Impact of hypocaloric hyperproteic diet on gut microbiota in overweight or obese patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a pilot study
Open accessAbstract
Background NAFLD is likely to become the most common cause of chronic liver disease. The first-line treatment includes weight loss.Aims To analyze the impact of a hypocaloric hyperproteic diet (HHD) on gut microbiota in NAFLD patients.Methods Fifteen overweight/obese patients with NAFLD were included. At baseline and after a 3-week HHD (Eurodiets(®), ~1000 kcal/day, ~125 g protein/day), we measured gut microbiota composition and function by shotgun metagenomics; body weight; body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis; liver and visceral fat by magnetic resonance imaging; plasma C-reactive protein (CRP); and liver tests. Results between both time points, expressed as median (first and third quartile), were compared by Wilcoxon signed-rank tests.Results At baseline, age was 50 (47-55) years and body mass index 34.6 (32.4, 36.7) kg/m(2). HDD decreased body weight by 3.6 % (p < 0.001), percent liver fat by 65 % (p < 0.001), and CRP by 19 % (p = 0.014). HDD was associated with a decrease in Lachnospira (p = 0.019), an increase in Blautia (p = 0.026), Butyricicoccus (p = 0.024), and changes in several operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of Bacteroidales and Clostridiales. The reduced liver fat was negatively correlated with bacteria belonging to the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla (a Ruminococcaceae OTU, r = -0.83; Bacteroides, r = -0.73). The associated metabolic changes concerned mostly enzymes involved in amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism.Conclusions In this pilot study, HHD changes gut microbiota composition and function in overweight/obese NAFLD patients, in parallel with decreased body weight, liver fat, and systemic inflammation. Future studies should aim to confirm these bacterial changes and understand their mode of action.Trail registration Under clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01477307.
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Some dietary intervention studies associated weight loss with reduced abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria.
“Some dietary intervention studies, paradoxically, associated weight loss with reduced abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria.84, 90–93”
From Influence of the Gut Microbiome, Diet, and Environment on Risk of Colorectal Cancer (2020) · cites this paper as [90]
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- Authors
- Pataky, Z., Genton, L., Spahr, L., Lazarevic, V., Terraz, S., Gaïa, N., Rubbia-Brandt, L., Golay, A., Schrenzel, J., & Pichard, C.
- Affiliations
- University of Geneva (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Pataky, Zoltan
- ORCID
- Venue
- Digestive Diseases and Sciences
- Published
- 2016-05-03
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 2721-2731
- ISSN
- 0163-2116 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-2568
- OpenAlex
- W2346281792
- Cited by
- 75
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5
- FWCI
- 3.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- Locations
- Digestive Diseases and Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Eurodiet
- Flags Foundation
- Research Fund of the Department of Internal Medicine of the University Hospital
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Keywords
- non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, gut microbiota, weight loss, obesity, overweight, liver fat, systemic inflammation, C-reactive protein, Lachnospira, Blautia, Butyricicoccus, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Ruminococcaceae, Bacteroides, amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism
- MeSH terms
- Eubacteriales, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Adipose Tissue, Alanine Transaminase, Aspartate Aminotransferases, Bacteroides, Blood Glucose, Body Composition, C-Reactive Protein, Cholesterol, Classification, Dietary Proteins, DNA, Bacterial, Female, gamma-Glutamyltransferase, Humans, Cholesterol, HDL, Cholesterol, LDL, Liver, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Pilot Projects, Prospective Studies, Triglycerides, Cohort Studies, Electric Impedance, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Caloric Restriction, Intra-Abdominal Fat, Overweight, Metagenomics, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
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