Glucagon‐like peptide ‐1/glucagon receptor agonism associates with reduced metabolic adaptation and higher fat oxidation: A randomized trial
Open accessAbstract
Objective: This study tested the hypothesis that treatment with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1/glucagon receptor agonist SAR425899 would lead to a smaller decrease in sleeping metabolic rate (SMR; kilocalories/day) than expected from the loss of lean and fat mass (metabolic adaptation). Methods: This Phase 1b, double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled study was conducted at two centers in inpatient metabolic wards. Thirty‐five healthy males and females with overweight and obesity (age = 36.5 ± 7.1 years) were randomized to a calorie‐reduced diet (−1000 kcal/d) and escalating doses (0.06‐0.2 mg/d) of SAR425899 (n = 17) or placebo ( n = 18) for 19 days. SMR was measured by whole‐room calorimetry. Results: Both groups lost weight (−3.68 ± 1.37 kg placebo; −4.83 ± 1.44 kg SAR425899). Those treated with SAR425899 lost more weight, fat mass, and fat free mass ( p < 0.05) owing to a greater achieved energy deficit than planned. The SAR425899 group had a smaller reduction in body composition‐adjusted SMR ( p = 0.002) as compared with placebo, but not 24‐hour energy expenditure. Fat oxidation and ketogenesis increased in both groups, with significantly greater increases with SAR425899 ( p < 0.05). Conclusions: SAR425899 led to reduced selective metabolic adaptation and increased lipid oxidation, which are believed to be beneficial for weight loss and weight‐loss maintenance.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
A clinical study of the dual GLP-1-glucagon receptor agonist SAR435899 (bamadutide) supports that pharmacological attenuation of metabolic adaptation is a biological possibility in humans.
“Although hampered by lack of weight matching in the control group, a clinical study of the dual GLP-1–glucagon receptor agonist SAR435899 (bamadutide) supports that pharmacological attenuation of metabolic adaptation is indeed a biological possibility in humans16.”
From CagriSema drives weight loss in rats by reducing energy intake and preserving energy expenditure (2025) · cites this paper as [16]
The Results (page unavailable) report that treatment blunted metabolic adaptation during sleep compared with placebo, supporting the claim's biological point in humans. The Abstract Results also report greater weight loss in the treatment group, consistent with the citing sentence's caveat. However, the paper identifies the agonist as SAR425899, not SAR435899; the provided passages do not identify it as bamadutide. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredA GLP-1R/GIPR co-agonist still reduces inflammation in mice lacking Glp1r only in the brain.
“treatment of brain-specific Glp1r-deficient mice with a GLP-1R/GIPR co-agonist retains anti-inflammatory action”
From Transforming obesity: The advancement of multi-receptor drugs (2024) · cites this paper as [118]
The Introduction discusses dual GLP-1R/glucagon-receptor agonists, and the Conclusion reports metabolic effects of SAR425899. Searches for brain-specific Glp1r-deficient mice, GLP-1R/GIPR co-agonism, and anti-inflammatory effects found no passage addressing the claimed mouse experiment. No page numbers were available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredGIPR activity outside the CNS, in fat tissue and immune cells, may produce beneficial systemic effects.
“suggesting that peripheral GIPR activity in adipose tissue and immune cells, i.e. macrophages, can elicit positive systemic effects118.”
From Transforming obesity: The advancement of multi-receptor drugs (2024) · cites this paper as [118]
The Introduction and Discussion address dual GLP-1R/GCGR agonism and its metabolic effects, not GIPR activity. Searches for GIPR, peripheral adipose tissue, and macrophages found no passage addressing the claimed effects; the cited paper’s findings therefore do not verify this attribution. The available passages have no page numbers. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredGLP-1R activation reduces inflammation only through its actions in the brain.
“the anti-inflammatory effects of GLP-1R activation are mediated exclusively through the central actions of GLP-1R118.”
From Transforming obesity: The advancement of multi-receptor drugs (2024) · cites this paper as [118]
The Introduction discusses GLP-1R effects on food intake and metabolism, while the Discussion and Conclusion address metabolic adaptation and fat oxidation. Searches for anti-inflammatory effects and central or brain-mediated GLP-1R action found no passage addressing whether inflammation is reduced, let alone whether that effect occurs exclusively through the brain. No page numbers are available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.77)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity
Wilding, J. P. H., Batterham, R. L., Calanna, S., Davies, M., Van Gaal, L. F., Lingvay, I., McGowan, B. M., Rosenstock, J., Tran, M. T. D., Wadden, T. A., et al. (2021) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2032183 · Cited by 5,205 · see citing works
Reduced Rate of Energy Expenditure as a Risk Factor for Body-Weight Gain
Ravussin, E., Lillioja, S., Knowler, W. C., Christin, L., Freymond, D., Abbott, W. G. H., Boyce, V., Howard, B. V., & Bogardus, C. (1988) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198802253180802 · Cited by 1,215 · see citing works
Quantification of the effect of energy imbalance on bodyweight
Hall, K. D., Sacks, G., Chandramohan, D., Chow, C. C., Wang, Y. C., Gortmaker, S. L., & Swinburn, B. A. (2011) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(11)60812-x · Cited by 1,165 · see citing works
Self-citationAnthropometric measurement error and the assessment of nutritional status
Ulijaszek, S. J., & Kerr, D. A. (1999) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114599001348 · Cited by 1,159 · see citing works
Kelley, D. E., Goodpaster, B., Wing, R. R., & Simoneau, J.-A. (1999) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.6.e1130 · Cited by 1,096 · see citing works
Vilsboll, T., Christensen, M., Junker, A. E., Knop, F. K., & Gluud, L. L. (2012) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.d7771 · Cited by 970 · see citing works
Heilbronn, L. K., de Jonge, L., Frisard, M. I., DeLany, J. P., Larson-Meyer, D. E., Rood, J., Nguyen, T., Martin, C. K., Volaufova, J., Most, M. M., et al. (2006) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.295.13.1539 · Cited by 969 · see citing works
Self-citationSimoneau, J., Veerkamp, J. H., Turcotte, L. P., & Kelley, D. E. (1999) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fasebj.13.14.2051 · Cited by 491 · see citing works
Oxyntomodulin Suppresses Appetite and Reduces Food Intake in Humans
Cohen, M. A., Ellis, S. M., le Roux, C. W., Batterham, R. L., Park, A., Patterson, M., Frost, G. S., Ghatei, M. A., & Bloom, S. R. (2003) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-030421 · Cited by 473 · see citing works
Redman, L. M., Smith, S. R., Burton, J. H., Martin, C. K., Il'yasova, D., & Ravussin, E. (2018) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2018.02.019 · Cited by 472 · see citing works
Self-citationSubcutaneous Oxyntomodulin Reduces Body Weight in Overweight and Obese Subjects
Wynne, K., Park, A. J., Small, C. J., Patterson, M., Ellis, S. M., Murphy, K. G., Wren, A. M., Frost, G. S., Meeran, K., Ghatei, M. A., et al. (2005) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.54.8.2390 · Cited by 435 · see citing works
The metabolic actions of glucagon revisited
Habegger, K. M., Heppner, K. M., Geary, N., Bartness, T. J., DiMarchi, R., & Tschöp, M. H. (2010) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/nrendo.2010.187 · Cited by 406 · see citing works
Bettge, K., Kahle, M., Abd El Aziz, M. S., Meier, J. J., & Nauck, M. A. (2017) · Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.12824 · Cited by 374 · cited 1× · see citing works
“To address our secondary objectives of safety and tolerability, AEs were monitored throughout the study based on prior studies [18, 19] via medical history, vital signs, physical examination, and standard laboratory assessments (hematology, biochemistry, coagulation, urinalysis).”
MethodWynne, K., Park, A. J., Small, C. J., Meeran, K., Ghatei, M. A., Frost, G. S., & Bloom, S. R. (2006) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0803344 · Cited by 363 · see citing works
Hall, K. D., Chen, K. Y., Guo, J., Lam, Y. Y., Leibel, R. L., Mayer, L. E., Reitman, M. L., Rosenbaum, M., Smith, S. R., Walsh, B. T., et al. (2016) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.116.133561 · Cited by 330 · see citing works
Self-citationSeidell, J. C., Muller, D. C., Sorkin, J. D., & Andres, R. (1992) · PubMed · Cited by 321 · see citing works
Robinson, L. E., Holt, T. A., Rees, K., Randeva, H. S., & O'Hare, J. P. (2013) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001986 · Cited by 296 · see citing works
Tan, T. M., Field, B. C. T., McCullough, K. A., Troke, R. C., Chambers, E. S., Salem, V., Gonzalez Maffe, J., Baynes, K. C. R., De Silva, A., Viardot, A., et al. (2013) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db12-0797 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Effect of calorie restriction on resting metabolic rate and spontaneous physical activity.
Martin, C. K., Heilbronn, L. K., de Jonge, L., DeLany, J. P., Volaufova, J., Anton, S. D., Redman, L. M., Smith, S. R., & Ravussin, E. (2007) · Obesity · doi:10.1038/oby.2007.354 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Self-citationTillner, J., Posch, M. G., Wagner, F., Teichert, L., Hijazi, Y., Einig, C., Keil, S., Haack, T., Wagner, M., Bossart, M., et al. (2019) · Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.13494 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Self-citationEvidence for the existence of adaptive thermogenesis during weight loss
Doucet, É., St‐Pierre, S., Alméras, N., Després, J., Bouchard, C., & Tremblay, A. (2001) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1079/bjn2001348 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Weyer, C., Pratley, R. E., Salbe, A. D., Bogardus, C., Ravussin, E., & Tataranni, P. A. (2000) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.85.3.6447 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Christoffersen, B. Ø., Sanchez‐Delgado, G., John, L. M., Ryan, D. H., Raun, K., & Ravussin, E. (2022) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.23374 · Cited by 142 · cited 11× · see citing works
“Energy requirements for the first calorimetry day (Day 3) were estimated using the following equation derived from calorimeter studies: 24-hour EE (kcal/d) = 26.2(FFM, kg ) + 5.2(FM, kg) 2.32(age, y) 96 (African American) + 546 [27].”
BackgroundResultInfluentialIndividual, but not simultaneous, glucagon and cholecystokinin infusions inhibit feeding in men
Geary, N., Kissileff, H. R., Pi-Sunyer, X., & Hinton, V. J. (1992) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.1992.262.6.r975 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Food quotient, respiratory quotient, and energy balance
Westerterp, K. (1993) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/57.5.759s · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Chemical and elemental analysis of humans in vivo using improved body composition models
Heymsfield, S. B., Waki, M., Kehayias, J. J., Lichtman, S. W., Dilmanian, F. A., Kamen, Y., Wang, J., & Pierson, R. N. (1991) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1991.261.2.e190 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Chen, K. Y., Smith, S. R., Ravussin, É., Krakoff, J. A., Plasqui, G., Tanaka, S., Murgatroyd, P. R., Brychta, R. J., Bock, C., Carnero, E. Á., et al. (2020) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.22928 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Self-citationSanghvi, A., Redman, L. M., Martin, C. K., Ravussin, É., & Hall, K. D. (2015) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.115.111070 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Self-citationEnergy requirements in nonobese men and women: results from CALERIE
Redman, L. M., Kraus, W. E., Bhapkar, M. V., Das, S. K., Racette, S. B., Martin, C. K., Fontana, L., Wong, W. W., Roberts, S. B., & Ravussin, É. (2013) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.113.065631 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Estimating changes in free-living energy intake and its confidence interval
Hall, K. D., & Chow, C. C. (2011) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.111.014399 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Self-citationHall, K. D., Guo, J., Chen, K. Y., Leibel, R. L., Reitman, M. L., ROSENBAUM, M. S., Smith, S. R., & Ravussin, É. (2018) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqy390 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Self-citationIntra-individual variability and adaptation of overnight- and sleeping metabolic rate
Schoffelen, P. F. M., & Westerterp, K. R. (2007) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.12.013 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Oxyntomodulin analogue increases energy expenditure via the glucagon receptor
Scott, R., MINNION, J. S., Tan, T., & Bloom, S. R. (2018) · Peptides · doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2018.04.008 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Physiology of Energy Expenditure in the Weight‐Reduced State
Ravussin, É., Smith, S. R., & Ferrante, A. W. (2021) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.23095 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Self-citationEriksson, O., Haack, T., Hijazi, Y., Teichert, L., Tavernier, V., Laitinen, I., Berglund, J. E., Antoni, G., Velikyan, I., Johansson, L., et al. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-73815-5 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-citationLam, Y. Y., Redman, L. M., Smith, S. R., Bray, G. A., Greenway, F. L., Johannsen, D. L., & Ravussin, É. (2014) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.113.079566 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Self-citationVISENTIN, R., Schiavon, M., Göbel, B., Riz, M., Cobelli, C., Klabunde, T., & Man, C. D. (2019) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.13939 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationAn objective measure of energy intake using the principle of energy balance
Ravelli, M. N., & Schoeller, D. A. (2021) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/s41366-021-00738-0 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Whytock, K. L., Carnero, E. A., Vega, R. B., Tillner, J., Bock, C., Chivukula, K., Yi, F., Meyer, C., Smith, S. R., & Sparks, L. M. (2021) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.23141 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationInfluence of maximal fat oxidation on long-term weight loss maintenance in humans
Dandanell, S., Husted, K., Amdisen, S., Vigelsø, A., Dela, F., Larsen, S., & Helge, J. W. (2017) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00270.2017 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Effects of 13-Hour Hyperglucagonemia on Energy Expenditure and Hepatic Glucose Production in Humans
Chakravarthy, M. V., Parsons, S. A., Lassman, M. E., Butterfield, K. L., Lee, A. Y. H., Chen, Y., Previs, S. F., Spond, J., Yang, S., Bock, C., et al. (2016) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db16-0746 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Self-citationAllerton, T. D., Carnero, E. Á., Bock, C., Corbin, K. D., Luyet, P., Smith, S. R., & Ravussin, É. (2021) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.23226 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationQuantifying energy intake changes during obesity pharmacotherapy
Göbel, B., Sanghvi, A., & Hall, K. D. (2014) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.20813 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationWhytock, K. L., Corbin, K. D., Parsons, S. A., Pachori, A. S., Bock, C. P., Jones, K. P., Smith, J. S., Yi, F., Xie, H., Petucci, C. J., et al. (2021) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqab027 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationGlucagon and the gut hormones GLP-1 and oxyntomodulin increase resting energy expenditure in man
Bagger, J. I., Holst, J. J., Vilsbøll, T., & Knop, F. K. (2012) · Regulatory Peptides · doi:10.1016/j.regpep.2012.05.020 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Transforming obesity: The advancement of multi-receptor drugs
Kusminski, C. M., Perez-Tilve, D., Müller, T. D., DiMarchi, R. D., Tschöp, M. H., & Scherer, P. E. (2024) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2024.06.003 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Tschöp, M., Nogueiras, R., & Ahrén, B. (2023) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-023-05929-0 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Tirzepatide did not impact metabolic adaptation in people with obesity, but increased fat oxidation
Ravussin, E., Sanchez-Delgado, G., Martin, C. K., Beyl, R. A., Greenway, F. L., O’Farrell, L. S., Roell, W. C., Qian, H.-R., Li, J., Nishiyama, H., et al. (2025) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2025.03.011 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Jakubowska, A., Roux, C. W. L., & Viljoen, A. (2024) · Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.3803/enm.2024.1942 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Sztanek, F., Tóth, L. I., Pető, A., Hernyák, M., Diószegi, Á., & Harangi, M. (2024) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines12061320 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
“In recent years, two glucagon receptor/GLP-1 receptor co-agonists underwent phase II clinical trials in human experiments, namely, SAR425899 and cotadutide [98,99].”
BackgroundWinther, J. B., & Holst, J. J. (2024) · Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.15693 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Gut hormones and appetite regulation
Hong, S.-H., & Choi, K. M. (2024) · Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes & Obesity · doi:10.1097/med.0000000000000859 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Rinella, M. E., & Sookoian, S. C. (2026) · Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1038/s41575-026-01187-8 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Physiology of Weight Regain after Weight Loss: Latest Insights
van Baak, M. A., & Mariman, E. C. M. (2025) · Current Obesity Reports · doi:10.1007/s13679-025-00619-x · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Sarcopenic obesity and weight loss-induced muscle mass loss
Caturano, A., Amaro, A., Berra, C., & Conte, C. (2025) · Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care · doi:10.1097/mco.0000000000001131 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
How ‘miracle’ weight‐loss semaglutide promises to change medicine but can we afford the expense?
Weiskirchen, R., & Lonardo, A. (2025) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/bph.70003 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
The role of incretin receptor agonists in the treatment of obesity
Forst, T. M., Block, C. E. M. D., Prato, S. D., Armani, S., Frías, J. P., Lautenbach, A., Ludvik, B. H., Marinez, M., Mathieu, C., Müller, T. D., et al. (2024) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.15796 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Golubić, R., Kennet, J., Parker, V., Robertson, D. C., Luo, D., Hansen, L. B., Jermutus, L., Ambery, P., Ryaboshapkina, M., Surakala, M., et al. (2024) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.15579 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Metabolic alliance: pharmacotherapy and exercise management of obesity
Butragueño, J., & Ruiz, J. R. (2024) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/s41574-024-01006-7 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Wen, J., Nadora, D., Truong, A., Bernstein, E., How-Volkman, C., Razick, A. A., Razick, D., Karabala, M., & Frezza, E. (2025) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104213 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Epicardial Adipose Tissue—A Novel Therapeutic Target in Obesity Cardiomyopathy
Wiszniewski, K., Grudniewska, A., Szabłowska‐Gadomska, I., Pilichowska‐Paszkiet, E., Zaborska, B., Zgliczyński, W., Dudek, P., Bik, W., Sota, M., & Mrozikiewicz‐Rakowska, B. (2025) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms26167963 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
CagriSema drives weight loss in rats by reducing energy intake and preserving energy expenditure
Jacobsen, J. M., Halling, J. F., Blom, I., Moreno Martinez, J., Hald, B., Pedersen, K., Fels, J. J., Snitker, S., Secher, A., Lundh, S., et al. (2025) · Nature Metabolism · doi:10.1038/s42255-025-01324-8 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Adipose Tissue, at the Core of the Action of Incretin and Glucagon-Based Anti-Obesity Drugs
Villarroya, F., Peyrou, M., & Giralt, M. (2025) · Current Obesity Reports · doi:10.1007/s13679-025-00660-w · Cited by 14 · see citing works
A Mechanistic Rationale for Incretin-Based Therapeutics in the Management of Obesity
Samms, R. J., & Kusminski, C. M. (2024) · Annual Review of Physiology · doi:10.1146/annurev-physiol-022724-105443 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Do anti-obesity medical treatments have a direct effect on adipose tissue?
Vergès, B. L. (2024) · Annales d Endocrinologie · doi:10.1016/j.ando.2024.05.021 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Neff, G. W. (2025) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.70148 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Focus on Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Target: Drugs Approved or Designed to Treat Obesity
Zhang, J., Wei, J., Lai, W., Sun, J., Bai, Y., Cao, H., Guo, J., & Su, Z. (2025) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms26041651 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Efficacy and safety of incretin co-agonists: Transformative advances in cardiometabolic healthcare
Bhat, S., Fernandez, C. J., Lakshmi, V., & Pappachan, J. M. (2025) · World Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.4330/wjc.v17.i8.107991 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
GLP‐1 Receptor Agonists and Weight Loss: A Critical Review of Mechanisms
Rutigliani, G., Cross, T.-W., de Jong, E., Glover, E. S., Mendoza, I. D., Adisa, M., Tomoo, K., Zhou, X., & Mattes, R. D. (2026) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.70148 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Bruna-Mejías, A., Valenzuela‐Fuenzalida, J. J., Oyanedel-Amaro, G., Figueroa-Puig, J., Cabezas-Salgado, J. J., Orellana-Donoso, M., Cifuentes-Suazo, G., & Loro-Ferrer, J. F. (2026) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu18111781 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Bloomgarden, Z. T. (2023) · Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.1111/1753-0407.13379 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Alashqar, M. T., & Nahata, M. C. (2026) · Metabolism and Target Organ Damage · doi:10.20517/mtod.2025.235
Clinical Implications of Resting Metabolic Rate in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Ibe, T., Naser, J. A., Harada, T., Tada, A., DOI, S., Reddy, Y. N. V., Melenovský, V., Jensen, M. D., & Borlaug, B. A. (2026) · Journal of Cardiac Failure · doi:10.1016/j.cardfail.2026.07.014
Mills, A. M., & Noble, E. E. (2026) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2026.108729
Piguet, C. E. M., Nucci, R., & Beaudry, J. L. (2026) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp291081 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Zahorodnii, A., Jelska, A., Głuszyńska, P., Almltashe, L. M. M., & Hady, H. R. (2026) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu18193287
Ard, J. D., & Almandoz, J. P. (2026) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.70228
- Authors
- Corbin, K. D., Carnero, E. A., Allerton, T. D., Tillner, J., Bock, C. P., Luyet, P., Göbel, B., Hall, K. D., Parsons, S. A., Ravussin, E., & Smith, S. R.
- Affiliations
- AdventHealth Orlando (US)
- AdventHealth Translational Research Institute Orlando Florida USA
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center (US)
- Sanofi (Germany) (DE)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (US)
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center Baton Rouge Louisiana USA
- Corresponding author
- Smith, Steven R.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Obesity
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2023-01-25
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 350-362
- ISSN
- 1930-7381 (ISSN-L)
- 1930-739X
- PMC
- PMC9881753
- OpenAlex
- W4317930838
- Cited by
- 32
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 2
- FWCI
- 4.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Obesity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Civil War Book Review (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Sanofi
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Keywords
- GLP-1 receptor agonists, glucagon receptor agonist, metabolic adaptation, sleeping metabolic rate, fat oxidation, ketogenesis, weight loss, calorie-restricted diet, energy expenditure, fat loss
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Energy Metabolism, Female, Humans, Male, Obesity, Oxidation-Reduction, Weight Loss, Receptors, Glucagon, Overweight, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
