Interindividual variability of the modulatory effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on cortical excitability
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Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) appears to have effects on cortical excitability that extend beyond the train of rTMS itself. These effects may be inhibitory or facilitatory and appear to depend on the frequency, intensity, duration and intertrain interval of the rTMS. Many studies assume facilitatory effects of high-frequency rTMS and inhibitory effects of low-frequency rTMS. Nevertheless, the interindividual variability of this modulation of cortical excitability by rTMS has not been systematically investigated. In this study, we applied 240 pulses of rTMS at 90% of the subjects' motor threshold to their motor cortex at different frequencies (1, 10, 15 and 20 Hz) and examined the effects on motor evoked potentials (frequency tuning curve). Although the averaged group data showed a frequency-dependent increase in cortical excitability, each subject had a different pattern of frequency tuning curve, i.e. a different modulatory effect on cortical excitability at different rTMS frequencies. The interindividual variability of these modulatory effects was still high, though less so, when the number of rTMS pulses was increased to 1,600. These findings illustrate the degree of variability of the rTMS effects in the human brain.
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In most subjects, low-frequency TMS leads to a disruption of activity in the stimulated brain region outlasting the duration of TMS.
“In most subjects, low-frequency TMS leads to a disruption of activity in the stimulated brain region outlasting the duration of TMS (51, 52).”
From Disruption of the right temporoparietal junction with transcranial magnetic stimulation reduces the role of beliefs in moral judgments (2010) · cites this paper as [52]
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- Authors
- Maeda, F., Keenan, J. P., Tormos, J. M., Topka, H., & Pascual-Leone, A.
- Affiliations
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
- University of Tübingen (DE)
- Venue
- Experimental Brain Research
- Published
- 2000-08-04
- Volume
- 133
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 425-430
- ISSN
- 0014-4819 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-1106
- OpenAlex
- W1975080710
- Cited by
- 651
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 37 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 9.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Experimental Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RIUCV (Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Martír) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Hispana (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH57980, R01MH057980)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Neurological disorders and treatments
- Keywords
- repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, interindividual variability, cortical excitability, motor cortex, motor evoked potentials, frequency tuning curves, high-frequency rTMS, low-frequency rTMS, motor threshold
- MeSH terms
- Cerebral Cortex, Electric Stimulation, Humans, Evoked Potentials, Motor, Electromagnetic Phenomena
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