The DOI matches its Crossref record; 56 of the 58 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Stakeholders, reciprocity, and firm performance
Open accessAbstract
The assumption that economic actors behave in a boundedly self‐interested manner promises fruitful new insights for strategic management. A growing literature spanning multiple disciplines indicates most actors' selfish utility maximizing behaviors are bounded by norms of fairness. Rather than being purely self‐interested, people behave reciprocally by rewarding others whose actions they deem fair and willingly incurring costs to punish those they deem unfair. Economists show that employers who are perceived as distributionally fair by their employees generate comparatively more value due to the positively reciprocal behavior of those employees. The organizational justice literature distinguishes two additional types of fairness assessed by employees. Drawing from both these bodies of work, we employ stakeholder theory to propose how perceptions of fairness result in reciprocity (1) extending to all stakeholders of the firm and (2) affecting firm performance. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“As a consequence, theories that include fairness are better equipped to explain behavior in contexts of dispersed control than existing theories of rational behavior (Bosse et al. 2009).”
From Stakeholder marketing: theoretical foundations and required capabilities (2015) · cites this paper as Bosse et al. 2009
In the citing paper
“Instead, based on literature on stakeholder relations (Maignan and Ferrell 2004;Bosse et al. 2009;Choi and Wang 2009;Surroca et al. 2010), we expect their impact to be long-term and indirect.”
From Stakeholder marketing: theoretical foundations and required capabilities (2015) · cites this paper as Bosse et al. 2009
In the citing paper
“Therefore, stakeholders can be expected to optimize self-interest under constraints of fairness (Bosse et al. 2009).”
From Stakeholder marketing: theoretical foundations and required capabilities (2015) · cites this paper as Bosse et al. 2009
Citations
Cites
Economic Action and Social Structure: The Problem of Embeddedness
Granovetter, M. (1985) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/228311 · Cited by 28,745
Research in Organizational Behavior
Hammer, E. R., Cummings, L. L., & Staw, B. M. (1984) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.2307/258300 · Cited by 11,176
The Evolution of Reciprocal Altruism
Trivers, R. L. (1971) · The Quarterly Review of Biology · doi:10.1086/406755 · Cited by 11,010
The Economic Institutions of Capitalism
(1986) · The Antitrust Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0003603x8603100308 · Cited by 10,978
Adams, J. S. (1965) · Advances in Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60108-2 · Cited by 10,818
Social Exchange Theory: An Interdisciplinary Review
Cropanzano, R., & Mitchell, M. S. (2005) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206305279602 · Cited by 10,068
The Social Psychology of Procedural Justice
Lind, E. A., & Tyler, T. R. (1988) · Critical Issues in Social Justice · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-2115-4 · Cited by 6,585
Justice at the millennium: A meta-analytic review of 25 years of organizational justice research.
Colquitt, J. A., Conlon, D. E., Wesson, M. J., Porter, C. O. L. H., & Ng, K. Y. (2001) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.425 · Cited by 5,942
The Stakeholder Theory of the Corporation: Concepts, Evidence, and Implications
Donaldson, T., & Preston, L. E. (1995) · The Academy of Management Review · doi:10.2307/258887 · Cited by 5,846
WHAT'S IN A NAME? REPUTATION BUILDING AND CORPORATE STRATEGY.
Fombrun, C. J., & Shanley, M. T. (1990) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.2307/256324 · Cited by 5,429
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 58 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 6
- Becker L, 1986, Reciprocity
- Bies RJ, 1986, Justice in the Workplace, 197
- 2007, Patience, fairness and the human condition, Economist, 94
- 10.2307/259074 · DOI
- Leventhal GS, 1980, Justice and Social Interaction, 167
- Rawls J, 1999, Collected Papers: John Rawls, 190
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 501–558 of 558
SUSTAINABILITY ACTVITIES CSR ON SOCIAL MEDIA AND ENGAGING STAKEHOLDERS : CONSUMER PERSPECTIVE
Lestari, A. P., & Areifianto, M. D. (2022) · Assets Jurnal Ekonomi Manajemen dan Akuntansi · doi:10.24252/assets.v1i1.28817
Selling to “the man”: How dependence on sales to the government affects new venture performance
Sproul, C. R., Jiang, D. S., Marvel, M. R., & Carnes, A. M. (2022) · Journal of Small Business Management · doi:10.1080/00472778.2022.2111436
(2022) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781394165339.refs
The Influence Factors of Third Party Justice and Its Enlightenment to Public Management
吴, 玄. (2022) · Advances in Social Sciences · doi:10.12677/ass.2022.1110582
Dimensión comunicativa del buen gobierno empresarial
Gutiérrez, E. (2016) · Revista Empresa y Humanismo · doi:10.15581/015.13.4304
Torsello, D. (2023) · Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks · doi:10.4337/9781803927954.00012
IMPLEMENTATION OF TURNAROUND STRATEGIES AND ORGANIZATIONAL ISTAKEHOLDERS' IMPACT
Akpoviroro, K. S., Amos, A. O., & Oladimeji, O. A. (2023) · Globalization the State and the Individual · doi:10.5604/01.3001.0053.7998
Profit and Other Values: Thick Evaluation in Decision Making
van der Linden, B., & Freeman, R. E. (2023) · Issues in business ethics · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-04564-6_43
How to mobilize owner-dynamic capabilities in megaprojects? A tripartite evolutionary game approach
Tian, Z., He, Q., & Wang, T. (2023) · Engineering Construction & Architectural Management · doi:10.1108/ecam-04-2023-0323
(2024) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/978-1-83753-312-120231007
Understanding strategic stakeholder management
Tommaso, S. F. N. D. (2024) · doi:10.11606/t.12.2024.tde-12032024-114430
Buffering the adverse effects of social nonmarket strategy on corporate financial performance
Doyle, J. D., & Parnell, J. A. (2024) · Journal of Ethics in Entrepreneurship and Technology · doi:10.1108/jeet-04-2024-0008
Yang, Q., Wang, C., & Jiang, H. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4876929
Justice in a Cooperative Enterprise: The Case of Brazilian Justa Trama
dos Santos, Í. A. T., & Gomes, V. P. D. M. (2024) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/978-1-83797-611-920241009
Robinson, R. M. (2024) · Springer texts in business and economics · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-63122-1_10
6th International Conference on Advanced Research Methods and Analytics - CARMA 2024
Conference, C., Domenech, J., Vicente, M. R., & de Pedraza, P. (2024) · doi:10.4995/carma2024.2024.19017
Corporations as Communicative Moral Agents
de Pedro, J. M. L. (2025) · Management and industrial engineering · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-82054-0_4
Leveraging Contractual Knowledge to Create and Preserve Value
Bird, R. C. (2025) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009596664.011
From Stakeholders to Publics: Navigating Competing Institutional Logics and Segmentation ChallengesPreprint
Xu, S. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5193545
Redefining Firms in a Crisis Era: A Conceptual Framework for a Humanistic Approach Post-COVID-19
Carlo, E. D., & Cervi, S. (2025) · Humanistic Management Journal · doi:10.1007/s41463-025-00209-y
Chen, S., Huan, J., Li, D., Li, J., & Yin, X. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5254989
Verhaltenswissenschftliche Ansätze und (Völker-)Recht
van Aaken, A. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-42592-0_10-1
Boukhari, S., Jebli-Chrifi, H., & Benmhalla, Z. (2025) · Gestion et management public · doi:10.3917/e.gmp.124.0051
How Does Firm Size Influence Nonmarket Strategy? Evidence From the United Kingdom
Parnell, J. A., & O’Regan, N. (2025) · Strategic Change · doi:10.1002/jsc.2680
QUO VADIS OF INDONESIAN ISLAMIC BANKING: A DELPHI STUDY
Ubaidi, A., Mawardi, I., Rosyidi, L. N., & Zakaria, N. B. (2025) · Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam (Journal of Islamic Economics and Business) · doi:10.20473/jebis.v11i1.66578
Social-Group Framing: Shaping Regulations in an Open Regulatory EnvironmentPreprint
Wang, J. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5399958
Media approval and CSP–CFP translation: the role of institutional development in an emerging market
Wen, L., Yang, J. Y., & Li, W. H. (2025) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2025.115636
Aligning market and nonmarket strategy to enhance performance
Parnell, J. A., Troilo, M., & Oglesby, M. T. (2025) · International journal of organizational analysis · doi:10.1108/ijoa-03-2025-5354
Distributing Value to Stakeholders across Industries: Influences of Power and Strategic Importance
de Araújo, M. M., Jhunior, R. D. O. S., Uchôa, M. T., Mello, A. A. D. R., & Boaventura, J. M. G. (2025) · BAR - Brazilian Administration Review · doi:10.1590/1807-7692bar2025240216
Gond, J., & Badih, K. (2025) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-025-06157-9 · Cited by 1
Sustainability and Ethical Responsibility
Bhimavarapu, U. (2025) · Advances in computational intelligence and robotics book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3373-2843-0.ch007
Stakeholder Satisfaction Interdependencies in 10-K Reports
Luo, Y., Frank, M. R., & Lera, S. C. (2026) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-026-06265-0
Duah, E., Yunfei, S., Djimesah, I. E., Kwarteng, J. N., Okine, A. N. D., Essel, J. F., & Osei, A. (2026) · Journal of the Knowledge Economy · doi:10.1007/s13132-026-03221-1
Olatoye, F. J., Hughes, M., Hu, Q., & Sode, O. (2026) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.6463736
Olatoye, F. J., Hughes, M., Hu, Q., & Sode, O. (2026) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.6463759
Marc, M., Bilynets, I., Ifko, S., & Ponikvar, N. (2026) · Heritage & Society · doi:10.1080/2159032x.2026.2644143
Beyond coal: When can outsider stakeholders drive transformative change?
Schifeling, T., Lyon, T. P., & Vasi, I. B. (2026) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/smj.70087
Tasavori, M., Zaefarian, R., & Kumar, N. (2026) · Business Strategy and the Environment · doi:10.1002/bse.70798
Watomakuiza, N. (2026) · Research Society and Development · doi:10.33448/rsd-v15i4.50928
Verhaltenswissenschaftliche Ansätze und (Völker-)Recht
van Aaken, A. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-50236-2_10
Lahouel, B. B., Taleb, L., & Dubocage, E. (2026) · International Review of Economics & Finance · doi:10.1016/j.iref.2026.105403
Property Rights Theory, Justice, and Reciprocity
Bosse, D. A., & Phillips, R. A. (2026) · Journal of Management Studies · doi:10.1111/joms.70119
Self-citationThe Capability Model in Relation to Work
van der Klink, J., & Rothmann, S. (2026) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009600576.002
The Capability Approach in Relation to Contributive Justice
van der Klink, J. (2026) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009600576.005
Stakeholder Governance and Inequality: A Theory of Reciprocal Exchange
Pavlisa, K., Harvey, W. S., & Doh, J. P. (2026) · Organization Theory · doi:10.1177/26317877261456299
Benischke, M. H., & Bhaskarabhatla, A. (2026) · Journal of Management Studies · doi:10.1111/joms.70115
Wu, X., Guo, Y., Qin, L., & Wang, G. (2026) · Engineering Construction & Architectural Management · doi:10.1108/ecam-09-2025-1495
Lányi, B., & Fésü, F. (2026) · Vezetéstudomány / Budapest Management Review · doi:10.14267/veztud.2026.07-08.04
Managing Social Impact: An Integrated Approach and Research Agenda
Kaul, A., Luo, J., & Singh, J. (2026) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.2023.17597 · Cited by 9
Stakeholder Theory Beyond Humanism: Categorizing Nonhuman Nature Stakeholders
Heikkinen, A., Kujala, J., & Sachs, S. R. (2026) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-026-06405-6
The Hidden Costs of Divestitures – Implications for the Commitment of the Remaining Employees
Hennig, J. C., Lang, M., Brill, L., Loth, N., & Wolff, M. (2026) · Journal of Management Studies · doi:10.1111/joms.70149 · Cited by 1
How do project leaders respond to extra-scope requirements: the case of talent management
Foroutan, S., Rezania, D., & Butlin, R. (2026) · Leadership & Organization Development Journal · doi:10.1108/lodj-11-2025-1049
Developing Stakeholder‐Oriented Strategic Positions: The Stakeholder Advantage Strategy
Tommaso, S. F. N. D., & Borini, F. M. (2026) · Business Strategy & Development · doi:10.1002/bsd2.70419
A welfare economics approach to stakeholders’ theory
Garcés–Galdeano, L., Arribas, E. H., & Fumás, V. S. (2026) · Review of Social Economy · doi:10.1080/00346764.2026.2736233
Botha, H., Kaufmann, L., & Freeman, R. E. (2026) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-026-06482-7
Metadata
- Authors
- Bosse, D. A., Phillips, R. A., & Harrison, J. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Richmond (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bosse, Douglas A.
- Venue
- Strategic Management Journal
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2008-11-24
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 447-456
- ISSN
- 0143-2095 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-0266
- OpenAlex
- W2146209612
- Cited by
- 558
- References
- 58
- Citations by year
- 2026: 33 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 43 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 46 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 45 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 36 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 34 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 31.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- autopapers.ssrn.com
- Locations
- Strategic Management Journal (publishedVersion)
- SSRN Electronic Journal (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies
- Keywords
- reciprocity, fairness, stakeholder theory, firm performance, organizational justice, distributive fairness, procedural justice, perceived fairness, employee behavior, stakeholder perspectives
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review