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Cited by 19Cardiac Arrhythmias and TreatmentsCardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmiasHeart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control

Experimental model of inappropriate sinus tachycardia: initiation and ablation

Scherlag, Benjamin J., Yamanashi, William S., Amin, Rohit, Lazzara, Ralph, Jackman, Warren M.·2005·Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology
DOI 10.1007/s10840-005-1045-z
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Abstract

Objective The purpose of the present study was to develop an experimental model of inappropriate sinus tachycardia (IST) by injecting a catecholamine into a fat pad containing autonomic ganglia (AG) innervating the sinus node (SN).Methods Initial protocols in 3 groups of pentobarbital anesthetized dogs consisted of (1) slowing the heart rate (HR) by electrical stimulation of AG in the fat pad; (2) the effect of intravenous injection of epinephrine (0.1-0.3 mg) on the HR and systolic blood pressure (BP); (3) the response of SN rate to intravenously injected isoproterenol (1 microgm/kg). These studies established a reference for the response to epinephrine injection (mean dose 0.2 +/- 0.9 mg, n = 14) into the fat pad at the base of the right superior pulmonary vein (RSPV). ECG leads, right atrial and His bundle electrograms, BP and core body temperature were continuously monitored.Results Epinephrine, injected into the fat pad, caused a significant increase in heart rate (HR, average: 211 +/- 11/min, p < 0.05 compared to control) but little change in systolic BP, 149 +/- 10 mmHg, p = NS (Group I, N = 8). The tachycardia lasted >30 minutes. Ice mapping and P wave morphology showed the tachycardia origin in the SN in 6/8 and in the crista terminalis (CT) in 2. Injection of 0.4 cc of formaldehyde into the FP restored HR (159 +/- 16) toward baseline (154 +/- 18). In Group II (N = 6), the same regimen induced a significant increase in both HR and systolic BP (194 +/- 17/min and 230 +/- 24 mmHg, respectively) compared to control values (143 +/- 23/min, 162 +/- 24 mmHg) which lasted for > 30 minutes. Ice mapping and P wave morphology showed that the pacemaker was in the SN (1), overlying the CT (2), or atrioventricular junction (2). Formaldehyde (0.4 cc) injected into the FP restored both HR and systolic BP toward baseline values (148 +/- 29/min and 152 +/- 24 mmHg, p = NS) and prevented, slowing of the HR by electrical stimulation of the AG; moreover, the same dose of epinephrine injected intravenously increased HR and SBP but only for 2-5 minutes; Isoproterenol (1 microg/kg) injected intravenously induced essentially the same increase in sinus rate after AG ablation as in the control state (194 +/- 15/min vs 193 +/- 23/min, p = NS).Conclusion Experimental IST is mainly localized in the SN or CT. Ablation of the AG terminates IST without impairing the SN response to an adrenergic challenge.

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  • While animal models of IST have been proposed, no compelling model exists.

    “While animal models of IST have been proposed 38,39 no compelling model exists. 1”

    From Inappropriate sinus tachycardia (2019) · cites this paper as [39]

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Authors
Scherlag, B. J., Yamanashi, W. S., Amin, R., Lazzara, R., & Jackman, W. M.
Affiliations
University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (US)
Corresponding author
Scherlag, Benjamin J.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2005-06
Volume
13
Issue
1
Pages
21-29
ISSN
  • 1383-875X (ISSN-L)
  • 1572-8595
DOI
10.1007/s10840-005-1045-z
OpenAlex
W1963744606
Cited by
19
References
22
Citations by year
2022: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2012: 3
FWCI
1.14
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Arrhythmias and Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
Keywords
inappropriate sinus tachycardia, animal models, epinephrine injection, fat pad, autonomic ganglia, sinoatrial node, crista terminalis, isoproterenol, atrioventricular junction, atrial tachycardia, atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter ablation
MeSH terms
Animals, Catecholamines, Disease Models, Animal, Dogs, Electrocardiography, Epinephrine, Female, Heart Rate, Injections, Intravenous, Male, Probability, Sensitivity and Specificity, Sinoatrial Node, Tachycardia, Sinus, Catheter Ablation

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