Cited by 145Nitric Oxide and Endothelin EffectsCardiovascular Health and Disease PreventionAngiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase transgenic models of endothelial dysfunction

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Atochin, Dmitriy N., Huang, Paul L.·2010·Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology

Abstract

Endothelial production of nitric oxide is critical to the regulation of vascular responses, including vascular tone and regional blood flow, leukocyte-endothelial interactions, platelet adhesion and aggregation, and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. A relative deficiency in the amount of bioavailable vascular NO results in endothelial dysfunction, with conditions that are conducive to the development of atherosclerosis: thrombosis, inflammation, neointimal proliferation, and vasoconstriction. This review focuses on mouse models of endothelial dysfunction caused by direct genetic modification of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene. We first describe the cardiovascular phenotypes of eNOS knockout mice, which are a model of total eNOS gene deficiency and thus the ultimate model of endothelial dysfunction. We then describe S1177A and S1177D eNOS mutant mice as mouse models with altered eNOS phosphorylation and therefore varying degrees of endothelial dysfunction. These include transgenic mice that carry the eNOS S1177A and S1177D transgenes, as well as knockin mice in which the endogenous eNOS gene has been mutated to carry the S1177A and S1177D mutations. Together, eNOS knockout mice and eNOS S1177 mutant mice are useful tools to study the effects of total genetic deficiency of eNOS as well as varying degrees of endothelial dysfunction caused by eNOS S1177 phosphorylation.

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  • Mice overexpressing NOS3 show an anti-obesogenic phenotype characterized by resistance to accumulation of white adipose tissue in response to a high fat diet, a higher metabolic rate, resistance to diet-induced hyperinsulinemia, and remarkably lower plasma levels of free fatty acids and triglycerides.

    “Furthermore, mice overexpressing NOS3 show an anti-obesogenic phenotype characterized by resistance to accumulation of white adipose tissue in response to a high fat diet, a higher metabolic rate, resistance to diet-induced hyperinsulinemia, and remarkably lower plasma levels of free fatty acids and triglycerides [335].”

    From Regulation of obesity and insulin resistance by nitric oxide (2014) · cites this paper as [335]

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Authors
Atochin, D. N., & Huang, P. L.
Affiliations
Harvard University (US)
Corresponding author
Huang, Paul L.
Venue
Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology
Published
2010-08-10
Volume
460
Issue
6
Pages
965-974
ISSN
  • 0031-6768 (ISSN-L)
  • 1432-2013
OpenAlex
W2016856544
Cited by
145
References
90
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 13
FWCI
1.03
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS033335)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer
Keywords
endothelial nitric oxide synthase, endothelial dysfunction, eNOS knockout mice, eNOS phosphorylation, transgenic mouse model, knock-in mice, nitric oxide, atherosclerosis, vascular tone, neointimal proliferation, vasoconstriction
MeSH terms
Animals, Blood Platelets, Cerebral Infarction, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Disease Models, Animal, Endothelium, Heart, Leukocytes, Mice, Transgenic, Mitochondria, Heart, Muscle, Smooth, Vascular, Myocardium, Regional Blood Flow, Mice, Knockout, Amino Acid Substitution, Cell Proliferation, Mice, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III

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