The linguistic patterns and rhetorical structure of citation context: An approach using n-grams
Open accessIntegrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Agreement is expressed mostly at the end of research papers, especially in the 'Discussion' section and towards the end of the 'Results' section. Disagreement is less common in scientific discourse.
“Their results show that 'agreement is expressed mostly at the end of a research papers, especially in the 'Discussion' section and towards the end of the 'Results' section. Disagreement is less common in scientific discourse' (p. 1426).”
From Core Elements in the Process of Citing Publications: Conceptual Overview of the Literature (2018) · cites this paper as Bertin et al., 2016
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- Authors
- Bertin, M., Atanassova, I., Sugimoto, C. R., & Lariviere, V.
- Affiliations
- Université du Québec à Montréal (CA)
- Université de Bourgogne (FR)
- Indiana University Bloomington (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bertin, Marc
- Atanassova, Iana
- Sugimoto, Cassidy R.
- Venue
- Scientometrics
- Published
- 2016-09-30
- Volume
- 109
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1417-1434
- ISSN
- 0138-9130 (ISSN-L)
- 1588-2861
- OpenAlex
- W2524791359
- Cited by
- 50
- References
- 79
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 7
- FWCI
- 6.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- shs.hal.science
- Licence
- Locations
- Scientometrics (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Papyrus : Institutional Repository (Université de Montréal) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › scientometrics and bibliometrics research
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › Academic Writing and Publishing
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Literature and Literary Theory › Discourse Analysis in Language Studies
- Keywords
- citation functions, citation context, rhetorical structure, IMRAD structure, scientific writing, PLOS journals
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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