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Genetic and Environmental Contributions to Loneliness in Adults: The Netherlands Twin Register Study
Open accessAbstract
Heritability estimates based on two small studies in children indicate that the genetic contribution to individual differences in loneliness is approximately 50%. Heritability estimates of complex traits such as loneliness may change across the lifespan, however, as the frequency, duration, and range of exposure to environmental influences accrues, or as the expression of genetic factors changes. We examined data on loneliness from 8,387 young adult and adult Dutch twins who had participated in longitudinal survey studies. A measure of loneliness was developed based on factor analyses of items of the YASR (The Young Adult Self Report). Variation in loneliness was analyzed with genetic structural equation models. The estimate of genetic contributions to variation in loneliness in adults was 48%, which is similar to the heritability estimates found previously in children. There was no evidence for sex or age differences in genetic architecture. Sex differences in prevalence were significant, but we did not see an association with age or birth cohort. All resemblance between twin relatives was explained by shared genes, without any suggestion of a contribution of shared environmental factors.
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“These studies indicate that the heritability of individual differences in perceived isolation is approximately 50%.”
From Social isolation (2011) · cites this paper as [61]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Boomsma, D. I., Willemsen, G., Dolan, C. V., Hawkley, L. C., & Cacioppo, J. T.
- Affiliations
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
- University of Amsterdam (NL)
- University of Chicago (US)
- Corresponding author
- Boomsma, Dorret I.
- Venue
- Behavior Genetics
- Published
- 2005-11
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 745-752
- ISSN
- 0001-8244 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3297
- OpenAlex
- W2113803662
- Cited by
- 191
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 3.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- research.vu.nl
- Licence
- other-oa
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Behavior Genetics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) (publishedVersion)
- VU Research Portal (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Digital Academic REpository of VU University Amsterdam (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (904-61-193, 904-61-090, 985-10002, 575-25-006)
- National Institute on Aging (P01AG18911, P01AG018911)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
- Keywords
- loneliness, heritability, genetic architecture, twin studies, shared environment, sex differences, age differences, birth cohort, young adults, adult twins
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Environment, Genetics, Behavioral, Health Surveys, Humans, Loneliness, Longitudinal Studies, Netherlands, Registries
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