Cited by 17Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchNeural dynamics and brain functionMemory and Neural Mechanisms

Molecular mechanisms underlying neuronal synaptic plasticity: systems biology meets computational neuroscience in the wilds of synaptic plasticity

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Blackwell, Kim T., Jedrzejewska‐Szmek, Joanna·2013·WIREs Systems Biology and Medicine

Abstract

Interactions among signaling pathways that are activated by transmembrane receptors produce complex networks and emergent dynamical behaviors that are implicated in synaptic plasticity. Temporal dynamics and spatial aspects are critical determinants of cell responses such as synaptic plasticity, although the mapping between spatiotemporal activity pattern and direction of synaptic plasticity is not completely understood. Computational modeling of neuronal signaling pathways has significantly contributed to understanding signaling pathways underlying synaptic plasticity. Spatial models of signaling pathways in hippocampal neurons have revealed mechanisms underlying the spatial distribution of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) activation in hippocampal neurons. Other spatial models have demonstrated that the major role of anchoring proteins in striatal and hippocampal synaptic plasticity is to place molecules near their activators. Simulations of yet other models have revealed that the spatial distribution of synaptic plasticity may differ for potentiation versus depression. In general, the most significant advances have been made by interactive modeling and experiments; thus, an interdisciplinary approach should be applied to investigate critical issues in neuronal signaling pathways. These issues include identifying which transmembrane receptors are key for activating ERK in neurons, and the crucial targets of kinases that produce long-lasting synaptic plasticity. Although the number of computer programs for computationally efficient simulation of large reaction-diffusion networks is increasing, parameter estimation and sensitivity analysis in these spatial models remain more difficult than in single compartment models. Advances in live cell imaging coupled with further software development will continue to accelerate the development of spatial models of synaptic plasticity.

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Crossref · 10.1002/wsbm.1240

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  • Local translation of messenger RNAs at or near synapses is a critical mechanism for maintaining persistent changes in synaptic strength and for memory consolidation.

    “This local translation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) at or near synapses is a critical mechanism for maintaining persistent changes in synaptic strength and for memory consolidation (Figure 5).”

    From Molecular Physiology of the Neuronal Synapse (2026) · cites this paper as [71]

    In “What are critical targets of kinases for LTP and memory” (page unavailable), the review describes local dendritic translation and a model in which locally synthesized CaMKII may help sustain long-lasting synaptic plasticity. It also states that long-term memories require protein synthesis, but does not establish that translation specifically at or near synapses is critical for memory consolidation. The claim presents an open mechanistic question as a settled conclusion. (LLM, conf=0.85)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Early phases of LTP (E-LTP) are mediated by post-translational modifications in existing proteins and occur independently of protein synthesis.

    “While early phases of LTP (E-LTP) are mediated by post-translational modifications in existing proteins and occur independently of protein synthesis, the long-lasting forms of synaptic plasticity, including late-phase LTP (L-LTP) and LTD, require new local protein synthesis within dendrites, a process where specificity is determined by RNA-binding proteins and activity-dependent capture [71,72].”

    From Molecular Physiology of the Neuronal Synapse (2026) · cites this paper as [71]

    In “What are critical targets of kinases for LTP and memory” (page unavailable), the paper describes phosphorylation associated with LTP and says long-lasting LTP requires protein synthesis. Its discussion of synaptic tagging says stimulation may produce only early-phase LTP, but it does not establish that E-LTP is mediated by modifications of existing proteins or occurs independently of protein synthesis. (LLM, conf=0.78)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Long-lasting forms of synaptic plasticity, including late-phase LTP (L-LTP) and LTD, require new local protein synthesis within dendrites, with specificity determined by RNA-binding proteins and activity-dependent capture.

    “While early phases of LTP (E-LTP) are mediated by post-translational modifications in existing proteins and occur independently of protein synthesis, the long-lasting forms of synaptic plasticity, including late-phase LTP (L-LTP) and LTD, require new local protein synthesis within dendrites, a process where specificity is determined by RNA-binding proteins and activity-dependent capture [71,72].”

    From Molecular Physiology of the Neuronal Synapse (2026) · cites this paper as [71]

    In “What are critical targets of kinases for LTP and memory” (page unavailable), the paper says long-lasting LTP requires protein synthesis, describes local dendritic translation, and presents synaptic tagging and capture as a hypothesis for spatial specificity. It discusses CPEB1 as a regulator of translation, but does not say RNA-binding proteins determine that specificity or establish that long-lasting LTD generally requires local dendritic synthesis. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Parameter estimation and sensitivity analysis in spatial models (reaction-diffusion networks) remain significantly more difficult than in single-compartment models.

    “However, parameter estimation and sensitivity analysis in spatial models (reaction-diffusion networks) remain significantly more difficult than in single-compartment models [71].”

    From Molecular Physiology of the Neuronal Synapse (2026) · cites this paper as [71]

  • Glycine receptors are ligand-gated chloride channels that mediate fast inhibitory neurotransmission, predominantly in the spinal cord and brainstem, but also play roles in embryonic brain development, learning, memory, and pain sensitization.

    “Glycine receptors (GlyRs) are ligand-gated chloride channels that mediate fast inhibitory neurotransmission, predominantly in the spinal cord and brainstem, but also play roles in embryonic brain development, learning, memory, and pain sensitization. 71”

    From Molecular Physiology of the Neuronal Synapse (2026) · cites this paper as [71]

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. [5]Malenka RC Bear MF LTP and LTD: an embarrassment of riches Neuron 2004 44 5 21 15450156
  2. [53]Kim M Colocalization of PKA with adenylyl cyclase enhances PKA activity during L-LTP induction PLoS Comput Biol 2011 7 e1002085 21738458 PMC3127802

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Authors
Blackwell, K. T., & Jedrzejewska‐Szmek, J.
Affiliations
  • George Mason University (US)
  • Molecular Neuroscience Department The Krasnow Institute for Advanced Studies, George Mason University Fairfax VA USA
Corresponding author
Blackwell, Kim T.
Venue
WIREs Systems Biology and Medicine
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2013-09-09
Volume
5
Issue
6
Pages
717-731
ISSN
  • 1939-005X (ISSN-L)
  • 1939-5094
OpenAlex
W2146433357
Cited by
17
References
112
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1
FWCI
0.10
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • WIREs Systems Biology and Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Institutes of Health (NIH R01 AA18066)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
Keywords
synaptic plasticity, neuronal signaling pathways, reaction-diffusion networks, ERK activation, hippocampal neurons, anchoring proteins, synaptic potentiation and depression, transmembrane receptors, computational modeling of signaling, parameter estimation, sensitivity analysis, live-cell imaging
MeSH terms
Animals, Computer Simulation, Humans, Models, Neurological, Synaptic Transmission, Neuronal Plasticity, Software, MAP Kinase Signaling System, Systems Biology

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