Theta activity and meditative states: spectral changes during concentrative meditation
Abstract
Brain oscillatory activity is associated with different cognitive processes and plays a critical role in meditation. In this study, we investigated the temporal dynamics of oscillatory changes during Sahaj Samadhi meditation (a concentrative form of meditation that is part of Sudarshan Kriya yoga). EEG was recorded during Sudarshan Kriya yoga meditation for meditators and relaxation for controls. Spectral and coherence analysis was performed for the whole duration as well as specific blocks extracted from the initial, middle, and end portions of Sahaj Samadhi meditation or relaxation. The generation of distinct meditative states of consciousness was marked by distinct changes in spectral powers especially enhanced theta band activity during deep meditation in the frontal areas. Meditators also exhibited increased theta coherence compared to controls. The emergence of the slow frequency waves in the attention-related frontal regions provides strong support to the existing claims of frontal theta in producing meditative states along with trait effects in attentional processing. Interestingly, increased frontal theta activity was accompanied reduced activity (deactivation) in parietal-occipital areas signifying reduction in processing associated with self, space and, time.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Localized frontal midline theta increases have been more consistently obtained in meditators, especially during focused attention practices, indicative of concentrated cognitive engagement.
“Instead, localized frontal midline theta increases have been more consistently obtained in meditators,145–147 especially during FA practices, indicative of the concentrated cognitive engagement indexed by frontal midline theta.148,149”
From Awakening is not a metaphor: the effects of Buddhist meditation practices on basic wakefulness (2014) · cites this paper as [147]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
EEG alpha and theta oscillations reflect cognitive and memory performance: a review and analysis
Klimesch, W. (1999) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0165-0173(98)00056-3 · Cited by 6,889 · see citing works
Alterations in brain and immune function produced by mindfulness meditation
Davidson, R. J., Kabat-Zinn, J., Schumacher, J., Rosenkranz, M., Muller, D., Santorelli, S. F., Urbanowski, F., Harrington, A., Bonus, K., & Sheridan, J. F. (2003) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000077505.67574.e3 · Cited by 2,925 · see citing works
Neuronal Synchrony: A Versatile Code for the Definition of Relations?
Singer, W. (1999) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80821-1 · Cited by 2,581 · see citing works
Effectiveness of a meditation-based stress reduction program in the treatment of anxiety disorders
(1992) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.149.7.936 · Cited by 1,941 · see citing works
Meditation states and traits: EEG, ERP, and neuroimaging studies.
Cahn, B. R., & Polich, J. (2006) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.2.180 · Cited by 1,734 · see citing works
Gevins, A. (1997) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/7.4.374 · Cited by 1,623 · see citing works
Short-term meditation training improves attention and self-regulation
Tang, Y.-Y., Ma, Y., Wang, J., Fan, Y., Feng, S., Lu, Q., Yu, Q., Sui, D., Rothbart, M. K., Fan, M., et al. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0707678104 · Cited by 1,597 · see citing works
Mindfulness training modifies subsystems of attention
JHA, A. P., KROMPINGER, J., & BAIME, M. J. (2007) · Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/cabn.7.2.109 · Cited by 1,580 · see citing works
Frontal theta activity in humans increases with memory load in a working memory task
Jensen, O., & Tesche, C. D. (2002) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.2002.01975.x · Cited by 1,379 · see citing works
Consciousness and Self-Regulation
SCHWARTZ, G. E. R., & Shapiro, D. L. (1978) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-2571-0 · Cited by 1,370 · see citing works
Gamma, alpha, delta, and theta oscillations govern cognitive processes
Başar, E., Başar‐Eroğlu, C., Karakaş, S., & Schürmann, M. (2001) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/s0167-8760(00)00145-8 · Cited by 1,219 · see citing works
Neural correlates of attentional expertise in long-term meditation practitioners
Brefczynski-Lewis, J. A., Lutz, A., Schaefer, H. S., Levinson, D. B., & Davidson, R. J. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0606552104 · Cited by 983 · see citing works
Aftanas, L. I., & Golocheikine, S. A. (2001) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/s0304-3940(01)02094-8 · Cited by 865 · see citing works
Frontal midline EEG dynamics during working memory
Onton, J., Arnaud Delorme, A., & Makeig, S. (2005) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.04.014 · Cited by 846 · see citing works
Gating of human theta oscillations by a working memory task
Raghavachari, S., Kahana, M. J., Rizzuto, D. S., Caplan, J. B., Kirschen, M. P., Bourgeois, B., Madsen, J. R., & Lisman, J. E. (2001) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.21-09-03175.2001 · Cited by 792 · see citing works
Mental Training Affects Distribution of Limited Brain Resources
Slagter, H. A., Lutz, A., Greischar, L. L., Francis, A. D., Nieuwenhuis, S., Davis, J. M., & Davidson, R. J. (2007) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0050138 · Cited by 757 · see citing works
An Exploratory Study of a Meditation-based Intervention for Binge Eating Disorder
Kristeller, J. L., & Hallett, C. B. (1999) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/135910539900400305 · Cited by 681 · see citing works
Physiological effects of transcendental meditation
Wallace, R. K. (1970) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.167.3926.1751 · Cited by 653 · see citing works
Stress Reduction through Mindfulness Meditation
Astin, J. A. (2010) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000289116 · Cited by 626 · see citing works
Başar‐Eroğlu, C., Başar, E., Demıralp, T., & Schürmann, M. (1992) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/0167-8760(92)90055-g · Cited by 545 · see citing works
Hölzel, B. K., Ott, U., Hempel, H., Hackl, A., Wolf, K., Stark, R., & Vaitl, D. (2007) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2007.04.074 · Cited by 535 · see citing works
Functional neuroanatomy of altered states of consciousness: The transient hypofrontality hypothesis
Dietrich, A. (2003) · Consciousness and Cognition · doi:10.1016/s1053-8100(02)00046-6 · Cited by 487 · see citing works
Integrating spirituality into treatment: Resources for practitioners.
Miller, W. R. (1999) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/10327-000 · Cited by 463 · see citing works
Marlatt, G. A., & Kristeller, J. L. (1999) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/10327-004 · Cited by 443 · see citing works
Spectral analysis of the EEG in meditation
Banquet, J. P. (1973) · Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/0013-4694(73)90170-3 · Cited by 379 · see citing works
Sauseng, P., Hoppe, J., Klimesch, W., Gerloff, C. P., & Hummel, F. C. (2007) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2006.05286.x · Cited by 365 · see citing works
Electroencephalographic Brain Dynamics Following Manually Responded Visual Targets
Makeig, S., Arnaud Delorme, A., Westerfield, M., Jung, T., Townsend, J., Courchesne, E., & B, T. J. S. A. (2004) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0020176 · Cited by 359 · see citing works
Brain Function and Oscillations
Başar, E. (1999) · Springer series in synergetics · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-59893-7 · Cited by 326 · see citing works
EEG oscillations and recognition memory: Theta correlates of memory retrieval and decision making
Jacobs, J., Hwang, G. M., Curran, T., & Kahana, M. J. (2006) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.02.018 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Deiber, M., Missonnier, P., Bertrand, O., Gold, G., Fazio‐Costa, L., Ibañez, V., & Giannakopoulos, P. (2007) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2007.19.1.158 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
The effects of memory load on event-related EEG desynchronization and synchronization
Krause, C. M., Sillanmäki, L., Koivisto, M., Saarela, C., Häggqvist, A., Laine, M., & Hämäläinen, H. (2000) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/s1388-2457(00)00429-6 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
Event-Induced Theta Responses as a Window on the Dynamics of Memory
BASTIAANSEN, M., & HAGOORT, P. (2003) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/s0010-9452(08)70873-6 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Consciousness and Self-Regulation
Davidson, R. J., SCHWARTZ, G. E. R., & Shapiro, D. L. (1983) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-9317-1 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Concentration and Mindfulness Meditations: Unique Forms of Consciousness?
Dunn, B. R., Hartigan, J. A., & Mikulas, W. L. (1999) · Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback · doi:10.1023/a:1023498629385 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Non-linear dynamic complexity of the human EEG during meditation
Aftanas, L. I., & Golocheikine, S. A. (2002) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/s0304-3940(02)00745-0 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Lehmann, D., Faber, P. L., Achermann, P., Jeanmonod, D., Gianotti, L. R. R., & Pizzagalli, D. A. (2001) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/s0925-4927(01)00116-0 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Phase synchronization between theta and upper alpha oscillations in a working memory task
Schack, B., Klimesch, W., & Sauseng, P. (2005) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2005.03.016 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Travis, F. T., & Wallace, R. K. (1999) · Consciousness and Cognition · doi:10.1006/ccog.1999.0403 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Travis, F., Tecce, J. J., Arenander, A., & Wallace, R. K. (2002) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0301-0511(02)00048-0 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Travis, F. T. (2001) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/s0167-8760(01)00143-x · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Travis, F., Haaga, D. A. F., Hagelin, J., Tanner, M., Arenander, A., Nidich, S., Gaylord-King, C., Grosswald, S., Rainforth, M., & Schneider, R. H. (2010) · Cognitive Processing · doi:10.1007/s10339-009-0343-2 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Event-related alpha and theta responses in a visuo-spatial working memory task
BASTIAANSEN, M. C. M., Posthuma, D., Groot, P. F. C., & de Geus, E. J. C. (2002) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/s1388-2457(02)00303-6 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
The Physiological Correlates of Kundalini Yoga Meditation: A Study of a Yoga Master
Arambula, P., Peper, E., Kawakami, M., & Gibney, K. H. (2001) · Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback · doi:10.1023/a:1011343307783 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Theta bursts: An EEG pattern in normal subjects practising the transcendental meditation technique
Hebert, R., & Lehmann, D. (1977) · Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/0013-4694(77)90176-6 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Theta synchronization predicts efficient memory encoding of concrete and abstract nouns
Weiß, S., Müller, H. M., & Rappelsberger, P. (2000) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/00001756-200008030-00005 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
EEG activity in Carmelite nuns during a mystical experience
Beauregard, M., & Paquette, V. (2008) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2008.08.028 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Gomarus, H. K., Althaus, M., Wijers, A. A., & Minderaa, R. B. (2006) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2005.12.008 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Concentrative meditation enhances preattentive processing: a mismatch negativity study
Srinivasan, N., & Baijal, S. (2007) · NeuroReport · doi:10.1097/wnr.0b013e3282f0d2d8 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Self-citationThe ‘when’ parietal pathway explored by lesion studies
Battelli, L., Walsh, V., Pascual‐Leone, Á., & Cavanagh, P. (2008) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.conb.2008.08.004 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Quantification of phase synchronization phenomena and their importance for verbal memory processes
Schack, B., & Weiß, S. (2005) · Biological Cybernetics · doi:10.1007/s00422-005-0555-1 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Alternative Treatments for Adults with Attention‐Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Arnold, L. E. (2001) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb05788.x · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Meditation improves clinicoelectroencephalographic measures in drug-resistant epileptics
Deepak, K. K., Manchanda, S. K., & Maheshwari, M. C. (1994) · Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback · doi:10.1007/bf01720668 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Babiloni, C., Babiloni, F., Carducci, F., Cappa, S. F., Cincotti, F., Percio, C. D., Miniussi, C., Moretti, D. V., Rossi, S., Sosta, K., et al. (2003) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/s1388-2457(03)00286-4 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Jacobs, G. D., & Lubar, J. F. (1989) · Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1080/08964289.1989.9934575 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Travis, F. T., Tecce, J. J., & Guttman, J. (2000) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0301-0511(00)00063-6 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
A study of electroencephalogram in meditators.
Khare, K., & Nigam, S. K. (2000) · PubMed · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Pan, W., Zhang, L., & Xia, Y. (1994) · PubMed · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Pagano, R., & Warrenburg, S. (1983) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-9317-1_5 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Recent Advances in Event-Related Potential Research
Ogura, C., Koga, Y., & Shimokochi, M. (1996) · University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Luo, L., & Fishell, G. (2008) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.conb.2008.05.001 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 61 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Travis, F., & Shear, J. (2010) · Consciousness and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.concog.2010.01.007 · Cited by 522 · see citing works
Amin, H. U., Malik, A. S., Ahmad, R. F., Badruddin, N., Kamel, N., Hussain, M., & Chooi, W.-T. (2015) · Australasian Physical & Engineering Sciences in Medicine · doi:10.1007/s13246-015-0333-x · Cited by 348 · see citing works
Effect of pulsing in low‐level light therapy
Hashmi, J. T., Huang, Y., Sharma, S. K., Kurup, D. B., Taboada, L. H. D., Carroll, J. D., & Hamblin, M. R. (2010) · Lasers in Surgery and Medicine · doi:10.1002/lsm.20950 · Cited by 314 · see citing works
Occipital gamma activation during Vipassana meditation
Cahn, B. R., Delorme, A., & Polich, J. (2010) · Cognitive Processing · doi:10.1007/s10339-009-0352-1 · Cited by 300 · see citing works
Lippelt, D. P., Hommel, B., & Colzato, L. S. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01083 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
Review of the Neural Oscillations Underlying Meditation
Lee, D. J., Kulubya, E. S., Goldin, P. R., Goodarzi, A., & Girgis, F. (2018) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00178 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Increased Gamma Brainwave Amplitude Compared to Control in Three Different Meditation Traditions
Braboszcz, C., Cahn, B. R., Levy, J., Fernandez, M., & Delorme, A. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0170647 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Berkovich-Ohana, A., Dor-Ziderman, Y., Glicksohn, J., & Goldstein, A. (2013) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00912 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Amihai, I., & Kozhevnikov, M. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0102990 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Quantitative change of EEG and respiration signals during mindfulness meditation
Ahani, A., Wahbeh, H., Nezamfar, H., Miller, M., Erdogmus, D., & Oken, B. (2014) · Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/1743-0003-11-87 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Awakening is not a metaphor: the effects of Buddhist meditation practices on basic wakefulness
Britton, W. B., Lindahl, J. R., Cahn, B. R., Davis, J. H., & Goldman, R. E. (2014) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.12279 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Meditation and mindfulness in clinical practice
Simkin, D. R., & Black, N. B. (2014) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.chc.2014.03.002 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
The exploration of meditation in the neuroscience of attention and consciousness
Raffone, A., & Srinivasan, N. (2010) · Cognitive Processing · doi:10.1007/s10339-009-0354-z · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Self-citationVecchiato, G., Tieri, G., Jelić, A., Matteis, F. D., Maglione, A. G., & Babiloni, F. (2015) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01944 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Cahn, B. R., Arnaud Delorme, A., & Polich, J. M. (2012) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nss060 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Larson, M. J., Steffen, P. R., & Primosch, M. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00308 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Psychophysiological Correlates of Flow-Experience
Peifer, C. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-2359-1_8 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Cerebral blood flow differences between long-term meditators and non-meditators
Newberg, A. B., Wintering, N., Waldman, M. R., Amen, D., Khalsa, D. S., & Alavi, A. A. (2010) · Consciousness and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.concog.2010.05.003 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Lee, E., Bhattacharya, J., Sohn, C., & Verres, R. (2012) · Complementary Therapies in Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2012.07.002 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Kora, P., Meenakshi, K., Swaraja, K., Rajani, A., & Raju, M. S. (2021) · Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2021.101329 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
A Systematic Review of Transcendent States Across Meditation and Contemplative Traditions
Wahbeh, H., Sagher, A., Back, W., Pundhir, P., & Travis, F. T. (2017) · EXPLORE · doi:10.1016/j.explore.2017.07.007 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Panda, R., Bharath, R. D., Upadhyay, N., Mangalore, S., Chennu, S., & Rao, S. L. (2016) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00372 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Chuang, L.-Y., Huang, C., & Hung, T. (2013) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2013.10.002 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Studying the default mode and its mindfulness-induced changes using EEG functional connectivity
Berkovich-Ohana, A., Glicksohn, J., & Goldstein, A. (2014) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nst153 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Comparison of Brain Activity During Drawing and Clay Sculpting: A Preliminary qEEG Study
Kruk, K. A., Aravich, P. F., Deaver, S. P., & deBeus, R. (2014) · Art Therapy · doi:10.1080/07421656.2014.903826 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Rivest-Gadbois, E., & Boudrias, M. (2019) · Complementary Therapies in Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2019.03.021 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Issues and Perspectives in Meditation Research: In Search for a Definition
Awasthi, B. (2013) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00613 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
EEG Derived Neuronal Dynamics during Meditation: Progress and Challenges
Kaur, C., & Singh, P. B. (2015) · Advances in Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1155/2015/614723 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
A Critical Analysis on Characterizing the Meditation Experience Through the Electroencephalogram
Deolindo, C. S., Ribeiro, M. W., Aratanha, M. A., Afonso, R. F., Irrmischer, M., & Kozasa, E. H. (2020) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2020.00053 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Grassini, S., Segurini, G. V., & Koivisto, M. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.871143 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Content-free awareness: EEG-fcMRI correlates of consciousness as such in an expert meditator
Winter, U., LeVan, P., Borghardt, T. L., Akin, B., Wittmann, M., Leyens, Y., & Schmidt, S. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.03064 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Electroencephalographic correlates of states of concentrative meditation
DeLosAngeles, D., Williams, G. J., Burston, J., Fitzgibbon, S. P., Lewis, T. W., Grummett, T. S., Clark, C. R., Pope, K. J., & Willoughby, J. O. (2016) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2016.09.020 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
EEG Spectral Analysis on OM Mantra Meditation: A Pilot Study
Harne, B. P., & Hiwale, A. S. (2018) · Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback · doi:10.1007/s10484-018-9391-7 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Binaural Beats through the Auditory Pathway: From Brainstem to Connectivity Patterns
Perez, H. D. O., Dumas, G., & Lehmann, A. (2020) · eNeuro · doi:10.1523/eneuro.0232-19.2020 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Yang, H., Leaver, A. M., Siddarth, P., Paholpak, P., Ercoli, L., St. Cyr, N. M., Eyre, H. A., Narr, K. L., Khalsa, D. S., & Lavretsky, H. (2016) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2016.00277 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Gootjes, L., Franken, I. H. A., & Van Strien, J. W. (2011) · Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1027/0269-8803/a000043 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
The Psychophysiology of Flow Experience
Peifer, C., & Tan, J. S. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-53468-4_8 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Baijal, S., Jha, A. P., Kiyonaga, A., Singh, R., & Srinivasan, N. (2011) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00153 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Self-citationEEG manifestations of nondual experiences in meditators
Berman, A. E., & Stevens, L. C. (2014) · Consciousness and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.concog.2014.10.002 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
The Best Self Visualization Method: Clinical Implications and Physiological Correlates
Schussel, L. (2018) · doi:10.7916/d82z2pdq · Cited by 53 · see citing works
EEG-guided meditation: A personalized approach
Fingelkurts, A. A., Fingelkurts, A. A., & Kallio-Tamminen, T. (2015) · Journal of Physiology-Paris · doi:10.1016/j.jphysparis.2015.03.001 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Chan, S. H. W., Yu, C. K.-C., & Li, A. W. O. (2021) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/j.pec.2020.07.022 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Analysis of the meditation brainwave from consumer EEG device
Surangsrirat, D., & Intarapanich, A. (2015) · IEEE SoutheastCon · doi:10.1109/secon.2015.7133005 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Time course of EEG oscillations during repeated listening of a well-known aria
Jäncke, L., Kühnis, J., Rogenmoser, L., & Elmer, S. (2015) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2015.00401 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Hudak, J., Hanley, A. W., Marchand, W. R., Nakamura, Y., Yabko, B. A., & Garland, E. L. (2020) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-020-00831-4 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Garland, E. L., Hanley, A. W., Hudak, J., Nakamura, Y., & Froeliger, B. (2022) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.abo4455 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Lee, Y.-H., Shiah, Y., Chen, S. C.-J., Wang, S.-F., Young, M., & Lin, C. (2014) · The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine · doi:10.1089/acm.2013.0465 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
The Neurobiology of Meditation and Mindfulness
Esch, T. (2013) · Studies in neuroscience, consciousness and spirituality · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-01634-4_9 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Ben‐Soussan, T. D., Berkovich‐Ohana, A., Glicksohn, J., & Goldstein, A. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00055 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Electrocortical Activity Prior to Unpredictable Stimuli in Meditators and Nonmeditators
Radin, D. I., Vieten, C., Michel, L., & Arnaud Delorme, A. (2011) · EXPLORE · doi:10.1016/j.explore.2011.06.004 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Baseline brain activity predicts response to neuromodulatory pain treatment
Jensen, M. P., Sherlin, L. H., Fregni, F., Gianas, A., Howe, J. D., & Hakimian, S. (2014) · Pain Medicine · doi:10.1111/pme.12546 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
A case study of a meditation-induced altered state: increased overall gamma synchronization
Berkovich‐Ohana, A. (2015) · Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1007/s11097-015-9435-x · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Complementary, Holistic, and Integrative Medicine: Meditation Practices for Pediatric Health
Sibinga, E. M., & Kemper, K. J. (2010) · Pediatrics in Review · doi:10.1542/pir.31-12-e91 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
The beneficial effects of Qigong on elderly depression
Chan, S. H., & Tsang, H. W. H. (2019) · International review of neurobiology · doi:10.1016/bs.irn.2019.06.004 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Dissanayaka, C., Simon, E. B., Gruberger, M., Maron‐Katz, A., Sharon, H., Hendler, T., & Cvetković, D. (2015) · Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing · doi:10.1007/s11517-015-1272-0 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Hunter, M. A., Lieberman, G., Coffman, B. A., Trumbo, M., Armenta, M., Robinson, C. S. H., Bezdek, M. A., O'Sickey, A. J., Jones, A. P., Romero, V. L., et al. (2018) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00685 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Imperatori, C., Bersani, F. S., Massullo, C., Carbone, G. A., Salvati, A., Mazzi, G., Cicerale, G., Carrara, A., & Farina, B. (2020) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2020.134956 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Lower trait frontal theta activity in mindfulness meditators
Tanaka, G. K., Peressutti, C., Teixeira, S. S., Cagy, M., Piedade, R. A. M., Nardi, A. E., Ribeiro, P. F. M., & Velasques, B. (2014) · Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria · doi:10.1590/0004-282x20140133 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Wong, W. P., Camfield, D., Woods, W., Sarris, J. J., & Pipingas, A. (2015) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.07.006 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Neuroscience of the yogic theory of consciousness
Tripathi, V., & Bharadwaj, P. (2021) · Neuroscience of Consciousness · doi:10.1093/nc/niab030 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
EEG source imaging during two Qigong meditations
Faber, P. L., Lehmann, D., Tei, S., Tsujiuchi, T., Kumano, H., Pascual-Marqui, R. D., & Kochi, K. (2012) · Cognitive Processing · doi:10.1007/s10339-012-0441-4 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Pattern Theory of Selflessness: How Meditation May Transform the Self-Pattern
Berkovich‐Ohana, A., Brown, K. W., Gallagher, S., Barendregt, H. P., Bauer, P. R., Giommi, F., Nyklı́ček, I., Ostafin, B. D., Raffone, A., Slagter, H. A., et al. (2024) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-024-02418-2 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Young, J. H., Arterberry, M. E., & Martin, J. P. (2021) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2021.628417 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Thibaut, A., Russo, C., Puerto, A. M. H., Morales-Quezada, J. L., Deitos, A., Petrozza, J. C., Freedman, S. D., & Fregni, F. (2017) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2017.00576 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Intrinsic neural timescales exhibit different lengths in distinct meditation techniques
Ventura, B., Çatal, Y., Wolman, A., Buccellato, A., Cooper, A. C., & Northoff, G. (2024) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120745 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Campelo, G., de Araújo, J. R., Aristizabal, J. P., de Souza, W. C., & de Castilho, G. M. (2025) · BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies · doi:10.1186/s12906-025-04825-x · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Kaushik, M., Jain, A., Agarwal, P., Joshi, S. D., & Parvez, S. (2020) · Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine · doi:10.1177/2515690x20949451 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Mahady, A., Takac, M., & Foe, A. D. (2023) · Consciousness and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.concog.2023.103477 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Die neuronale Basis von Meditation und Achtsamkeit
Esch, T. (2014) · SUCHT - Zeitschrift für Wissenschaft und Praxis / Journal of Addiction Research and Practice · doi:10.1024/0939-5911.a000288 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Meditators Exercise Better Endogenous and Exogenous Control of Visual Awareness
Srinivasan, N., Tripathi, S., & Singhal, I. (2020) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-020-01496-2 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Self-citationDuda, A. T., Clarke, A. R., Barry, R. J., & Blasio, F. M. D. (2024) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2024.112465 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Tackling the Electro-Topography of the Selves Through the Sphere Model of Consciousness
Paoletti, P., Leshem, R., PELLEGRINO, M. A., & Ben‐Soussan, T. D. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.836290 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Kharya, C., Bhaskar, L., Tripathi, V., Kotabagi, V., Bhatia, M., & Kochupillai, V. (2020) · International Journal of Yoga · doi:10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_25_19 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Brain Connectivity Based Classification of Meditation Expertise
Pandey, P., Gupta, P., & Miyapuram, K. P. (2021) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-86993-9_9 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Psychoneuroimmunology of Meditation
Magan, D., & Yadav, R. K. (2022) · Annals of Neurosciences · doi:10.1177/09727531221109117 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Payne, J., Baell, O., Geddes, H., Fitzgibbon, B. M., Emonson, M., Hill, A. T., Dam, N. T. V., Humble, G., Fitzgerald, P. B., & Bailey, N. W. (2019) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-019-01287-4 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Travis, F. T. (2020) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina56120712 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Task Context Influences Brain Activation during Music Listening
Markovic, A., Kühnis, J., & Jäncke, L. (2017) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00342 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Mindfulness meditation alters neural oscillations independently of arousal
Duda, A. T., Clarke, A. R., & Barry, R. J. (2024) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2024.112439 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Electroencephalography when meditation advances: a case-based time-series analysis
Tsai, J.-F., Jou, S., Cho, W., & Lin, C.-M. (2013) · Cognitive Processing · doi:10.1007/s10339-013-0563-3 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Cognitive Consequences of Aging With HIV
Vance, D. E., McDougall, G. J., Wilson, N., Debiasi, M. O., & Cody, S. L. (2014) · Topics in Geriatric Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/tgr.0000000000000002 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Sandler, H., Tamm, S., Fendel, U., Rose, M., Klapp, B. F., & Bösel, R. (2016) · Brain Topography · doi:10.1007/s10548-016-0480-8 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Post-training Meditation Promotes Motor Memory Consolidation
Immink, M. A. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01698 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Fang, G., Yang, P., Cui, J., Yao, D., Brauth, S. E., & Tang, Y. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0052364 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Integration of Basic Controversies in Cross-cultural Psychology
Poortinga, Y. H. (2016) · Psychology and Developing Societies · doi:10.1177/0971333616657169 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Hausswirth, C., Nesi, X., Dubois, A., Duforez, F., Rougier, Y., & Slattery, K. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.854474 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Modulation of EEG Theta Band Signal Complexity by Music Therapy
Bhattacharya, J., & Lee, E. (2016) · International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos · doi:10.1142/s0218127416500012 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Lin, Y., Gloe, L. M., Louis, C. C., Eckerle, W. D., Fisher, M. E., & Moser, J. S. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-71122-7 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Beyond mindfulness: Arousal-driven modulation of attentional control during arousal-based practices
Kozhevnikov, M., Strasser, A., McDougal, E., Dhond, R. P., & Samuel, G. B. (2022) · Current Research in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.crneur.2022.100053 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Neurophysiological mechanisms of focused attention meditation: A scoping systematic review
Lieberman, J. M., McConnell, P. A., Estarellas, M., & Sacchet, M. D. (2025) · Imaging Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/imag.a.14 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Komori, T. (2018) · Mental Illness · doi:10.4081/mi.2018.7881 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Sahni, P., & Kumar, J. (2020) · Annals of Neurosciences · doi:10.1177/0972753121990143 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Fu, H., Garrett, B., Tao, G., Cordingley, E., Ofoghi, Z., Taverner, T., Sun, C., & Cheung, T. (2021) · JMIR Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.2196/26332 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Singh, S., Gupta, K. V., Behera, L., & Bhushan, B. (2024) · Biomedical Signal Processing and Control · doi:10.1016/j.bspc.2024.106813 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
The Effects of Concentrative Meditation on the Electroencephalogram in Novice Meditators
Duda, A. T., Clarke, A. R., Blasio, F. M. D., Rout, T. W., & Barry, R. J. (2021) · Clinical EEG and Neuroscience · doi:10.1177/15500594211065897 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
From Trance to Transcendence: A Neurocognitive Approach
Glicksohn, J., & Ohana, A. B. (2011) · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Intracerebral source generators characterizing concentrative meditation
Lavallee, C. F., Hunter, M. D., & Persinger, M. A. (2011) · Cognitive Processing · doi:10.1007/s10339-011-0394-z · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Singh, D., Nagendra, H. R., Budhi, R. B., & Visweswaraiah, N. K. (2019) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.10.029 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Bursky, M., Egglefield, D. A., Schiff, S., Premnath, P. Y., & Sneed, J. R. (2022) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci12050663 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Shaw, L., & Routray, A. (2018) · Cognitive Processing · doi:10.1007/s10339-018-0869-2 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
- Authors
- Baijal, S., & Srinivasan, N.
- Affiliations
- University of Allahabad (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Srinivasan, Narayanan
- Venue
- Cognitive Processing
- Published
- 2009-07-22
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 31-38
- ISSN
- 1612-4782 (ISSN-L)
- 1612-4790
- OpenAlex
- W1966494524
- Cited by
- 187
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 8.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Cognitive Processing (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Mind wandering and attention
- Keywords
- theta oscillations, concentrative meditation, Sudarshan Kriya Yoga, meditative states, frontal theta activity, theta coherence, EEG spectral power, attention, relaxation, neural oscillations
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Analysis of Variance, Attention, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Spectrum Analysis, Theta Rhythm, Negotiating, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review