The extracellular matrix and synapses
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules, derived from both neurons and glial cells, are secreted and accumulate in the extracellular space to regulate various aspects of pre- and postsynaptic differentiation, the maturation of synapses, and their plasticity. The emerging mechanisms comprise interactions of agrin, integrin ligands, and reelin, with their cognate cell-surface receptors being coupled to tyrosine kinase activities. These may induce the clustering of postsynaptic receptors and changes in their composition and function. Furthermore, direct interactions of laminins, neuronal pentraxins, and tenascin-R with voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels, alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-proprionic acid (AMPA), and gamma-aminobutyric acid(B) (GABA(B)) receptors, respectively, shape the organization and function of different subsets of synapses. Some of these mechanisms significantly contribute to the induction of long-term potentiation in excitatory synapses, either by the regulation of Ca(2+) entry via N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors or L-type Ca(2+) channels, or by the control of GABAergic inhibition.
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During development, the ECM and CSPGs regulate neuronal migration, axon outgrowth, synaptogenesis and synaptic maturation.
“During development, the ECM, and CSPGs in particular, regulate neuronal migration, axon outgrowth, synaptogenesis and synaptic maturation.23, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31”
From Aggrecan and chondroitin-6-sulfate abnormalities in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a postmortem study on the amygdala (2015) · cites this paper as [30]
PNNs control the lateral mobility of cell surface molecules including glutamatergic receptors, modulate L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels and voltage-gated potassium channels, and affect the local concentration of calcium ions.
“PNNs control the lateral mobility of cell surface molecules including glutamatergic receptors, thus regulating their availability on the postsynaptic membrane specialization, modulate L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels and voltage-gated potassium channels and affect the local concentration of calcium ions.30, 31, 87, 88”
From Aggrecan and chondroitin-6-sulfate abnormalities in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a postmortem study on the amygdala (2015) · cites this paper as [30]
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- Authors
- Dityatev, A., & Schachner, M.
- Affiliations
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Dityatev, Alexander
- Venue
- Cell and Tissue Research
- Published
- 2006-06-10
- Volume
- 326
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 647-654
- ISSN
- 0302-766X (ISSN-L)
- 1432-0878
- OpenAlex
- W2041216210
- Cited by
- 128
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 1.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Cell and Tissue Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Rutgers University Community Repository (Rutgers University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Immunology and Allergy › Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Keywords
- extracellular matrix, synapses, synapse maturation, synaptic plasticity, agrin, integrin ligands, reelin, tyrosine kinase signaling, laminin, tenascin-R, voltage-gated calcium channels, AMPA receptors, GABAB receptors, long-term potentiation, NMDA receptor, L-type calcium channels, GABAergic inhibition, glial cells, neurons
- MeSH terms
- Reelin Protein, Animals, Extracellular Matrix, Humans, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Synaptic Transmission, Neuroglia, Neuronal Plasticity, Neurons, Synapses, Long-Term Potentiation, Receptors, GABA-B, Receptors, AMPA
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