Glucagon-like peptide 1 abolishes the postprandial rise in triglyceride concentrations and lowers levels of non-esterified fatty acids in humans
Open accessAbstract
Aims/hypothesis Diabetic dyslipidaemia contributes to the excess morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes. Exogenous glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) lowers postprandial glycaemia predominantly by slowing gastric emptying. Therefore, the effects of GLP-1 on postprandial lipid levels and gastric emptying were assessed.Methods 14 healthy male volunteers were studied with an i.v. infusion of GLP-1 (1.2 pmol kg(-1) min(-1)) or placebo over 390 min in the fasting state. A solid test meal was served and gastric emptying was determined using a (13)C-labelled sodium octanoate breath test. Venous blood was drawn frequently for measurement of glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, GLP-1, triglycerides and NEFA.Results GLP-1 administration lowered fasting and postprandial glycaemia (p<0.0001). Gastric emptying was delayed by GLP-1 compared with placebo (p<0.0001). During GLP-1 administration, insulin secretory responses were higher in the fasting state but lower after meal ingestion. After meal ingestion, triglyceride plasma levels increased by 0.33+/-0.14 mmol/l in the placebo experiments (p<0.0001). In contrast, the postprandial increase in triglyceride levels was completely abolished by GLP-1 (change in triglycerides, -0.023+/-0.045 mmol/l; p<0.05). During GLP-1 infusion, plasma concentrations of NEFA were suppressed by 39% in the fasting state (p<0.01) and by 31+/-5% after meal ingestion (p<0.01).Conclusions/interpretation GLP-1 improves postprandial lipidaemia, presumably as a result of delayed gastric emptying and insulin-mediated inhibition of lipolysis. Thus, by lowering both glucose and lipid concentrations, GLP-1 administration may reduce the cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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- Authors
- Meier, J. J., Gethmann, A., Götze, O., Gallwitz, B., Holst, J. J., Schmidt, W. E., & Nauck, M. A.
- Affiliations
- St. Josef-Hospital (DE)
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Diabeteszentrum Bad Lauterberg (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Meier, J. J.
- Venue
- Diabetologia
- Published
- 2006-01-31
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 452-458
- ISSN
- 0012-186X (ISSN-L)
- 1432-0428
- OpenAlex
- W2031891480
- Cited by
- 276
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 9.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Diabetologia (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Na 203/6-1)
- Deutsche Diabetes Gesellschaft
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- glucagon-like peptide-1, postprandial lipemia, triglycerides, free fatty acids, gastric emptying, insulin secretion, lipolysis, type 2 diabetes, diabetic dyslipidemia, cardiovascular risk, glucose homeostasis
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Diet, Fatty Acids, Nonesterified, Glucagon, Humans, Male, Stomach, Triglycerides, Postprandial Period, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
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