Genetic and Environmental Contributions to Loneliness in Children
Abstract
This report presents the results of the first behavioral genetic studies of children's loneliness. Data were collected using both an adoption design and a twin-sibling design. As part of the Colorado Adoption Project, 133 sibling pairs (69 biologically related pairs and 64 unrelated pairs in adoptive families) completed a general loneliness scale when they were 9, 10, 11, and 12 years old. As part of the San Diego Sibling Study, 142 sibling pairs (22 monozygotic twin, 40 dizygotic twin, and 80 full-sibling pairs) between the ages of 8 and 14 years old completed a scale assessing loneliness at school. Both studies showed significant heritability and nonshared environmental influences for children's loneliness.
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Individual differences in perceived social isolation are about 50% heritable.
“These studies indicate that the heritability of individual differences in perceived isolation is approximately 50%.”
From Social isolation (2011) · cites this paper as [59]
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Yüzme Eğitiminin Çocukların Yalnızlık Düzeylerine Etkisi: Deneysel Bir Çalışma
Kalkan, M., Tekat, A., Koç, H. E., & Sözen, H. (2010) · DergiPark (Istanbul University)
Abilities, Difficulties, and Developmental Perspectives
Margalit, M. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-6284-3_2
Adams, R. N. (2016) · Purdue e-Pubs (Purdue University System) · doi:10.7912/c2hg66
The "Unfinished Sentences" Technique in Studying Loneliness Phenomenon
Пузанова, Ж. В. (2011) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)
van der Ploeg, J. (2017) · Bohn Stafleu van Loghum eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-90-368-1953-4_6
van der Ploeg, J. (2017) · Bohn Stafleu van Loghum eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-90-368-1953-4_3
onely people choose money over relationships in pursuit of happiness
김가영, Suh, E. M., & Lim, N. (2016) · 한국심리학회지 사회및성격 · doi:10.21193/kjspp.2016.30.1.001
Neem eenzaamheid op in de DSM-5
Ploeg, J. V. D. (2019) · GZ - Psychologie · doi:10.1007/s41480-019-0006-6
Family Disruption and Child Neurobehavioral Development: an Epidemiological Perspective
Xerxa, Y. (2021) · RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam)
Bucher, A. A. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-67022-4_3
Disciplinary and Methodological Pluralism in Loneliness Studies
Swader, C. S., & Ayón, R. S. G. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-02959-1_4
The etiology of loneliness: insights from twin and family, genome-wide, and epigenetic studies
Freilich, C. D., & Krueger, R. F. (2025) · Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.cobeha.2025.101618
Winterton, A., Rødevand, L. N., Westlye, L. T., den Steen, N. V., Andreassen, O. A., & Quintana, D. S. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12246782
Winterton, A., Rødevand, L. N., Westlye, L. T., den Steen, N. V., Andreassen, O. A., & Quintana, D. S. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12246797
Winterton, A., Rødevand, L. N., Westlye, L. T., den Steen, N. V., Andreassen, O. A., & Quintana, D. S. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12246788
- Authors
- McGuire, S., & Clifford, J.
- Affiliations
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Corresponding author
- McGuire, Shirley
- ORCID
- McGuire, Shirley
- Venue
- Psychological Science
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2000-11
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 487-491
- ISSN
- 0956-7976 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-9280
- OpenAlex
- W2137467843
- Cited by
- 94
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 1.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH043899, MH 43899)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD 10333, R01HD010333, R01HD018426, HD 18426)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
- Keywords
- loneliness, children, heritability, nonshared environment, adoption, twin studies, sibling pairs, Colorado Adoption Project
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adoption, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Genotype, Humans, Loneliness, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Social Environment, Twins
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