Epidemiology of antenatal depression among women with high-risk pregnancies due to obstetric complications: a scoping review
Abstract
Purpose Antenatal depression is a common mental health problem among pregnant women that negatively affects maternal and neonatal outcomes. Women with obstetric complications, defined as high-risk pregnancies, seem to be at particularly increased risk for developing depressive symptomatology. The purpose of this study was to review the prevalence of antenatal depression among pregnant women with obstetric complications and to identify possible associated factors.Methods A literature search was performed in the PubMed database and a scoping review was conducted to identify studies with data on the prevalence of antenatal depression and associated factors among high-risk pregnancies due to obstetric complications. The included studies were written in English and published up to 31/12/2018.Results The prevalence of antenatal depression among pregnant women with high-risk pregnancies ranges from 12.5 to 44.2% among the reviewed studies. The associated factors significantly associated with antenatal depression include maternal age, maternal education, dwelling place, relationship with the partner, previous psychiatric diagnosis, perceived stress, antenatal attachment, abortion thoughts, smoking, diabetes, parity, number of pregnancies, gestational age, threatened preterm labour, preeclampsia and oligohydramnios.Conclusions Our findings indicate a high prevalence of depressive disorders in women with obstetric complications, suggesting the need for more rigorous screening among this population. The identification of associated factors also merits clinical attention. Further research is warranted to develop evidence-based effective screening strategies and relevant interventions.
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Existing studies suggest that hospitalized pregnant women with severe maternal or fetal risk have prevalence rates of up to 39-44% for symptoms of anxiety and depression.
“Existing studies suggest that these women represent a particularly vulnerable group with prevalence rates of up to 39–44% for symptoms of anxiety and depression (5–8).”
From Acceptance, experiences, and needs of hospitalized pregnant women toward an electronic mindfulness-based intervention: A pilot mixed-methods study (2022) · cites this paper as [7]
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“29 Our results indicated that the frequency of risk factors for depression was approximately 1.5 times (59.8% vs. 39.8”
BackgroundInfluentialGiouleka, S., Tsiona, E., Kapetanios, G., Zerva, C., Papazisis, G., Mamopoulos, A. M., Dagklis, T., & Tsakiridis, I. G. (2025) · Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey · doi:10.1097/ogx.0000000000001384 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“…Depression Scale (EPDS) or Patient Health Questionnaire 9 for depression; General Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), EPDS anxiety subscale (items 3, 4, and 5), or State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) for anxiety 33,34 ; and Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) or Composite International Diagnostic Interview…”
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“In high-risk pregnant women in Korea, the prevalence of anxiety is 16%–34% and that of depression is 7%-33.9% [8]; similar rates have been re-ported among high-risk pregnant women in Western countries.”
InfluentialMaternal-fetal attachment among pregnant women at risk for mental health: A Comparative Study
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Depression, anxiety, self-efficacy, and self-esteem in high-risk pregnancy
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“These women are generally at higher risk for developing PND: pre-existing physical or mental health problems are identified risk factors for PND [4] and the prevalence of antenatal depression has been reported to be higher especially in high-risk pregnancies than in those without any risks [41,42].”
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“[7] The prevalence of antenatal depression is about 13%, but can reach 19% among women hospitalized due to the risk of obstetric complications.[9] Overall, previous studies have shown the importance of frequent screening of women with HRP in terms of PD because PD can have negative impacts on the mental health and wel…”
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“52 After experiencing a high-risk pregnancy, mothers are often left with feelings of guilt, depression, and worthlessness due to their inability to meet the idealized expectations of motherhood.”
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“Furthermore, women with HRPs are at an elevated risk of experiencing depressive symptoms [4].”
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“…and psychological experiences of women with at-risk pregnancies revealed a range of feelings, including shock, fear, frustration, grief, isolation and loneliness, anger, sadness. and guilt (Isaacs et al., 2020), and 12.5%-44.2% of the women also evidenced depression (Tsakiridis et al., 2019).”
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“Most evidence regarding antenatal depression reveals that although the prevalence of depressive disorders during pregnancy is high, there is much room for improvement in its detection, diagnosis, and treatment (Tsakiridis et al., 2019).”
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A Survey to Assess Knowledge of Antenatal Care among Rural Women of Gujrat, Pakistan
John, A., Faridi, T. A., Noor, S., Iqbal, N., Muhammad, A. N., & John, N. (2021) · Pakistan BioMedical Journal · doi:10.54393/pbmj.v4i1.83 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Psychosocial Risk Factors Associated with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus a Scoping Review
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Factores de riesgo psicosocial asociados con la diabetes mellitus gestacional. Revisión sistemática
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Family Function Associated with Psychological Symptoms in Pregnant Women during Pandemic of COVID-19
Khoozan, M., Samadi, N., Faramarzi, M., Kheirkhah, F., Shirafkan, H., Barat, S., & Basirat, Z. (2022) · American Journal of Family Therapy · doi:10.1080/01926187.2021.2023335 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
No association between perinatal mood disorders and hypertensive pregnancies
Araji, S., Griffin, A., Kassahun‐Yimer, W., Dixon, L. J., Spencer, S., Belk, S. S., Ohaegbulam, G., & Wallace, K. L. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.898003 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Path analysis of factors affecting depression in medical students
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“Birth-management-related risks include peripartum emergencies, postpartum complications, types of delivery, anaesthesia, etc. [64,65].”
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Risco de depressão na gravidez entre gestantes inseridas na assistência pré-natal de alto risco
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“Furthermore, high-risk pregnancies are associated with a higher risk of antenatal depression compared to low-risk pregnancies 3 .”
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“For example, several studies have shown that the prevalence of antenatal depression in HIV-positive pregnant women is higher [25-26] and that a history of mental health problems increases the risk of developing antenatal depression [27].”
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- Authors
- Tsakiridis, I., Bousi, V., Dagklis, T., Sardeli, C., Nikolopoulou, V., & Papazisis, G.
- Affiliations
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (GR)
- Corresponding author
- Papazisis, Georgios
- Venue
- Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics
- Published
- 2019-08-17
- Volume
- 300
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 849-859
- ISSN
- 0003-9128 (ISSN-L)
- 0932-0067
- 1432-0711
- OpenAlex
- W2968323724
- Cited by
- 80
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 8
- FWCI
- 1.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Pregnancy-related medical research
- Keywords
- antenatal depression, high-risk pregnancy, pregnancy complications, prevalence, risk factors, maternal mental health, preeclampsia, threatened preterm labor, oligohydramnios, diabetes in pregnancy, smoking during pregnancy, parity, depression screening
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Depression, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Prenatal Care, Pregnancy, High-Risk, Delivery, Obstetric, Young Adult
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