Explaining political sophistication

An Analysis of Transformations

Box, G. E. P., & Cox, D. R. (1964) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B: Statistical Methodology · doi:10.1111/j.2517-6161.1964.tb00553.x · Cited by 15,052

Attitudinal Effects of Mere Exposure

Zajonc, R. B. (1968) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0025848 · Cited by 6,745

Heuristic versus systematic information processing and the use of source versus message cues in persuasion.

Chaiken, S. (1980) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.39.5.752 · Cited by 5,516

The American Voter. By A. Campbell, P. Converse, W. Miller, and D. Stokes. (New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.1960. Pp. viii, 573. $8.50.)

Eulau, H. (1960) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.1017/s000305540012235x · Cited by 4,722

Ideology and Discontent

Elder, J. W., Geertz, C., & Rosenhack, K. P. S. (1964) · Cited by 3,878

Untitled work

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Participation in America: Political Democracy and Social Equality.

Seasholes, B., Verba, S., & Nie, N. H. (1974) · Social Forces · doi:10.2307/2576853 · Cited by 2,576

Handbook of political science

Greenstein, F. I., & Polsby, N. W. (1975) · Addison-Wesley Longman Publishing Co., Inc. eBooks · Cited by 2,305

Contextual prerequisites for understanding: Some investigations of comprehension and recall

Bransford, J. D., & Johnson, M. K. (1972) · Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0022-5371(72)80006-9 · Cited by 2,131

Expert and Novice Performance in Solving Physics Problems

Larkin, J., McDermott, J., Simon, D. P., & Simon, H. A. (1980) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.208.4450.1335 · Cited by 2,109

The Quality of American Life: Perceptions, Evaluations, and Satisfactions.

Boguslaw, R., Campbell, A., Converse, P. E., & Rodgers, W. L. (1977) · Social Forces · doi:10.2307/2577440 · Cited by 1,947

Political Action: Mass Participation in Five Western Democracies

Barnes, S. H. (1979) · Deep Blue (University of Michigan) · Cited by 1,932

An analysis of transformations (with discussion)

Box, G. E. P. (1964) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A (Statistics in Society) · Cited by 1,891

Human Information Processing

(2016) · The SAGE Encyclopedia of Theory in Psychology · doi:10.4135/9781483346274.n148 · Cited by 1,815

Social Cognition: From Brains to Culture

Fiske, S. T., & Taylor, S. E. (2013) · SAGE Publications Ltd eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781529681451 · Cited by 1,741

The effects of involvement on responses to argument quantity and quality: Central and peripheral routes to persuasion.

Petty, R. E., & Cacioppo, J. T. (1984) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.46.1.69 · Cited by 1,727

Issue involvement can increase or decrease persuasion by enhancing message-relevant cognitive responses.

Petty, R. E., & Cacioppo, J. T. (1979) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.37.10.1915 · Cited by 1,529

The Quality of American Life: Perceptions, Evaluations, and Satisfactions.

Cohn, R. M., Campbell, A., Converse, P. E., & Rodgers, W. L. (1977) · Contemporary Sociology · doi:10.2307/2066476 · Cited by 1,430

Ideology and Discontent.

Gusfield, J., & Apter, D. (1966) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2091287 · Cited by 1,276

Handbook of Human Intelligence

Cronbach, L., & Sternberg, R. J. (1984) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1422532 · Cited by 1,268

The Changing American Voter

Nie, N. H., Verba, S., & Petrocik, J. R. (1979) · Harvard University Press eBooks · doi:10.4159/harvard.9780674429147 · Cited by 1,119

American Voter Turnout in Comparative Perspective

Powell, G. B. (1986) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.2307/1957082 · Cited by 1,049

Accountability and complexity of thought.

Tetlock, P. E. (1983) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.45.1.74 · Cited by 995

Measuring Political Sophistication

Luskin, R. C. (1987) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.2307/2111227 · Cited by 939

The Occurrence of Clustering in the Recall of Randomly Arranged Associates

Bousfield, W. A. (1953) · The Journal of General Psychology · doi:10.1080/00221309.1953.9710088 · Cited by 920

Information Processing

(1960) · The Computer Journal · doi:10.1093/comjnl/3.2.75 · Cited by 915

Political science : the state of the discipline

Finifter, A. W. (1983) · Cited by 847

Consensus and Ideology in American Politics

McClosky, H. (1964) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.2307/1952868 · Cited by 799

Generations and Politics: A Panel Study of Young Adults and Their Parents

Jennings, M. K., & Niemi, R. G. (1981) · Princeton University Press eBooks · doi:10.1515/9781400854264 · Cited by 769

The American Ethos: Public Attitudes Toward Capitalism and Democracy

McClosky, H., & Zaller, J. (1984) · Harvard University Press eBooks · doi:10.4159/harvard.9780674428522 · Cited by 768

Political Action: Mass Participation in Five Western Democracies, by Samuel H. Barnes and Max Kaase

Sigel, R. S. (1980) · Political Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2150095 · Cited by 737

Processing the News: How People Tame the Information Tide.

Snow, R. P., & Graber, D. A. (1986) · Contemporary Sociology · doi:10.2307/2070921 · Cited by 716

A Dynamic Simultaneous Equation Model of Electoral Choice

Markus, G. B., & Converse, P. E. (1979) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.2307/1953989 · Cited by 679

The Paradox of Mass Politics: Knowledge and Opinion in the American Electorate

Neuman, W. R. (1986) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 660

The Changing American Voter

Ladd, E. C., & Nie, N. H. (1977) · The American Historical Review · doi:10.2307/1851128 · Cited by 651

The American Ethos: Public Attitudes Toward Capitalism and Democracy

McClosky, H., & Zaller, J. R. (1984) · Cited by 637

Acquisition of domain-related information in relation to high and low domain knowledge

Chiesi, H. L., Spilich, G. J., & Voss, J. F. (1979) · Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0022-5371(79)90146-4 · Cited by 635

Human Abilities: An Information Processing Approach

Sternberg, R. J. (1985) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 608

Modern Political Analysis

Kaplan, H. I., Dahl, R. A., Greenstein, F. I., Kaufman, H., & Charles L. Black (1964) · International Journal Canada s Journal of Global Policy Analysis · doi:10.2307/40198989 · Cited by 608

The Mass Media Election: How Americans Choose Their President

Patterson, T. E. (1980) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 599

Contemporary Democracies: Participation, Stability, and Violence, by G. Bingham Powell, Jr.

J. Long, W. (1984) · Political Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2150271 · Cited by 569

Reciprocal Effects of Policy Preferences, Party Loyalties and the Vote

Page, B. I., & Jones, C. C. (1979) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.2307/1953990 · Cited by 554

Modern Political Analysis

Dahl, R. A. (1963) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 538

Generations and Politics: A Panel Study of Young Adults and their Parents.

Knoke, D., Jennings, M. K., & Niemi, R. G. (1982) · Contemporary Sociology · doi:10.2307/2067064 · Cited by 536

Experimental Demonstrations of the “Not-So-Minimal” Consequences of Television News Programs

Iyengar, S., Peters, M. D., & Kinder, D. R. (1982) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.1017/s000305540018966x · Cited by 519

Political Socialization and the High School Civics Curriculum in the United States

Langton, K. P., & Jennings, M. K. (1968) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.2307/1953435 · Cited by 459

Experimental Demonstrations of the “Not-So-Minimal” Consequences of Television News Programs

Iyengar, S., Peters, M. D., & Kinder, D. R. (1982) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.2307/1962976 · Cited by 451

American political science review

(1983) · Electoral Studies · doi:10.1016/0261-3794(83)90125-7 · Cited by 445

The Political Character of Adolescence: The Influence of Families and Schools.

Gottlieb, D., Jennings, M. K., & Niemi, R. G. (1975) · Contemporary Sociology · doi:10.2307/2063186 · Cited by 417

Annual Review of Psychology

Roback, H. B. (1980) · International Journal of Group Psychotherapy · doi:10.1080/00207284.1980.11491701 · Cited by 401

Cognitive style and political belief systems in the British House of Commons.

Tetlock, P. E. (1984) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.46.2.365 · Cited by 390

Effects of comprehension on retention of prose.

Dooling, D. J., & Lachman, R. (1971) · Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0030904 · Cited by 368

The Play Theory of Mass Communication.

DeFleur, M. L., & Stephenson, W. (1968) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2091944 · Cited by 349

The novice and the expert: Knowledge-based strategies in political cognition

Fiske, S. T., Kinder, D. R., & Larter, W. M. (1983) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/0022-1031(83)90029-x · Cited by 347

Personality and Democratic Politics

Sniderman, P. M. (1975) · University of California Press eBooks · doi:10.1525/9780520378254 · Cited by 291

Contemporary Democracies: Participation, Stability, and Violence

Lijphart, A., & Powell, G. B. (1983) · CrossRef Listing of Deleted DOIs · doi:10.2307/3330095 · Cited by 290

Affective-cognitive consistency and the effect of salient behavioral information on the self-perception of attitudes.

Chaiken, S., & Baldwin, M. W. (1981) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.41.1.1 · Cited by 281

The Effect of Registration Laws on Voter Turnout

Rosenstone, S. J., & Wolfinger, R. E. (1978) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.2307/1953597 · Cited by 274

Current Perspectives in Mass Communication Research.

Singer, B. D., Kline, F. G., & Tichenor, P. J. (1974) · Contemporary Sociology · doi:10.2307/2063598 · Cited by 262

Motivation and social interaction : cognitive determinants

Harvey, O. J. (1963) · Cited by 260

Democracy at the Polls: A Comparative Study of Competitive National Elections. Edited by David Butler, Howard R. Penniman, and Austin Ranney. (Washington, D.C.: American Enterprise Institute, 1981. Pp.. x + 367. $8.25, paper.)

Weatherford, M. S. (1982) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.2307/1963779 · Cited by 249

How Americans use Time: A Social-Psychological Analysis of Everyday Behavior.

Ladinsky, J., & Robinson, J. P. (1979) · Contemporary Sociology · doi:10.2307/2064987 · Cited by 244

From Life Space to Polling Place: The Relevance of Personal Concerns for Voting Behavior

Brody, R. A., & Sniderman, P. M. (1977) · British Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1017/s0007123400001022 · Cited by 244

Ideology in the 1980 Election: Ideological Sophistication Does Matter

Knight, K. (1985) · The Journal of Politics · doi:10.2307/2131213 · Cited by 232

Personality and Democratic Politics. By Paul M. Sniderman. (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1975. $13.75.)

Merelman, R. M. (1977) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.1017/s0003055400266057 · Cited by 200

Comment: What Have You Done for Me Lately? Toward An Investment Theory of Voting

Popkin, S., Gorman, J. W., Phillips, C., & Smith, J. A. (1976) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.1017/s0003055400174246 · Cited by 197

Aging, Voting, and Political Interest

Glenn, N. D., & Grimes, M. (1968) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2092441 · Cited by 180

The unseeing eye: The myth of television power in national politics

Patterson, T. E., & McClure, R. D. (1976) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 178

The Breadth, Depth, and Utility of Class, Partisan, and Ideological Schemata

Hamill, R., Lodge, M., & Blake, F. (1985) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.2307/2111184 · Cited by 170

Patterns of Recall Among Television News Viewers

Neuman, W. R. (1976) · Public Opinion Quarterly · doi:10.1086/268274 · Cited by 159

Individual Differences in Cognitive Abilities

Carroll, J. B., & Maxwell, S. E. (1979) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.30.020179.003131 · Cited by 150

Human Information Processing

Roy, S. C. (1988) · Annual Review of Nursing Research · doi:10.1891/0739-6686.6.1.237 · Cited by 150

How Americans Use Time: A Social-Psychological Analysis of Everyday Behavior.

Smith, R. L., & Robinson, J. P. (1978) · Social Forces · doi:10.2307/2577248 · Cited by 150

Political Character of Adolescence: The Influence of Families and Schools

Jennings, M. K., & Niemi, R. G. (2015) · Princeton University Press eBooks · doi:10.1515/9781400868797 · Cited by 145

Electoral Behavior: A Comparative Handbook.

Rose, †. (1974) · Cited by 145

Newspapers, Television and Political Reasoning

Clarke, P., & Fredin, E. S. (1978) · Public Opinion Quarterly · doi:10.1086/268439 · Cited by 135

Differentiation and Integration: Two Dimensions of Political Thinking

Neuman, W. R. (1981) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/227384 · Cited by 125

Topics in Regression Analysis.

Thomas, J. J., & Goldberger, A. S. (1970) · Economica · doi:10.2307/2552019 · Cited by 124

Ability and achievement

Duncan, O. D. (1968) · Social Biology · doi:10.1080/19485565.1968.9987747 · Cited by 118

The Levels of Conceptualization: False Measures of Ideological Sophistication

Smith, E. R. A. N. (1980) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.2307/1958150 · Cited by 114

Structuring the “Unseen Environment”

McCombs, M., & Shaw, D. L. (1976) · Journal of Communication · doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1976.tb01374.x · Cited by 109

Abusus Non Tollit Usum: Standardized Coefficients, Correlations, and R 2 s

Luskin, R. C. (1991) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.2307/2111505 · Cited by 100

Ideology in the Public's Conceptualization of the 1964 Election

Field, J. O., & Anderson, R. E. (1969) · Public Opinion Quarterly · doi:10.1086/267721 · Cited by 90

Patterns of Support for Democratic and Capitalist Values in the United States

Chong, D., McClosky, H., & Zaller, J. R. (1983) · British Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1017/s0007123400003343 · Cited by 81

Political Action: Mass Participation in Five Western Democracies.Samuel H. Barnes , Max Kaase , Klaus R. Allerback , Barbara Farah , Felix Heunks , Ronald Inglehart , M. Kent Jennings , Hans D. Klingemann , Allan Marsh , Leopold Rosenmayr

Powell, G. B. (1981) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/227490 · Cited by 73

The Democratic Citizen: Social Science and Democratic Theory in the Twentieth Century, by Dennis F. Thompson

Marshall, T. H. (1972) · Political Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2147781 · Cited by 65

The effect of alphabetical subjective organization on memorizing unrelated words.

Tulving, E. (1962) · Canadian Journal of Psychology/Revue Canadienne de Psychologie · doi:10.1037/h0083245 · Cited by 63

Presidential elections and American politics: Voters, candidates, and campaigns since 1952

Asher, H. B. (1988) · Cited by 62

Democratic Politics and the Culture of American Education

Merelman, R. M. (1980) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.2307/1960628 · Cited by 49

Correlative Characteristics of Levels of Conceptualization in The American Public 1956-1976

Hagner, P. R., & Pierce, J. C. (1982) · The Journal of Politics · doi:10.2307/2130517 · Cited by 44

Learning is organized by chunking

Herman Buschke, L. (1976) · Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior · doi:10.1016/0022-5371(76)90028-1 · Cited by 40

Issues in Measurement: The "Levels of Conceptualization" Index of Ideological Sophistication

Cassel, C. A. (1984) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.2307/2110880 · Cited by 35

Leadership and Change: The New Politics and the American Electorate, by Warren E. Miller and Teresa E. Levitin

Finch, G. B. (1977) · Political Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2148514 · Cited by 33

Individual Differences in Learning and Memory

Terry, W. S. (2017) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315622781-12 · Cited by 21

Political Ideology: Its Structure, Functions, and Elective Affinities

Jost, J. T., Federico, C. M., & Napier, J. L. (2009) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.60.110707.163600 · Cited by 2,125

Evolutionary Personality Psychology

Buss, D. M. (1991) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.42.020191.002331 · Cited by 930

The MISSING LINK: Exploring the Relationship Between Higher Education and Political Engagement

Sunshine Hillygus, D. (2005) · Political Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11109-005-3075-8 · Cited by 657

Party Polarization in Congress

Theriault, S. M. (2008) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511790652 · Cited by 656

Latin American Party Systems

Kitschelt, H., Hawkins, K. A., Luna, J. P., Rosas, G., & Zechmeister, E. J. (2010) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511750311 · Cited by 559