Legal, regulatory, and ethical frameworks for development of standards in artificial intelligence (AI) and autonomous robotic surgery

Deep learning

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Dermatologist-level classification of skin cancer with deep neural networks

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Medical error—the third leading cause of death in the US

Makary, M. A., & Daniel, M. (2016) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.i2139 · Cited by 3,264 · see citing works

Robotic Surgery

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Large Scale Multiple Kernel Learning

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The responsibility gap: Ascribing responsibility for the actions of learning automata

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Interactive machine learning for health informatics: when do we need the human-in-the-loop?

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Predicting hepatitis B virus–positive metastatic hepatocellular carcinomas using gene expression profiling and supervised machine learning

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Robot ethics: the ethical and social implications of robotics

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Moral Machines

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Supervised autonomous robotic soft tissue surgery

Shademan, A., Decker, R., Opfermann, J. D., Léonard, S., Krieger, A., & Kim, P. C. W. (2016) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aad9398 · Cited by 626 · see citing works

Transparent, explainable, and accountable AI for robotics

Wachter, S., Mittelstadt, B., & Floridi, L. (2017) · Science Robotics · doi:10.1126/scirobotics.aan6080 · Cited by 413 · see citing works

The SARS Epidemic in Hong Kong: What Lessons have we Learned?

Hung, L. S. (2003) · Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine · doi:10.1177/014107680309600803 · Cited by 380 · see citing works

Prolegomena to any future artificial moral agent

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Evolution of autonomous and semi‐autonomous robotic surgical systems: a review of the literature

Moustris, G. P., Hiridis, S., Deliparaschos, K. M., & Konstantinidis, M. K. (2011) · International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery · doi:10.1002/rcs.408 · Cited by 323 · see citing works

The SARS epidemic in Hong Kong: what lessons have we learned?

Hung, L. S. (2003) · Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine · doi:10.1258/jrsm.96.8.374 · Cited by 264 · see citing works

Ethics of healthcare robotics: Towards responsible research and innovation

Stahl, B. C., & Coeckelbergh, M. (2016) · Robotics and Autonomous Systems · doi:10.1016/j.robot.2016.08.018 · Cited by 235 · see citing works

The evolution of robotic surgery: surgical and anaesthetic aspects

Ashrafian, H., Clancy, O., Grover, V., & Darzi, A. W. (2017) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/aex383 · Cited by 200 · see citing works

SARS: experience at Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong

Tomlinson, B., & Cockram, C. S. (2003) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(03)13218-7 · Cited by 162 · see citing works

Classification of usual interstitial pneumonia in patients with interstitial lung disease: assessment of a machine learning approach using high-dimensional transcriptional data

Kim, S. Y., Diggans, J., Pankratz, D., Huang, J., Pagan, M., Sindy, N., Tom, E., Anderson, J. D., Choi, Y., Lynch, D. A., et al. (2015) · The Lancet Respiratory Medicine · doi:10.1016/s2213-2600(15)00140-x · Cited by 137 · see citing works

Smart Tissue Anastomosis Robot (STAR): A Vision-Guided Robotics System for Laparoscopic Suturing

Léonard, S., Wu, K. L., Kim, Y., Krieger, A., & Kim, P. C. W. (2014) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1109/tbme.2014.2302385 · Cited by 129 · see citing works

Surgical Robotics: Systems Applications and Visions

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Vital, Sophia, and Co.—The Quest for the Legal Personhood of Robots

Pagallo, U. (2018) · Information · doi:10.3390/info9090230 · Cited by 113 · see citing works

Underreporting of Robotic Surgery Complications

Cooper, M. A., Ibrahim, A. M., Lyu, H. G., & Makary, M. A. (2013) · Journal for Healthcare Quality · doi:10.1111/jhq.12036 · Cited by 112 · see citing works

Human-Computer Interaction and Knowledge Discovery (HCI-KDD): What Is the Benefit of Bringing Those Two Fields to Work Together?

Holzinger, A. (2013) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-40511-2_22 · Cited by 109 · see citing works

NHS ransomware attack spreads worldwide

Collier, R. (2017) · Canadian Medical Association Journal · doi:10.1503/cmaj.1095434 · Cited by 91 · see citing works

International Governance of Autonomous Military Robots

Marchant, G. E., Allenby, B., Arkin, R. C., Borenstein, J., Gaudet, L. M., Kittrie, O. F., Lin, P. K., Lucas, G. R., Jr., O’Meara, R. M., & Silberman, J. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9707-1_102 · Cited by 87 · see citing works

A glass-box interactive machine learning approach for solving NP-hard problems with the human-in-the-loop

Holzinger, A., Plass, M., Holzinger, K., Crişan, G. C., Pintea, C.-M., & Palade, V. (2019) · Creative Mathematics and Informatics · doi:10.37193/cmi.2019.02.04 · Cited by 86 · see citing works

Doc at a Distance

Rosen, J., & Hannaford, B. (2006) · IEEE Spectrum · doi:10.1109/mspec.2006.1705774 · Cited by 83 · see citing works

Robotic Endoscopy

Li, Z., & Chiu, P. W. Y. (2018) · Visceral Medicine · doi:10.1159/000486121 · Cited by 75 · see citing works

Cyber attacks: protecting national infrastructure

Amoroso, E. G. (2011) · Cited by 71 · see citing works

Introduction to MAchine Learning & Knowledge Extraction (MAKE)

Holzinger, A. (2017) · Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction · doi:10.3390/make1010001 · Cited by 65 · see citing works

Comparative study of application accuracy of two frameless neuronavigation systems: experimental error assessment quantifying registration methods and clinically influencing factors

Paraskevopoulos, D., Unterberg, A. W., Metzner, R., Dreyhaupt, J., Eggers, G., & Wirtz, C. R. (2011) · Neurosurgical Review · doi:10.1007/s10143-010-0302-5 · Cited by 62 · see citing works

Tactical Driving Behavior With Different Levels of Automation

Kircher, K., Larsson, A. F. L., & Hultgren, J. A. (2013) · IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems · doi:10.1109/tits.2013.2277725 · Cited by 62 · see citing works

Predicting the Long-Term Effects of Human-Robot Interaction: A Reflection on Responsibility in Medical Robotics

Datteri, E. (2011) · Science and Engineering Ethics · doi:10.1007/s11948-011-9301-3 · Cited by 50 · see citing works

Semi-autonomous electrosurgery for tumor resection using a multi-degree of freedom electrosurgical tool and visual servoing

Opfermann, J. D., Léonard, S., Decker, R., Uebele, N. A., Bayne, C. E., Joshi, A. S., & Krieger, A. (2017) · IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) · doi:10.1109/iros.2017.8206210 · Cited by 44 · see citing works

A novel modification of the Turing test for artificial intelligence and robotics in healthcare

Ashrafian, H., Darzi, A. W., & Athanasiou, T. (2014) · International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery · doi:10.1002/rcs.1570 · Cited by 43 · see citing works

Algo-Rhythms and the Beat of the Legal Drum

Pagallo, U. (2017) · Philosophy & Technology · doi:10.1007/s13347-017-0277-z · Cited by 40 · see citing works

Human-Robot Trust

Ullman, D. L., & Malle, B. F. (2017) · ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) · doi:10.1145/3029798.3038423 · Cited by 32 · see citing works

Robotic Surgery: On the Cutting Edge of Ethics

SHARKEY, N. E., & SHARKEY, A. J. C. (2012) · Computer · doi:10.1109/mc.2012.424 · Cited by 29 · see citing works

The Five Robots—A Taxonomy for Roboethics

Steinert, S. (2013) · International Journal of Social Robotics · doi:10.1007/s12369-013-0221-z · Cited by 26 · see citing works

Automated Anatomical Labeling of Bronchial Branches Extracted from CT Datasets Based on Machine Learning and Combination Optimization and Its Application to Bronchoscope Guidance

Mori, K., Ota, S., Deguchi, D., Kitasaka, T., Suenaga, Y., Iwano, S., Hasegawa, Y., Takabatake, H., Mori, M., & Natori, H. (2009) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-04271-3_86 · Cited by 24 · see citing works

From Killer Machines to Doctrines and Swarms, or Why Ethics of Military Robotics Is not (Necessarily) About Robots

Coeckelbergh, M. (2011) · Philosophy & Technology · doi:10.1007/s13347-011-0019-6 · Cited by 22 · see citing works

Semi-autonomous surgical tasks using a miniature in vivo surgical robot

Dumpert, J., Lehman, A. C., Wood, N. A., Oleynikov, D., & Farritor, S. M. (2009) · Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) · doi:10.1109/iembs.2009.5332800 · Cited by 22 · see citing works

Towards a Framework for Alignment Between Automotive Safety and Security Standards

Schmittner, C., & Ma, Z. (2015) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-24249-1_12 · Cited by 20 · see citing works

Can Artificial Intelligences Suffer from Mental Illness? A Philosophical Matter to Consider

Ashrafian, H. (2016) · Science and Engineering Ethics · doi:10.1007/s11948-016-9783-0 · Cited by 20 · see citing works

Tort Liability for Vendors of Insecure Software: Has the Time Finally Come?

Scott, M. D. (2007) · Digital Commons at University of Maryland Carey Law (University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law) · Cited by 19 · see citing works

Intelligent robots must uphold human rights

Ashrafian, H. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/519391a · Cited by 19 · see citing works

"Sophisticated Robots": Balancing Liability, Regulation, and Innovation

Hubbard, F. P. (2014) · Scholar Commons (University of South Carolina) · Cited by 18 · see citing works

Port positioning and docking for single-stage totally robotic dissection for rectal cancer surgery with the Si and Xi Da Vinci Surgical System

Toh, J. W. T., & Kim, S. H. (2017) · Journal of Robotic Surgery · doi:10.1007/s11701-017-0760-7 · Cited by 18 · see citing works

Autonomous Driving

Franke, U. (2017) · doi:10.1002/9781118868065.ch2 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

Ethical reflections on health care robotics

Datteri, E., & Tamburrini, G. (2009) · BOA (University of Milano-Bicocca) · Cited by 10 · see citing works

Defining Autonomy in the Context of Tort Liability: Is Machine Learning Indicative of Robotic Responsibility?Preprint

Sheriff, K. D. (2016) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2735945 · Cited by 7 · see citing works

Autonomous Surgical RobotsPreprint

Britton, D. (2016) · SSRN Electronic Journal · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Tort Liability for Software Developers: A Law & Economics Perspective, 27 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 199 (2009)

Beard, T. R., Ford, G. S., Koutsky, T. M., & Spiwak, L. J. (2009) · UIC Law Open Access Repository (University of Illinois at Chicago) · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Introduction

Pagallo, U. (2013) · Law, governance and technology series · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-6564-1_1 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Parliament

Popa, O. (2017) · European Taxation · doi:10.59403/2847wk6 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Ethical principles for artificial intelligence in education

Nguyen, A., Ngo, H. N., Hong, Y., Dang, B., & Nguyen, B.-P. T. (2023) · Education and Information Technologies · doi:10.1007/s10639-022-11316-w · Cited by 1,228 · see citing works

Privacy and artificial intelligence: challenges for protecting health information in a new era

Murdoch, B. (2021) · BMC Medical Ethics · doi:10.1186/s12910-021-00687-3 · Cited by 991 · see citing works

Explainable artificial intelligence: a comprehensive review

Minh, D., Wang, H. X., Li, Y. F., & Nguyen, T. N. (2022) · Artificial Intelligence Review · doi:10.1007/s10462-021-10088-y · Cited by 983 · see citing works

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Applications in Drug Discovery and Drug Delivery: Revolutionizing Personalized Medicine

Serrano, D. R., Luciano, F. C., Anaya, B. J., Öngoren, B., Kara, A., Molina, G., Ramirez, B. I., Sánchez-Guirales, S. A., Simon, J. A., Tomietto, G., et al. (2024) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics16101328 · Cited by 558 · see citing works

Ethics and governance of trustworthy medical artificial intelligence

Zhang, J., & Zhang, Z.-M. (2023) · BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making · doi:10.1186/s12911-023-02103-9 · Cited by 507 · see citing works

Ethical framework for Artificial Intelligence and Digital technologies

Ashok, M., Madan, R., Joha, A., & Sivarajah, U. (2022) · International Journal of Information Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2021.102433 · Cited by 469 · see citing works

Explainable AI Methods - A Brief Overview

Holzinger, A., Saranti, A., Molnar, C., Biecek, P., & Samek, W. (2022) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-04083-2_2 · Cited by 480 · see citing works

A Systematic Literature Review of User Trust in AI-Enabled Systems: An HCI Perspective

Bach, T. A., Khan, A. N., Hallock, H., Beltrão, G., & Sousa, S. (2022) · International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/10447318.2022.2138826 · Cited by 389 · see citing works

Challenges and strategies for wide-scale artificial intelligence (AI) deployment in healthcare practices: A perspective for healthcare organizations

Esmaeilzadeh, P. (2024) · Artificial Intelligence in Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.artmed.2024.102861 · Cited by 420 · see citing works

Ethical implications of AI and robotics in healthcare: A review

Elendu, C., Amaechi, D. C., Elendu, T. C., Jingwa, K. A., Okoye, O. K., John Okah, M., Ladele, J. A., Farah, A. H., & Alimi, H. A. (2023) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000036671 · Cited by 370 · see citing works

SHIFTing artificial intelligence to be responsible in healthcare: a systematic review

Siala, H., & Wang, Y. (2022) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.114782 · Cited by 358 · see citing works

Shaping the future of healthcare: ethical clinical challenges and pathways to trustworthy AI

Goktas, P., & Grzybowski, A. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm14051605 · Cited by 336 · see citing works

A Systematic Review of Human–Computer Interaction and Explainable Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare With Artificial Intelligence Techniques

Nazar, M., Alam, M. M., Yafi, E., & Su'ud, M. M. (2021) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2021.3127881 · Cited by 312 · see citing works

Perceptions of artificial intelligence in healthcare: findings from a qualitative survey study among actors in France

Laï, M.-C., Brian, M., & Mamzer, M.-F. (2020) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-019-02204-y · Cited by 294 · see citing works

The ethical issues of the application of artificial intelligence in healthcare: a systematic scoping review

Karimian, G., Petelos, E., & Evers, S. (2022) · AI and Ethics · doi:10.1007/s43681-021-00131-7 · Cited by 306 · see citing works

A survey of clinicians on the use of artificial intelligence in ophthalmology, dermatology, radiology and radiation oncology

Scheetz, J., Rothschild, P., McGuinness, M. B., Hadoux, X., Soyer, H. P., Janda, M., Condon, J. J. J., Oakden‐Rayner, L., Palmer, L. J., Keel, S., et al. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-84698-5 · Cited by 277 · see citing works

Autonomy in Surgical Robotics

Attanasio, A., Scaglioni, B., Momi, E. D., Fiorini, P., & Valdastri, P. (2020) · Annual Review of Control Robotics and Autonomous Systems · doi:10.1146/annurev-control-062420-090543 · Cited by 269 · see citing works

Advancements in Robotic Surgery: A Comprehensive Overview of Current Utilizations and Upcoming Frontiers

Reddy, K., Gharde, P., Tayade, H. A., Patil, M., Reddy, L. S., & Surya, D. P. (2023) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.50415 · Cited by 268 · see citing works

Artificial Intelligence in Dermatology Image Analysis: Current Developments and Future Trends

Li, Z., Koban, K. C., Schenck, T. L., Giunta, R. E., Li, Q., & Sun, Y. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm11226826 · Cited by 279 · see citing works

The Integration of Artificial Intelligence into Clinical Practice

Karalis, V. D. (2024) · Applied Biosciences · doi:10.3390/applbiosci3010002 · Cited by 255 · see citing works

A systematic review on artificial intelligence in robot-assisted surgery

Moglia, A., Georgiou, K., Georgiou, E., Satava, R. M., & Cuschieri, A. (2021) · International Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.ijsu.2021.106151 · Cited by 236 · see citing works

The three ghosts of medical AI: Can the black-box present deliver?

Quinn, T. P., Jacobs, S., Senadeera, M., Le, V., & Coghlan, S. (2021) · Artificial Intelligence in Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.artmed.2021.102158 · Cited by 222 · see citing works

The IDEAL framework for surgical robotics: development, comparative evaluation and long-term monitoring

Marcus, H. J., Ramirez, P. T., Khan, D. Z., Horsfall, H. L., HANRAHAN, J. G., Williams, S. C., Beard, D. J., Bhat, R. A., Catchpole, K. C., Cook, A., et al. (2024) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-023-02732-7 · Cited by 213 · see citing works

Defining medical liability when artificial intelligence is applied on diagnostic algorithms: a systematic review

Cestonaro, C., Delicati, A., Marcante, B., Caenazzo, L., & Tozzo, P. (2023) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2023.1305756 · Cited by 231 · see citing works

Artificial Intelligence and Sentiment Analysis: A Review in Competitive Research

Taherdoost, H., & Madanchian, M. (2023) · Computers · doi:10.3390/computers12020037 · Cited by 211 · see citing works

Data Privacy in Healthcare: In the Era of Artificial Intelligence

Yadav, N., Pandey, S., Gupta, A. K., Dudani, P., Gupta, S., & Rangarajan, K. (2023) · Indian Dermatology Online Journal · doi:10.4103/idoj.idoj_543_23 · Cited by 226 · see citing works

Opportunities and challenges of artificial intelligence in the medical field: current application, emerging problems, and problem-solving strategies

Jiang, L., Wu, Z., Xu, X., Zhan, Y., Jin, X., Wang, L., & Qiu, Y. (2021) · Journal of International Medical Research · doi:10.1177/03000605211000157 · Cited by 219 · see citing works

Think with me, or think for me? On the future role of artificial intelligence in marketing strategy formulation

Eriksson, T., Bigi, A., & Bonera, M. (2020) · The TQM Journal · doi:10.1108/tqm-12-2019-0303 · Cited by 193 · see citing works

Robotic ultrasound imaging: State-of-the-art and future perspectives

Jiang, Z., Salcudean, S. E., & Navab, N. (2023) · Medical Image Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.media.2023.102878 · Cited by 190 · see citing works

REVIEWING THE ETHICAL IMPLICATIONS OF AI IN DECISION MAKING PROCESSES

Osasona, F., Amoo, O. O., Atadoga, A., Abrahams, T. O., Farayola, O. A., & Ayinla, B. S. (2024) · International Journal of Management & Entrepreneurship Research · doi:10.51594/ijmer.v6i2.773 · Cited by 188 · see citing works

Accelerating Surgical Robotics Research: A Review of 10 Years With the da Vinci Research Kit

D’Ettorre, C., Mariani, A., Stilli, A., y Baena, F. R., Valdastri, P., Deguet, A., Kazanzides, P., Taylor, R. H., Fischer, G. S., DiMaio, S., et al. (2021) · IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine · doi:10.1109/mra.2021.3101646 · Cited by 163 · see citing works

Ethical management of human-AI interaction: Theory development review

Hammerschmidt, T., Passlack, N., & Posegga, O. (2023) · The Journal of Strategic Information Systems · doi:10.1016/j.jsis.2023.101772 · Cited by 170 · see citing works

Artificial intelligence and robotics: a combination that is changing the operating room

Andras, I., Mazzone, E., van Leeuwen, F. W. B., De Naeyer, G., van Oosterom, M. N., Beato, S., Buckle, T., O’Sullivan, S., van Leeuwen, P. J., Beulens, A., et al. (2020) · World Journal of Urology · doi:10.1007/s00345-019-03037-6 · Cited by 153 · see citing works

Ethical Framework for Harnessing the Power of AI in Healthcare and Beyond

Nasir, S., Khan, R. A., & Bai, S. (2024) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2024.3369912 · Cited by 152 · see citing works

The era of artificial intelligence deception: Unraveling the complexities of false realities and emerging threats of misinformation

Williamson, S. M., & Prybutok, V. (2024) · Information · doi:10.3390/info15060299 · Cited by 146 · see citing works

Understanding artificial intelligence ethics and safetyPreprint

Leslie, D. (2019) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1906.05684 · Cited by 268 · see citing works

Mapping research strands of ethics of artificial intelligence in healthcare: A bibliometric and content analysis

Saheb, T., Saheb, T., & Carpenter, D. O. (2021) · Computers in Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104660 · Cited by 140 · see citing works

Advanced Intelligent Systems for Surgical Robotics

Thai, M. T., Phan, P. T., Hoang, T. T., Wong, S. W., Lovell, N. H., & Do, T. N. (2020) · Advanced Intelligent Systems · doi:10.1002/aisy.201900138 · Cited by 134 · see citing works

AI-Driven Supply Chain Transformation in Industry 5.0: Enhancing Resilience and Sustainability

Wu, H., Liu, J., & Liang, B. (2024) · Journal of the Knowledge Economy · doi:10.1007/s13132-024-01999-6 · Cited by 130 · see citing works

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) post-hoc explainability methods: Risks and limitations in non-discrimination law

Vale, D., El-Sharif, A., & Ali, M. (2022) · AI and Ethics · doi:10.1007/s43681-022-00142-y · Cited by 124 · see citing works

Artificial intelligence in gastric cancer: a systematic review

Jin, P., Ji, X., Kang, W., Li, Y., Liu, H., Ma, F., Ma, S., Hu, H., Li, W., & Tian, Y. (2020) · Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1007/s00432-020-03304-9 · Cited by 117 · see citing works

What influences attitudes about artificial intelligence adoption: Evidence from U.S. local officials

Horowitz, M. C., & Kahn, L. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0257732 · Cited by 108 · see citing works

Artificial Intelligence and Surgery: Ethical Dilemmas and Open Issues

Cobianchi, L., Verde, J. M., Loftus, T. J., Piccolo, D., Mas, F. D., Mascagni, P., Vazquez, A. G., Ansaloni, L., Marseglia, G. R., Massaro, M., et al. (2022) · Journal of the American College of Surgeons · doi:10.1097/xcs.0000000000000242 · Cited by 108 · see citing works

Success Factors of Artificial Intelligence Implementation in Healthcare

Wolff, J., Pauling, J., Keck, A., & Baumbach, J. (2021) · Frontiers in Digital Health · doi:10.3389/fdgth.2021.594971 · Cited by 104 · see citing works

The Ten Commandments of Ethical Medical AI

Muller, H., Mayrhofer, M. T., Van Veen, E.-B., & Holzinger, A. (2021) · Computer · doi:10.1109/mc.2021.3074263 · Cited by 102 · see citing works

Robot-Assisted Medical Imaging: A Review

Salcudean, S. E., Moradi, H., Black, D., & Navab, N. (2022) · Proceedings of the IEEE · doi:10.1109/jproc.2022.3162840 · Cited by 101 · see citing works

Medical artificial intelligence: the European legal perspective

Stöger, K., Schneeberger, D., & Holzinger, A. (2021) · Communications of the ACM · doi:10.1145/3458652 · Cited by 101 · see citing works

Societal Impacts of Artificial Intelligence: Ethical, Legal, and Governance Issues

Qian, Y., Au, K.-S. L., & Nah, F. (2024) · Social impacts · doi:10.1016/j.socimp.2024.100040 · Cited by 82 · see citing works

Specific challenges posed by artificial intelligence in research ethics

Bouhouita-Guermech, S., Gogognon, P., & Bélisle‐Pipon, J. (2023) · Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.3389/frai.2023.1149082 · Cited by 97 · see citing works

Requirements and reliability of AI in the medical context

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A Delphi consensus statement for digital surgery

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Evolution of Surgical Robot Systems Enhanced by Artificial Intelligence: A Review

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The European Legal Framework for Medical AI

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Management of Medico-Legal Risks in Digital Health Era: A Scoping Review

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Artificial intelligence in environmental conservation: evaluating cyber risks and opportunities for sustainable practices

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Integration of artificial intelligence in lung cancer: Rise of the machine

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Autonomous Navigation for Robot-Assisted Intraluminal and Endovascular Procedures: A Systematic Review

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Robotic Surgery: A Narrative Review

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Assessment of Performance, Interpretability, and Explainability in Artificial Intelligence–Based Health Technologies: What Healthcare Stakeholders Need to Know

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Business boosting through sentiment analysis using Artificial Intelligence approach

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Artificial intelligence in perioperative management of major gastrointestinal surgeries

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The underuse of AI in the health sector: Opportunity costs, success stories, risks and recommendations

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Security Considerations in AI-Robotics: A Survey of Current Methods, Challenges, and Opportunities

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High-reward, high-risk technologies? An ethical and legal account of AI development in healthcare

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Interactive Viral Marketing Through Big Data Analytics, Influencer Networks, AI Integration, and Ethical Dimensions

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Computer Vision in the Operating Room: Opportunities and Caveats

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Ethical, Legal, and Financial Considerations of Artificial Intelligence in Surgery

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Artificial intelligence-empowered collection and characterization of microplastics: A review

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Identifying key ethical debates for autonomous robots in agri-food: a research agenda

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Artificial intelligence in pharmaceutical regulatory affairs

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Is it alright to use artificial intelligence in digital health? A systematic literature review on ethical considerations

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Artificial intelligence-assisted esophageal cancer management: Now and future

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Artificial intelligence in thoracic surgery: past, present, perspective and limits

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Moral Awareness of College Students Regarding Artificial Intelligence

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Knowledge, attitude, and practice of artificial intelligence in emergency and trauma surgery, the ARIES project: an international web-based survey

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Deep Learning Based Image Processing for Robot Assisted Surgery: A Systematic Literature Survey

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Considering a Unified Model of Artificial Intelligence Enhanced Social Work: A Systematic Review

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Developing a Curriculum for Ethical and Responsible AI: A University Course on Safety, Fairness, Privacy, and Ethics to Prepare Next Generation of AI Professionals

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Ethical implications of AI in the Metaverse

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The Transformative Role of Artificial Intelligence in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery: Challenges and Opportunities

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Autonomous Robotic Surgery: Has the Future Arrived?

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Advances in the Application of AI Robots in Critical Care: Scoping Review

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Compensatory motion scaling for time-delayed robotic surgery

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Coverage of ethics within the artificial intelligence and machine learning academic literature: The case of disabled people

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The Different Faces of AI Ethics Across the World: A Principle-to-Practice Gap Analysis

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Possibilities and ethical issues of entrusting nursing tasks to robots and artificial intelligence

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A Dexterous Robotic System for Autonomous Debridement of Osteolytic Bone Lesions in Confined Spaces: Human Cadaver Studies

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Rethinking Autonomous Surgery: Focusing on Enhancement over Autonomy

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LEGAL CHALLENGES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ROBOTICS: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

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Good systems, bad data?: Interpretations of AI hype and failures

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The use and future perspective of Artificial Intelligence—A survey among German surgeons

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Many hands make many fingers to point: challenges in creating accountable AI

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Surgical training fit for the future: the need for a change

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Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: How to Develop and Implement Safe, Ethical and Trustworthy AI Systems

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A review on the application of autonomous and intelligent robotic devices in medical rehabilitation

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Category – Robotic Surgery

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THE FUTURE IS NOW: ROBOTS AS SURGEONS THE ADOPTION OF SURGICAL SAFETY STANDARDS TO ROBOTIC SURGERY

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Legal, regulatory and ethical frameworks or standards for AI and autonomous robotic surgery

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When The Surgeon Becomes the System: Legal and Ethical Accountability in Ai-Guided Robotic Surgery

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The Sovereign Responsibility Model: Ethical and Legal Governance in Predictive Robotic Surgery (N-O-J-I-2026 Governance Series)

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