e.g., improved mean daily glucose levels (107, 108), fasting glucose levels (108–110), insulin resistance (108, 110, 111) or insulin sensitivity (112, 113), triglyceride levels (107, 109, 114, 115), total cholesterol (115, 116), and LDL cholesterol levels (116).”
From Meal timing and its role in obesity and associated diseases (2024) · cites this paper as [109]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Chow, L. S., Manoogian, E. N. C., Alvear, A., Fleischer, J. G., Thor, H., Dietsche, K., Wang, Q., Hodges, J. S., Esch, N., Malaeb, S., Harindhanavudhi, T., Nair, K. S., Panda, S., & Mashek, D. G.
- Affiliations
- University of Minnesota (US)
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies (US)
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- Corresponding author
- Chow, Lisa S.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Obesity
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2020-04-09
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 860-869
- ISSN
- 1930-7381 (ISSN-L)
- 1930-739X
- PMC
- PMC7180107
- OpenAlex
- W3015521338
- Cited by
- 359
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 49 · 2025: 47 · 2024: 68 · 2023: 55 · 2022: 74 · 2021: 47 · 2020: 18
- FWCI
- 29.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Obesity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1TR002494)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Dietary Effects on Health
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Diet and metabolism studies
- Keywords
- time-restricted eating, eating window, overweight, weight loss, body composition, visceral fat, fat mass, lean body mass, blood pressure, lipids, glucose tolerance, continuous glucose monitoring, physical activity, eating occasions
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Body Composition, Feasibility Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Overweight, Young Adult
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