Prevalence and childhood antecedents of depersonalization syndrome in a UK birth cohort
Open accessAbstract
Purpose Depersonalization syndrome is characterised by a sense of unreality about the self [depersonalization (DP)] and/or the outside world [derealization (DR)]. Prevalence estimates vary widely. Little is known about childhood antecedents of the disorder although emotional abuse is thought to play a role.Methods Longitudinal data from 3,275 participants of a UK population-based birth cohort (the MRC National Survey of Health and Development) were used to: (1) assess the prevalence of DP syndrome at age 36, measured by the Present State Examination (PSE); and (2) examine the effects of a range of socio-demographic, childhood adversity and emotional responses as potential risk factors for DP.Results Thirty three survey members were classified with DP, yielding a prevalence of 0.95% [95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.56-1.34]. There were no associations with socio-economic status, parental death or divorce; self-reported accidents, childhood depression, tendency to daydream or reactions to criticism. However, teacher-estimated childhood anxiety was a strong independent predictor of adult depersonalization, and there were strong cross-sectional relationships between DP and anxiety and depression caseness.Conclusions To our knowledge this is the first study assessing nationwide prevalence of the DP syndrome and uses longitudinal data to explore childhood risk factors for adult DP. The prevalence of adult DP was slightly lower than reported by other surveys. The study found that childhood anxiety was the only significant predictor of the adult DP syndrome, supporting the view that depersonalisation disorder forms part of the spectrum of responses to anxiety.
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A longitudinal study of over 3000 participants in the UK found that childhood anxiety was a significant predictor of adult depersonalisation experiences.
“Further, a longitudinal study of over 3000 participants in the UK found that childhood anxiety was a significant predictor of adult depersonalisation experiences [22].”
From A brief CBT intervention for depersonalisation/derealisation in psychosis: Study protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial (2016) · cites this paper as [22]
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- Authors
- Lee, W. E., Kwok, C. H. T., Hunter, E. C. M., Richards, M., & David, A. S.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- Maudsley Hospital (GB)
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Lee, William E.
- Venue
- Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology
- Published
- 2010-12-23
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 253-261
- ISSN
- 0933-7954 (ISSN-L)
- 1433-9285
- PMC
- PMC3355298
- OpenAlex
- W2005281596
- Cited by
- 72
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 1.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute for Health and Care Research
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
- Keywords
- derealization, depersonalization disorder, prevalence, childhood anxiety, childhood adversity, risk factors, emotional abuse, depression, daydreaming, Present State Examination, MRC National Survey of Health and Development, birth cohort
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety, Depersonalization, Depression, Female, United Kingdom, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Models, Psychological, Risk Factors, Cohort Studies, Prevalence, Young Adult
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