Cited by 128melanin and skin pigmentationGenetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and AnimalsGenetic and phenotypic traits in livestock

The genetic and evolutionary basis of colour variation in vertebrates

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Hofreiter, Michael, Schöneberg, Torsten·2010·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences

Abstract

Variation in pigmentation is one of the most conspicuous phenotypic traits in vertebrates. Although mammals show less variation in body pigmentation than other vertebrate groups, the genetics of colour determination and variation is best understood for them. More than 150 genes have been identified that influence pigmentation, and in many cases, the cause for variation in pigmentation has been identified down to the underlying nucleotide changes. These studies show that while some genes are often responsible for deviating pigmentation, similar or almost identical phenotypes even in the same species may be due to mutations in different genes. In this review we will first discuss the current knowledge about the genes and their functions underlying the biochemical pathways that determine pigmentation and then give examples where the mutations responsible for colour variation have been determined. Finally, we will discuss potential evolutionary causes for and consequences of differences in pigmentation between individuals.

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Authors
Hofreiter, M., & Schöneberg, T.
Affiliations
  • University of York (GB)
  • Leipzig University (DE)
Corresponding author
Hofreiter, Michael
Venue
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences
Published
2010-03-14
Volume
67
Issue
15
Pages
2591-2603
ISSN
  • 1420-682X (ISSN-L)
  • 1420-9071
OpenAlex
W1972312173
Cited by
128
References
113
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 12
FWCI
0.74
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (submittedVersion)
  • MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
Funders
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › melanin and skin pigmentation
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
Keywords
pigmentation, color variation, vertebrates, pigmentation genes, genetic mutations, mammals
MeSH terms
Animals, Color, Biological Evolution, Genes, Mutation, Phenotype, Pigmentation, Reproduction, Vertebrates

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