Adrenal changes associated with adrenarche
Open accessAbstract
The mechanisms causing the rise in adrenal androgen production during the course of adrenarche remain to be defined. However, the increase in steroid release is clearly associated with a series of intra-adrenal changes in the expression of steroidogenic enzymes needed for dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) production, as well as an expansion of the adrenal zona reticularis (ZR). We and others have defined the adrenal expression pattern of key steroidogenic enzymes during adrenarche. As adrenarche proceeds, the expanding ZR expresses greater levels of cytochrome b5 (CYB5) and steroid sulfotransferase (SULT2A1) than the adjacent fasciculata. In contrast, the growing ZR is deficient in 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (HSD3B2). The resulting profile of steroidogenic enzymes lends itself to the production of adrenal androgens and appears to track the progression of adrenarche. This article reviews the intra-adrenal changes of the adrenal cortex associated with adrenarche.
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During adrenarche, development of distinct zona reticularis is accompanied by extreme increase in adrenal androgen precursor production due to decreased expression of HSD3B2 in conjunction with increased CYB5A expression.
“During that time, the development of a distinct zona reticularis is accompanied by an extreme increase in the adrenal androgen precursor production due to the decreased expression of HSD3B2 in conjunction with increased CYB5A expression [[34], [35], [36], [37], [38]].”
From Human steroid biosynthesis, metabolism and excretion are differentially reflected by serum and urine steroid metabolomes: a comprehensive review (2019) · cites this paper as [35]
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- Authors
- Nakamura, Y., Gang, H. X., Suzuki, T., Sasano, H., & Rainey, W. E.
- Affiliations
- Tohoku University (JP)
- Augusta University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rainey, William E.
- Venue
- Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
- Published
- 2008-09-27
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 19-26
- ISSN
- 1389-9155 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-2606
- PMC
- PMC3712864
- OpenAlex
- W1979060893
- Cited by
- 84
- References
- 81
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 3.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK069950)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
- Keywords
- adrenarche, adrenal androgen production, steroidogenic enzymes, adrenal zona reticularis, dehydroepiandrosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, cytochrome b5, adrenal cortex, puberty
- MeSH terms
- Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member C3, Adrenal Cortex, Adrenal Glands, Animals, Child, Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme, Humans, Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenases, Progesterone Reductase, Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase, Steroid 21-Hydroxylase, 17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases, 3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases, Hominidae, Sulfotransferases, Cytochromes b5, Adrenarche
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