The strategy process, middle management involvement, and organizational performance
Abstract
This paper reports the results of a study investigating the strategic involvement of middlelevel managers in 20 organizations. The results suggest that involvement in the formation of strategy is associated with improved organizational performance. Consensus among middle‐level managers, defined as strategic understanding and commitment, is related to involvement in the strategic process but not to organizational performance. Implications for research and the management of the strategic process are discussed.
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Research has shown that alignment among multiple leadership levels matters.
“Although most leadership research has focused on individual leaders, studies have demonstrated the importance of alignment across multiple levels of leadership (Hunt, 1991; O’Reilly, Caldwell, Chatman, Lapiz, & Self, 2010; Wooldridge & Floyd, 1990).”
From The Roles of System and Organizational Leadership in System-Wide Evidence-Based Intervention Sustainment: A Mixed-Method Study (2016) · cites this paper as Wooldridge & Floyd, 1990
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- Authors
- Wooldridge, B., & Floyd, S. W.
- Affiliations
- University of Massachusetts Amherst (US)
- Venue
- Strategic Management Journal
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1990-03
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 231-241
- ISSN
- 0143-2095 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-0266
- OpenAlex
- W2124210013
- Cited by
- 883
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 38 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 40 · 2014: 43 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 49
- FWCI
- 23.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Strategic Management Journal (publishedVersion)
- Alexandria (UniSG) (University of St.Gallen) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Management and Organizational Practices
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Organizational Strategy and Culture
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Management of Technology and Innovation › Organizational Management and Leadership
- Keywords
- strategic process, organizational performance, strategic consensus, strategic commitment, strategic management
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