Rapid declines in coronary heart disease mortality in Eastern Europe are associated with increased consumption of oils rich in alpha-linolenic acid
Abstract
During the 1980's, opposing time trends were observed in coronary heart disease (CHD) rates between Eastern and Western European countries. In all former socialistic economic countries, CHD was uniformly increasing or stable, but a steady decline in CHD was observed in Western European countries. Surprisingly, during the 1990's CHD mortality substantially decreased in some Eastern European countries but not in others. These changes were accompanied by major shifts in food consumption, including the type of vegetable oils used by the population. There are two major vegetable oils consumed in Eastern Europe (rapeseed and sunflower) that differ greatly in their content of n-3 fatty acids, specifically alpha-linolenic acid (ALA). Low ALA intake has been associated with risk of fatal CHD and sudden cardiac death. The purpose of this study was to examine trends in CHD in eleven Eastern European countries to identify whether national changes in vegetable oil consumption after 1990 were associated with changes in CHD mortality rates. Our data show that countries which experienced an increase in ALA consumption also experienced a substantial decline in CHD mortality. These results were consistent in men and women. We hypothesize that the decline in CHD mortality observed in Eastern Europe can be attributed, in part, to changes in ALA consumption.
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National interventions and natural experiments suggest that changes in food pricing can substantially alter risk of clinical events over relatively short time periods.
“In addition to observational studies and shorter-term interventions, national interventions and natural experiments suggest that changes in food pricing can substantially alter risk of clinical events over relatively short time periods.”
From Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2012) · cites this paper as [180]
Several Eastern European countries experienced dramatically divergent increases or decreases in cardiovascular mortality in the years after the fall of the Soviet Union.
“For example, several Eastern European countries experienced dramatically divergent increases or decreases in cardiovascular mortality in the years after the fall of the Soviet Union.180”
From Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2012) · cites this paper as [180]
Differences in consumption of vegetable oils in place of animal fats were related to differences between countries in changes in subsidies and pricing of fats and oils.
“These differences in consumption were related to differences between countries in changes in subsidies and pricing of fats and oils.180”
From Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2012) · cites this paper as [180]
The best predictor of these changes in cardiovascular mortality was the degree of increased consumption of vegetable oils, in particular those containing plant-derived omega-3 fats, in place of animal fats.
“The best predictor of these changes was the degree of increased consumption of vegetable oils, in particular, those containing plant-derived omega-3 fats, in place of animal fats.”
From Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2012) · cites this paper as [180]
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- Authors
- Zatonski, W., Campos, H., & Willett, W.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Venue
- European Journal of Epidemiology
- Published
- 2007-10-23
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 3-10
- ISSN
- 0393-2990 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-7284
- OpenAlex
- W2044237821
- Cited by
- 119
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 7.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- European Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Healthcare Systems and Public Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Keywords
- coronary heart disease mortality, alpha-linolenic acid, vegetable oil consumption, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, omega-3 fatty acids, dietary change, Eastern Europe, Western Europe, sudden cardiac death, mortality trends
- MeSH terms
- Sunflower Oil, Coronary Disease, Diet, Europe, Eastern, Feeding Behavior, Female, Geography, Humans, Male, Mortality, Plant Oils, Soybean Oil, alpha-Linolenic Acid
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