The role of electric vehicles in smart grids
Open accessAbstract
The electrification of transportation is seen as one of the solutions to challenges such as global warming, sustainability, and geopolitical concerns on the availability of oil. From the perspective of power systems, an introduction of plug‐in electric vehicles presents many challenges but also opportunities to the operation and planning of power systems. On the one hand, if vehicles are considered regular loads without flexibility, uncontrolled charging can lead to problems at different network levels endangering secure operation of installed assets. However, with direct or indirect control approaches the charging of vehicles can be managed in a desirable way, e.g., shifted to low‐load hours. Furthermore, vehicles can be used as distributed storage resources to contribute to ancillary services for the system, such as frequency regulation and peak‐shaving power or help integrate fluctuating renewable resources. All these modes of operation need appropriate regulatory frameworks and market design if the flexibility of the vehicles is to be capitalized. In most of the proposed approaches, a so‐called aggregator could be in charge of directly or indirectly controlling the charging of vehicles and serve as an interface with other entities such as the transmission system operator or energy service providers. However, fully decentralized schemes without an aggregator are also conceivable, for instance, to provide primary frequency control. Communication also plays a key role, as in most of the control schemes a significant amount of information needs to be transmitted between vehicles and control entities. The management of electric vehicles as distributed resources fits well in the paradigm of smart grids, where an advanced use of communication technologies and metering infrastructure, increased controllability and load flexibility, and a larger share of fluctuating and distributed resources are foreseen. This article is categorized under: Energy Infrastructure > Economics and Policy Energy Systems Economics > Systems and Infrastructure Energy Systems Analysis > Systems and Infrastructure
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Battery EVs are typically not used for more than a fraction of the day, allowing them to act as energy storage for the grid at other times.
“Battery EVs are typically not used for more than a fraction of the day, allowing them to act as energy storage for the grid at other times, where charging and discharging is controlled for example by price signals [265] (see Sections 2.1.1 and 2.2).”
From Tackling climate change with machine learning (2023) · cites this paper as [265]
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- Authors
- Galus, M. D., Vayá, M. G., Krause, T., & Andersson, G.
- Affiliations
- ETH Zurich (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Vayá, Marina González
- Venue
- WIREs Energy and Environment
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-10-17
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 384-400
- ISSN
- 2041-8396 (ISSN-L)
- 2041-840X
- OpenAlex
- W1479671898
- Cited by
- 129
- References
- 79
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 4.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- zenodo.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Energy and Environment (publishedVersion)
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Smart Grid Energy Management
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Electric Power System Optimization
- Keywords
- electric vehicles, smart grid, vehicle-to-grid, charging management, load flexibility, distributed energy resources, ancillary services, frequency regulation, peak shaving, renewable energy integration, aggregators, decentralized control, primary frequency control, communication infrastructure, market design, power system operation
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