Reopening the Mental Imagery Debate: Lessons from Functional Anatomy
Abstract
Over the past few years, the neural bases of mental imagery have been both a topic of intense debate and a domain of extensive investigations using either PET or fMRI that have provided new insights into the cortical anatomy of this cognitive function. Several studies have in fact demonstrated that there exist types of mental imagery that do not rely on primary/early visual areas, whereas a consensus now exists on the validity of the dorsal/ventral-route model in the imagery domain. More importantly, these studies have provided evidence that, in addition to higher order visual areas, mental imagery shares common brain areas with other major cognitive functions, such as language, memory, and movement, depending on the nature of the imagery task. This body of recent results indicates that there is no unique mental imagery cortical network; rather, it reflects the high degree of interaction between mental imagery and other cognitive functions.
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Mental imagery is complex and necessarily involves distributed neural systems.
“Moreover, mental imagery is surely a complex process that must involve distributed neural systems (Mellet et al., 1998; Handy et al., 2004; Mechelli et al., 2004; Sack et al., 2008).”
From Mental imagery of speech and movement implicates the dynamics of internal forward models (2010) · cites this paper as Mellet et al., 1998
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Mental Imagery of Faces and Places Activates Corresponding Stimulus-Specific Brain Regions
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“Much of this debate has focused on the question of whether retinotopic visual areas are engaged during visual imagery (Chen et al., 1998; Kosslyn et al., 1993; Le Bihan et al., 1993) or not (Mellet, Petit, Mazoyer, Denis, & Tzourio, 1998; Mellet, Tzourio, Denis, & Mazoyer, 1998; D’ Esposito et al., 1997; Roland & Guly…”
BackgroundEvaluation of the dual route theory of reading: a metanalysis of 35 neuroimaging studies
Jobard, G., Crivello, F., & Tzourio-Mazoyer, N. (2003) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/s1053-8119(03)00343-4 · Cited by 973 · see citing works
Mazoyer, B., Zago, L., Mellet, E., Bricogne, S., Etard, O., Houdé, O., Crivello, F., Joliot, M., Petit, L., & Tzourio-Mazoyer, N. (2001) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(00)00437-8 · Cited by 906 · see citing works
“These cortical areas, which are different but in the vicinity of occipital areas involved during visual mental imagery [43,44,58], are singular in that they do not belong to the unimodal associative cortex, such as those involved in visual mental imagery, but rather to the high-order heteromodal associative cortex [47…”
BackgroundSelf-citationThe Role of Area 17 in Visual Imagery: Convergent Evidence from PET and rTMS
Kosslyn, S. M., Pascual‐Leone, Á., Félician, O., Camposano, S. E., Keenan, J. P., L., W., Thompson, Ganis, G., Sukel, K. E., & Alpert, N. M. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.284.5411.167 · Cited by 747 · see citing works
Mental imagery: In search of a theory
Pylyshyn, Z. W. (2002) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x02000043 · Cited by 728 · see citing works
Brain activity during visual versus kinesthetic imagery: An fMRI study
Guillot, A., Collet, C., Nguyen, V. A., Malouin, F., Richards, C. L., & Doyon, J. (2008) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.20658 · Cited by 587 · see citing works
“…results show that superior occipital and parietal regions, which are known to be involved in spatial mental imagery and mental navigation even in the absence of any visual input [Mellet et al., 1998], may also participate to the mental representation of specific body part movement during VI.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialDistributed Neural Systems for the Generation of Visual Images
Ishai, A., Ungerleider, L. G., & Haxby, J. V. (2000) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)00168-9 · Cited by 579 · see citing works
Mental imaging of motor activity in humans
Jeannerod, M., & Frak, V. (1999) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0959-4388(99)00038-0 · Cited by 561 · see citing works
When That Tune Runs Through Your Head: A PET Investigation of Auditory Imagery for Familiar Melodies
Halpern, A. R. (1999) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/9.7.697 · Cited by 536 · see citing works
“But as Mellet and co-workers have pointed out, the degree of lateralization may depend on both the complexity of the task (leading to more right-sided activation) and nameability of the stimuli (leading to more left-sided activation) (Mellet et al., 1998).”
BackgroundWhere Bottom-up Meets Top-down: Neuronal Interactions during Perception and Imagery
Mechelli, A. (2004) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhh087 · Cited by 480 · see citing works
“Moreover, the precuneus was activated in numerous imagery studies, irrespective of the content (Fletcher et al., 1995; Mellet et al., 1998; Ishai et al., 2000b, 2002).”
BackgroundImagining predictions: mental imagery as mental emulation
Moulton, S. T., & Kosslyn, S. M. (2009) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2008.0314 · Cited by 421 · see citing works
“For example, neuroimaging studies have revealed that most of the perceptual regions activated by mental imagery also become active during episodic retrieval, and do so in a modality-specific manner (for reviews, see Mellet et al .”
BackgroundNeural Correlates of Simple and Complex Mental Calculation
Zago, L., Pesenti, M., Mellet, E., Crivello, F., Mazoyer, B. M., & Tzourio‐Mazoyer, N. (2001) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.2000.0697 · Cited by 412 · see citing works
Self-citationDuration of Mentally Simulated Movement: A Review
Guillot, A., & Collet, C. (2005) · Journal of Motor Behavior · doi:10.3200/jmbr.37.1.10-20 · Cited by 367 · see citing works
“Neurological data have provided converging evidence that imagined and executed movements share the same neural substrate (for reviews, see Mellet et al., 1998; Thompson & Kosslyn, 2000).”
Kosslyn, S. M. (2004) · Cognitive Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/02643290442000130 · Cited by 362 · see citing works
“More likely is the possibility that there is more than one way to form images, and that different mechanisms may be called into play in different circumstances (for similar views, see Mazard, Tzourio-Mazoyer, Crivello, Mazoyer, & Mellet, 2004; Mellet et al., 1998).”
BackgroundReturn of the mental image: are there really pictures in the brain?
Pylyshyn, Z. W. (2003) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/s1364-6613(03)00003-2 · Cited by 355 · see citing works
Cultural neuroscience of the self: understanding the social grounding of the brain
Kitayama, S., & Park, J. (2010) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsq052 · Cited by 335 · see citing works
“Cultural neuroscience of the self: understanding the social grounding of the brain”
BackgroundBoly, M., Coleman, M. R., Davis, M. H., Hampshire, A., Bor, D., Moonen, G., Maquet, P., Pickard, J. D., Laureys, S., & Owen, A. M. (2007) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.02.047 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
“Occipito-parietal regions (precuneus and cuneus) ( Mellet et al., 1996, 1998, 2000a, b) and bilateral angular gyri/occipital cortex junctions (Aguirre et al., 1996; Maguire et al., 1997; Ino et al., 2002) have also been reported to be activated during mental navigation in a number of previous studies.”
ResultBartolomeo, P. (2002) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/s0010-9452(08)70665-8 · Cited by 275 · see citing works
“7In agreement with lesion neuropsychology, also PET and fMRI studies (recently reviewed by Mellet et al., 1998) often failed to demonstrate an increase of occipital activity during visual mental imagery.”
BackgroundThe Effects of Mental Practice in Stroke Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review
Braun, S. M., Beurskens, A. J. H. M., Borm, P. J. A., Schack, T., & Wade, D. T. (2006) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2006.02.034 · Cited by 272 · see citing works
Mental imagery of speech and movement implicates the dynamics of internal forward models
Tian, X. (2010) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00166 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
“…the mental imagery (Kosslyn and Thompson, 2003; Kraemer et al., 2005), and attentional factors also influence the depth of imagery and perceptual processing in a hierarchical neural architecture (Moscovitch et al., 1994; Roland and Gulyas, 1994; Sakai and Miyashita, 1994; Mellet et al., 1998).”
Contribution from neurophysiological and psychological methods to the study of motor imagery
Guillot, A., & Collet, C. (2005) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2005.09.004 · Cited by 264 · see citing works
“Such brain mapping techniques have therefore provided converging evidence that imagined and executed movements share the same neural substrate [84,92].”
BackgroundTactile motion activates the human middle temporal/V5 (MT/V5) complex
Hagen, M. C., Franzén, O. G., McGlone, F. P., Essick, G. K., Dancer, C., & Pardo, J. V. (2002) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.2002.02139.x · Cited by 253 · see citing works
“As a caveat to this line of reasoning, the underlying neural mechanisms of visual imagery remain unresolved (Mellet et al., 1998).”
BackgroundSeeing with the eyes shut: neural basis of enhanced imagery following ayahuasca ingestion.
de Araujo, D. B., Ribeiro, S., Cecchi, G. A., Carvalho, F. M., Sanchez, T. A., Pinto, J. P., de Martinis, B. S., Crippa, J. A., Hallak, J. E. C., & Santos, A. C. (2012) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.21381 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
“VC 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.”
Neural Correlates of Sustained Spatial Attention in Human Early Visual Cortex
Silver, M. A., Ress, D. B., & Heeger, D. J. (2006) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00677.2006 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
“19 find activity in early visual areas during mental imagery (Roland and Gulyás 1994; D’Esposito et al. 1997; Mellet et al. 1998; Ishai et al. 2000).”
BackgroundMental Imagery and Visual Working Memory
Keogh, R., & Pearson, J. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0029221 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
“found no significant increase in neural activity in the early visual areas during imagery tasks [23–28].”
BackgroundClark, S., Tremblay, F., & Ste‐Marie, D. M. (2003) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(03)00144-1 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Nair, D. G., Purcott, K. L., Fuchs, A., Steinberg, F. L., & Kelso, J. A. S. (2003) · Cognitive Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0926-6410(02)00197-0 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Nánay, B. (2013) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199695379.001.0001 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Mellet, E., Bricogne, S., Tzourio‐Mazoyer, N., Ghaëm, O., Petit, L., Zago, L., Etard, O., Berthoz, A., Mazoyer, B. M., & Denis, M. (2000) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.2000.0648 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
“This network could reflect the spatial working memory processes required to maintain the mental image of the map or of the actual environment (Mellet et al., 1998).”
Self-citationFunctional neuroimaging of odor imagery
Djordjevic, J., Zatorre, R. J., Petrides, M., Boyle, J. A., & Jones‐Gotman, M. (2004) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.09.035 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
“In general, brain regions associated with mental imagery have been found to be a subset of regions associated with perception in the same sensory modality (Halpern, 2001; Kosslyn et al., 2001a; Mellet et al., 1998).”
Parietal cortex and spatial cognition
Sack, A. T. (2009) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2009.03.012 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
van Dokkum, L. E. H., Ward, T. E., & Laffont, I. (2015) · Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.rehab.2014.09.016 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Delamillieure, P., Doucet, G., Mazoyer, B., Turbelin, M.-R., Delcroix, N., Mellet, E., Zago, L., Crivello, F., Petit, L., Tzourio-Mazoyer, N., et al. (2010) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2009.11.014 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Self-citationEye closure in darkness animates sensory systems
Marx, E., Stephan, T., Nolte, A., Deutschlander, A. B., Seelos, K., Dieterich, M., & Brandt, T. (2003) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/s1053-8119(03)00150-2 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
“Earlier visual imagery studies also reported that frontopolar areas exhibit bilateral activation, which can be attributed to imagination (Mellet et al., 1998; Lamm et al., 2001).”
BackgroundKlein, I., Paradis, A.-L., Poline, J.-B., Kosslyn, S. M., & Le Bihan, D. (2000) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/089892900564037 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
“Although many neuroimaging studies have provided support for the involvement of the primary visual cortex during visual imagery (e.g., Thompson & Kosslyn, 2000; Chen et al., 1998; Kosslyn et al., 1993; Kosslyn, Thompson, Kim, & Alpert, 1995; Kosslyn et al., 1999; Le Bihan et al., 1993), other studies have not found su…”
BackgroundNeural foundations of logical and mathematical cognition
Houdé, O., & Tzourio‐Mazoyer, N. (2003) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1117 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
“With these new tools, one of the crucial questions is: does correct performance on deductive tasks recruit linguistic or visuospatial brain areas? Reasoning with a mental model, as Johnson-Laird has claimed, should recruit a neural network devoted to mental imager”
BackgroundNeural substrates of tactile imagery: a functional MRI study
Yoo, S., Freeman, D. K., McCarthy, J. J., & Jolesz, F. A. (2003) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/00001756-200303240-00011 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Mihara, M., Miyai, I., Hattori, N., Hatakenaka, M., Yagura, H., Kawano, T., Okibayashi, M., Danjo, N., Ishikawa, A., Inoue, Y. H., et al. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0032234 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
“Previous studies have suggested that the medial parietal association cortex is involved in memory-related visual imagery [57] and visuospatial imagery [58].”
BackgroundIpsilateral involvement of primary motor cortex during motor imagery
Porro, C. A., Cettolo, V., Francescato, M. P., & Baraldi, P. (2000) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.2000.00182.x · Cited by 176 · see citing works
If neuroimaging is the answer, what is the question?
Kosslyn, S. M. (1999) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.1999.0479 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Identifying Object Categories from Event-Related EEG: Toward Decoding of Conceptual Representations
Simanova, I., van Gerven, M. A. J., Oostenveld, R., & Peter Hagoort, A. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0014465 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
“imagining objects [75–79].”
Mental calculation in a prodigy is sustained by right prefrontal and medial temporal areas
Pesenti, M., Zago, L., Crivello, F., Mellet, E., Samson, D., Duroux, B., Seron, X., Mazoyer, B. M., & Tzourio‐Mazoyer, N. (2001) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/82831 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
“Discussion The massive involvement of the visuospatial working memory and visual imagery network”
Self-citationKlein, I. F., Dubois, J., Mangin, J., Kherif, F., Flandin, G., Poline, J., Denis, M., Kosslyn, S. M., & Bihan, D. L. (2004) · Cognitive Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2004.07.006 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
“When the activation evoked by the stimuli at the different orientations was directly compared, distinct spatial activation patterns were obtained for each orientation in most participants.”
BackgroundSelf-citationWilson, P., Maruff, P. T., Butson, M. L., Williams, J., Lum, J., & Thomas, P. (2004) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1017/s001216220400129x · Cited by 166 · see citing works
“For true motor imagery, the imagined transformation (or rotation) is performed from a ‘first-person’ perspective; that is, from an internal perspective that involves representing the observed stimulus as a body part and then transforming one’s own bodily/kinaesthetic representation onto the orientation of the stimulus…”
BackgroundMantani, T., Okamoto, Y., Shirao, N., Okada, G., & Yamawaki, S. (2005) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.01.047 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Comparison of Brain Activation during Motor Imagery and Motor Movement Using fNIRS
Batula, A. M., Mark, J., Kim, Y. E., & Ayaz, H. (2017) · Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience · doi:10.1155/2017/5491296 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
“It has been proposed that the lack of M1 activation in some motor imagery studies may be due to the lower activation levels produced by motor imagery [36].”
BackgroundKellenbach, M. L., Brett, M., & Patterson, K. E. (2001) · Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/cabn.1.3.207 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Spontaneous Activity Associated with Primary Visual Cortex: A Resting-State fMRI Study
Wang, K., Jiang, T., Yu, C., Tian, L., Li, J., Liu, Y., Zhou, Y., Xu, L., Song, M., & Li, K. (2007) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhm105 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
“For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org activated during visual perception (Roland and Gulyas 1994; Ishai and Sagi 1995, 1997a, 1997b; Mellet et al. 1996, 1998; D’Esposito et al. 1997; Ishai et al. 2000).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSabaté, M., González, B., & Rodrı́guez, M. (2004) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2003.12.015 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Sack, A., Sperling, J., Prvulovic, D., Formisano, E., Goebel, R., Salle, F. D., Dierks, T., & Linden, D. (2002) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(02)00745-6 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Auditory Triggered Mental Imagery of Shape Involves Visual Association Areas in Early Blind Humans
Volder, A. D., Toyama, H., Kimura, Y., Kiyosawa, M., Nakano, H., Vanlierde, A., Wanet-Defalque, M.-C., Mishina, M., Oda, K., Ishiwata, K., et al. (2001) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.2001.0782 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Modality-independent coding of spatial layout in the human brain
Wolbers, T., Klatzky, R. L., Loomis, J. M., Wutte, M. G., & Giudice, N. A. (2011) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2011.04.038 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
“However, because occipital activation has not always been reported in studies on mental imagery [9], we performed a second, complementary test of the recoding hypothesis with age and gender matched blind participants.”
Functional Anatomy of High-Resolution Visual Mental Imagery
Mellet, E., Tzourio‐Mazoyer, N., Bricogne, S., Mazoyer, B. M., Kosslyn, S. M., & Denis, M. (2000) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/08989290051137620 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
“The involvement of the ventral system during object imagery has been consistently reported in previous studies (D'Esposito et al., 1997; Kosslyn et al., 1993; Mellet et al., 1996; 1998a; Roland & Gulyas, 1995).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSelf-citationThe cerebellum and decision making under uncertainty
Blackwood, N., Ffytche, D. H., Simmons, A., Bentall, R. P., Murray, R. M., & Howard, R. J. (2004) · Cognitive Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2003.12.009 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
“We hypothesised that such inferences would be subserved by those brain areas representing the problem to be solved in visuospatial working memory (left prefrontal cortex, left inferior parietal lobe) [37] together with areas previously implicated in tasks requiring prediction (ventromedial prefrontal cortex and latera…”
BackgroundHow verbal and spatial manipulation networks contribute to calculation: An fMRI study
Zago, L., Petit, L., Turbelin, M., Andersson, F., Vigneau, M., & Tzourio‐Mazoyer, N. (2008) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.03.001 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Self-citationSparing, R., Mottaghy, F. M., Ganis, G., Thompson, W. L., Töpper, R., Kosslyn, S. M., & Pascual‐Leone, Á. (2002) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(02)02478-2 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Hanakawa, T., Honda, M., Okada, T., Fukuyama, H., & Shibasaki, H. (2003) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/s1053-8119(03)00050-8 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
“This hypothesis is consistent with evidence that the posterior superior parietal cortex is dedicated to visuospatial information processing, which primarily deals with 2-or higher-dimensional space (Mellet et al., 1996, 1998; Simon et al., 2002).”
Motor Imagery Development in Primary School Children
Caeyenberghs, K., Tsoupas, J., Wilson, P. H., & Smits-Engelsman, B. C. M. (2009) · Developmental Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/87565640802499183 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
“Performance on each version of the mental rotation task required different cognitive processes and depended on the integrity of different brain networks in both adults and children (Kosslyn et al., 1998; Mellet et al., 1998).”
BackgroundInfluentialChanges in network connectivity during motor imagery and execution
Kim, Y. K., Park, E., Lee, A., Im, C., & Kim, Y.-H. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0190715 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Johnson, M. R., Mitchell, K., Raye, C. L., D’Esposito, M., & Johnson, M. K. (2007) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.05.017 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
“Other mental imagery studies (reviews: Kosslyn et al., 2001, Mellet et al., 1998a) have reported activations throughout the visual processing stream, extending in some cases to primary visual cortex, that may overlap some of the regions reported here.”
BackgroundMethodTrojano, L. (2000) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/10.5.473 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
“Several brain mapping studies (Mellet et al., 1998) tried to identify the neural basis of spatial mental imagery in the absence of visual stimulation, but none of them verified actual execution of the imagery task on-line.”
BackgroundAge-dependent brain activation during forward and backward digit recall revealed by fMRI
Sun, X., Zhang, X., Chen, X., Zhang, P., Bao, M., Zhang, D., Chen, J., He, S., & Hu, X. P. (2005) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.01.022 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
“For example, working memory and the PFC are involved in some imagery tasks (Kosslyn et al., 2001; Mellet et al., 1998 for review).”
The functional neuroanatomy of metrical stress evaluation of perceived and imagined spoken words
Aleman, A. (2004) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhh124 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
“Research on the neural basis of mental imagery has been predominantly focused on visual imagery (Mellet et al., 1998; Kosslyn et al., 1999; Trojano et al., 2000).”
BackgroundImagery of a moving object: The role of occipital cortex and human MT/V5+
Kaas, A. L., Weigelt, S., Roebroeck, A. F., Kohler, A., & Muckli, L. F. (2009) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.07.055 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
“…xxx (2009) xxx–xxx ARTICLE IN PRESS Please cite this article as: Kaas, A., et al., Imagery of a moving object: The role of occipital cortex and human MT/V5+, NeuroImage (2009), doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.07.055 of the imagery task (Barsalou, 2008; Mellet et al., 1998; Moulton and Kosslyn, 2009).”
InfluentialTactile–visual cross-modal shape matching: a functional MRI study
Saito, D. N., Okada, T., Morita, Y., Yonekura, Y., & Sadato, N. (2003) · Cognitive Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0926-6410(03)00076-4 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Haslinger, B. A., Erhard, P., Weilke, F., Ceballos-Baumann, A., Bartenstein, P., von Einsiedel, H. G., Schwaiger, M., Conrad, B., & Boecker, H. (2002) · Cognitive Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0926-6410(01)00104-5 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Toward Neuroanatomical Models of Analogy: A Positron Emission Tomography Study of Analogical Mapping
Wharton, C. M., Grafman, J. H., Flitman, S. S., Hansen, E. K., Brauner, J. S., Marks, A. R., & Honda, M. (2000) · Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1006/cogp.1999.0726 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Core networks for visual-concrete and abstract thought content: A brain electric microstate analysis
Lehmann, D., Pascual-Marqui, R. D., Strik, W. K., & Koenig, T. W. (2009) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.07.054 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
“…where also word and sentence processing shows predominant activation (Stowe et al., 1998; Vandenberghe et al., 2002), but certain task conditions and analysis approaches were reported to result in predominant right hemispheric activity (Mellet et al., 1998b; Kiehl et al., 1999; Dhond et al., 2007).”
Left mediotemporal structures mediate the retrieval of episodic autobiographical mental images
Gardini, S., Cornoldi, C., Béni, R. D., & Venneri, A. (2005) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.10.012 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Slimani, M., Tod, D., Chaabène, H., Miarka, B., & Chamari, K. (2016) · PubMed Central · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Synaesthesia is associated with enhanced, self-rated visual imagery
Barnett, K. J., & Newell, F. N. (2008) · Consciousness and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.concog.2007.05.011 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Imagery practice and the development of surgical skills
Hall, J. C. (2002) · The American Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1016/s0002-9610(02)01007-3 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Doucet, G. E., Naveau, M., Petit, L., Zago, L., Crivello, F., Jobard, G., Delcroix, N., Mellet, E., Tzourio‐Mazoyer, N., Mazoyer, B. M., et al. (2011) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.11.059 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
“…transformation of information, requiring cooperation between the fronto-parietal cortex and visual areas (Ganis et al., 2004; Mechelli et al., 2004; Mellet et al., 1998), whereas the latter has been found to have no positive functional relationship between the visual areas and high order…”
BackgroundSelf-citationCortical Systems Associated with Covert Music Rehearsal
Langheim, F. J. P. (2002) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.2002.1144 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
“Closely tied to issues of selective attention and conscious experience, mental imagery has often been considered the covert reflection of overt behavioral performance (Mellet et al., 1998; Ingvar, 1994; Decety et al., 1994).”
Coordinate and categorical judgements in spatial imagery. An fMRI study
Trojano, L., Grossi, D., Linden, D. E. J., Formisano, E., Goebel, R., Cirillo, S., Elefante, R., & Salle, F. D. (2002) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(02)00021-0 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
“In studies on visual and spatial mental imagery the coactivation of frontal and parietal areas has been reported very often and related to image generation or to image maintenance [13,19,30].”
Impact of fMRI Acoustic Noise on the Functional Anatomy of Visual Mental Imagery
Mazard, A., Mazoyer, B. M., Etard, O., Tzourio‐Mazoyer, N., Kosslyn, S. M., & Mellet, E. (2002) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/089892902317236821 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
“Given the controversy about the role of the calcarine cortex in visual mental imagery (e.g., Thompson & Kosslyn, 2000; Mellet et al., 1998), we were particularly interested in the effect of noise on this area.”
Self-citationERP evidence of visualization at early stages of visual processing
Page, J. W., Duhamel, P., & Crognale, M. A. (2010) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2010.11.001 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Visually- and motor-based knowledge of letters: evidence from a pure alexic patient
Bartolomeo, P., Bachoud‐Lévi, A., Sylvie Chokron, A., & Degos, J. (2002) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(01)00209-3 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Brain Electrical Activity Evoked by Mental Formation of Auditory Expectations and Images
Janata, P. (2001) · Brain Topography · doi:10.1023/a:1007803102254 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
“Auditory images/expectancies appear to also activate sensory cortices as has been demonstrated for the visual system (Kosslyn et al. 1993; Le Bihan et al. 1993; Mellet et al. 1998).”
BackgroundCreativity and dementia: a review
Palmiero, M., Giacomo, D. D., & Passafiume, D. (2012) · Cognitive Processing · doi:10.1007/s10339-012-0439-y · Cited by 84 · see citing works
“Indeed, the right hemisphere is mostly devoted to the process of object complexity (Mellet et al. 1998) and generation of mental images using coordinate spatial relations (Kosslyn et al.”
BackgroundBlindness and brain plasticity: contribution of mental imagery?
Lambert, S., Sampaio, E., Mauss, Y., & Scheiber, C. (2004) · Cognitive Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2003.12.012 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
“The modulation of activation in a sighted group is well known in mental imagery and is generally associated with more complex images [26,37].”
BackgroundMethodCaeyenberghs, K., Wilson, P. H., van Roon, D., Swinnen, S. P., & Smits-Engelsman, B. C. M. (2009) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-7687.2008.00803.x · Cited by 82 · see citing works
The neural substrates for the different modalities of movement imagery
Jiang, D., Edwards, M., Mullins, P. G., & Callow, N. (2015) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2015.04.005 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Mind the bend: cerebral activations associated with mental imagery of walking along a curved path
Wagner, J. N., Stephan, T., Kalla, R., Brückmann, H., Strupp, M. L., Brandt, T., & Jahn, K. (2008) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-008-1520-8 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
“Hence, functional MRI is a valid method for visualizing brain areas associated with locomotion (for review see (Mellet et al. 1998; Jeannerod and Decety 1995).”
MethodMotor imagery and higher-level cognition: four hurdles before research can sprint forward
Madan, C. R., & Singhal, A. (2012) · Cognitive Processing · doi:10.1007/s10339-012-0438-z · Cited by 83 · see citing works
“In a review, Mellet et al. (1998) explain that the pre-SMA appears to be involved specifically in motor imagery, while evidence suggests that the SMA proper is only activated in overt motor execution.”
BackgroundUsing mental practice in stroke rehabilitation: a framework
Braun, S. M., Kleynen, M., Schols, J. M. G. A., Schack, T., Beurskens, A. J. H. M., & Wade, D. T. (2008) · Clinical Rehabilitation · doi:10.1177/0269215508090066 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Zapparoli, L., Invernizzi, P. L., Gandola, M., Verardi, M., Berlingeri, M., Sberna, M., Santis, A. D., Zerbi, A., Banfi, G., Bottini, G., et al. (2012) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-012-3331-1 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
“2000), spatial mental imagery and mental navigation (Mellet et al. 1998), even in subjects in apparent vegetative states (Owen et al.”
BackgroundNeural Decoding with Hierarchical Generative Models
van Gerven, M. A. J., de Lange, F. P., & Heskes, T. (2010) · Neural Computation · doi:10.1162/neco_a_00047 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Double Dissociation between Motor and Visual Imagery in the Posterior Parietal Cortex
Pelgrims, B., Andres, M., & Olivier, E. (2009) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhn248 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Abilities and strategies of blind and sighted subjects in visuo-spatial imagery
Vanlierde, A., & Wanet-Defalque, M.-C. (2004) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2004.03.001 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Dynamic Premotor-to-Parietal Interactions during Spatial Imagery
Sack, A. T., Jacobs, C., Martino, F. D., Staeren, N., Goebel, R., & Formisano, E. (2008) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2656-08.2008 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
“…of several previous imaging studies investigating the neural correlates of spatial imagery (Kosslyn et al., 1993, 1998; Kawashima et al., 1995; Mellet et al., 1995, 1996, 1998, 2000b; Cohen et al., 1996; Tagaris et al., 1997; Carpenter et al., 1999; Richter et al., 2000; Trojano et al., 2000;…”
BackgroundResultInfluentialThe role of early visual cortex in visual short-term memory and visual attention
Offen, S., Schluppeck, D., & Heeger, D. J. (2008) · Vision Research · doi:10.1016/j.visres.2007.12.022 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
“Mental imagery in the absence of a visual stimulus has been reported to elicit activity in early visual cortex (Kosslyn et al., 1993; Kosslyn & Thompson, 2003; Le Bihan et al., 1993), though others did not find such activity (D’Esposito et al., 1997; Ishai, Ungerleider, & Haxby, 2000; Mellet, Petit, Mazoyer, Denis, &…”
Effects of an Imagery Training Program on Selective Attention of National Softball Players
Calmels, C., Berthoumieux, C., & d’Arripe-Longueville, F. (2004) · The Sport Psychologist · doi:10.1123/tsp.18.3.272 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
“9 Based on previous studies which showed that (a) comm n brain areas were involved 10 during perception and imagery (e.g., Mellet et al., 1998), and (b) perception of an object was 11 improved by the exposure to imagery experience (Farah, 1985; Michelon & Koenig, 2002), it 12 was hypothesized that…”
Mental rotation of objects retrieved from memory: A functional MRI study of spatial processing.
Just, M. A., Carpenter, P. A., Maguire, M. J., Diwadkar, V. A., & McMains, S. A. (2001) · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · doi:10.1037//0096-3445.130.3.493 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Neural mechanisms of strength increase after one‐week motor imagery training
Grosprêtre, S., Jacquet, T., Lebon, F., Papaxanthis, C., & Martin, A. (2017) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1080/17461391.2017.1415377 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
de Winckel, A. V., Sunaert, S. G., Wenderoth, N., Peeters, R. R., Vanhecke, P., Feys, H., HOREMANS, E., Marchal, G. J., Swinnen, S. P., & Perfetti, C. (2005) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.01.058 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
“…in spatial response selection (Schumacher et al., 2003), tactile motion (Hagen et al., 2002), visual shape and size retrieval (Oliver and Thompson-Schill, 2003), mental imagery dealing with spatial components (Sathian et al., 1997; Vanlierde et al., 2003), and memory recall (Mellet et al., 1998).”
BackgroundKrüeger, F., Landgraf, S., van der Meer, E. E., Deshpande, G., & Hu, X. P. (2010) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.21119 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
“, 2000; Wojciulik and Kanwisher, 1999], spatial working memory [Wager and Smith, 2003], and spatial mental imagery [Mellet et al., 1998].”
BackgroundIntegration of “what” and “where” in frontal cortex during visual imagery of scenes
de Borst, A. W., Sack, A. T., Jansma, B. M., Esposito, F., Martino, F. D., Valente, G., Roebroeck, A. F., Salle, F. D., Goebel, R., & Formisano, E. (2011) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.12.005 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
“(Cohen et al., 1996; D'Esposito et al., 1997; Knauff et al., 2000; Mellet et al., 1998; Mellet et al., 1996; Richter et al., 1997; Trojano et al., 2000) have aimed at unravelling the neural foundations of mental imagery using a wide variety of tasks (for a review, see Kosslyn et al.”
MethodDouble dissociation in neural correlates of visual working memory: A PET study
Ventre‐Dominey, J., Bailly, A., Lavenne, F., Bars, D. L., Mollion, H., Costes, N., & Dominey, P. F. (2005) · Cognitive Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.09.004 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
“Interestingly, this region has been implicated in visual imagery and visual imagery occuring during memory retrieval ([37] for Review).”
The differential contributions of visual imagery constructs on autobiographical thinking
Aydın, Ç. (2017) · Memory · doi:10.1080/09658211.2017.1340483 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
- Authors
- Mellet, E., Petit, L., Mazoyer, B., Denis, M., & Tzourio, N.
- Affiliations
- Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (FR)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Venue
- NeuroImage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1998-08
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 129-139
- ISSN
- 1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2119473470
- Cited by
- 237
- References
- 96
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 1.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- NeuroImage (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Vedecká Grantová Agentúra MŠVVaŠ SR a SAV
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Spatial Cognition and Navigation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Keywords
- mental imagery, visual cortex, primary visual cortex, cortical networks, functional anatomy
- MeSH terms
- Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Humans, Imagination, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Nerve Net, Mental Recall, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Visual Perception
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