Inflammation and vitamin D: The infection connection

Mangin, Meg; Sinha, Rebecca; Fincher, Kelly

doi:10.1007/s00011-014-0755-z

Cited by 274Vitamin D Research StudiesAntioxidant Activity and Oxidative StressNutrition and Health Studies

Inflammation and vitamin D: The infection connection

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Mangin, Meg, Sinha, Rebecca, Fincher, Kelly·2014·Inflammation Research

DOI 10.1007/s00011-014-0755-zPMC PMC4160567

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Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Inflammation is believed to be a contributing factor to many chronic diseases. The influence of vitamin D deficiency on inflammation is being explored but studies have not demonstrated a causative effect. METHODS: Low serum 25(OH)D is also found in healthy persons exposed to adequate sunlight. Despite increased vitamin D supplementation inflammatory diseases are increasing. The current method of determining vitamin D status may be at fault. The level of 25(OH)D does not always reflect the level of 1,25(OH)2D. Assessment of both metabolites often reveals elevated 1,25(OH)2D, indicating abnormal vitamin D endocrine function. FINDINGS: This article reviews vitamin D's influence on the immune system, examines the myths regarding vitamin D photosynthesis, discusses ways to accurately assess vitamin D status, describes the risks of supplementation, explains the effect of persistent infection on vitamin D metabolism and presents a novel immunotherapy which provides evidence of an infection connection to inflammation. CONCLUSION: Some authorities now believe that low 25(OH)D is a consequence of chronic inflammation rather than the cause. Research points to a bacterial etiology pathogenesis for an inflammatory disease process which results in high 1,25(OH)2D and low 25(OH)D. Immunotherapy, directed at eradicating persistent intracellular pathogens, corrects dysregulated vitamin D metabolism and resolves inflammatory symptoms.

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Vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of infection and autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis and diabetes, probably related to activity of vitamin D receptors, which are found throughout the immune system.
“Vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of infection and autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis and diabetes, probably related to activity of vitamin D receptors, which are found throughout the immune system [106,107].”
From Immune function and micronutrient requirements change over the life course (2018) · cites this paper as [107]

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Authors: Mangin, M., Sinha, R., & Fincher, K.
Affiliations: Texas Health Harris Methodist Hospital Fort Worth (US)
Corresponding author: Mangin, Meg
Venue: Inflammation Research
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2014-07-22
Volume: 63
Issue: 10
Pages: 803-819
ISSN: 1023-3830 (ISSN-L)
1420-908X
DOI: 10.1007/s00011-014-0755-z
PMC: PMC4160567
OpenAlex: W1991539495
Cited by: 274
References: 174
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 49 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 9
FWCI: 3.11
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (unspecified)
Locations: Inflammation Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: University of Michigan
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Vitamin D Research Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutrition and Health Studies
Keywords: vitamin D, inflammation, vitamin D deficiency, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, vitamin D metabolism, vitamin D supplementation, vitamin D status assessment, immune system, chronic inflammation, persistent infection, intracellular pathogens, immunotherapy, sun exposure
MeSH terms: Animals, Autoimmune Diseases, Bacterial Infections, Humans, Imidazoles, Inflammation, Tetrazoles, Vitamin D, Vitamin D Deficiency, Receptors, Calcitriol, Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers

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Inflammation and vitamin D: The infection connection

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