Higher white matter hyperintensity load adversely affects pre-post proximal cognitive training performance in healthy older adults
Open accessAbstract
Cognitive training has shown promise for improving cognition in older adults. Age-related neuroanatomical changes may affect cognitive training outcomes. White matter hyperintensities are one common brain change in aging reflecting decreased white matter integrity. The current study assessed (1) proximal cognitive training performance following a 3-month randomized control trial and (2) the contribution of baseline whole-brain white matter hyperintensity load, or total lesion volume (TLV), on pre-post proximal training change. Sixty-two healthy older adults were randomized to either adaptive cognitive training or educational training control interventions. Repeated-measures analysis of covariance revealed two-way group × time interactions such that those assigned cognitive training demonstrated greater improvement on proximal composite (total training composite) and sub-composite (processing speed training composite, working memory training composite) measures compared to education training counterparts. Multiple linear regression showed higher baseline TLV associated with lower pre-post change on processing speed training sub-composite (β = -0.19, p = 0.04), but not other composite measures. These findings demonstrate the utility of cognitive training for improving post-intervention proximal performance in older adults. Additionally, pre-post proximal processing speed training change appears to be particularly sensitive to white matter hyperintensity load versus working memory training change. These data suggest that TLV may serve as an important factor for consideration when planning processing speed-based cognitive training interventions for remediation of cognitive decline in older adults.
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Phase 1 revealed that cognitive training resulted in greater improvements in performance on trained tasks compared to the educational training control group irrespective of tDCS group assignment.
“Phase 1 revealed that cognitive training resulted in greater improvements in performance on trained tasks compared to the educational training control group irrespective of tDCS group assignment [38–39].”
From Primary outcome from the augmenting cognitive training in older adults study (ACT): A tDCS and cognitive training randomized clinical trial (2023) · cites this paper as [38]
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- Authors
- Boutzoukas, E. M., O’Shea, A., Kraft, J. N., Hardcastle, C., Evangelista, N. D., Hausman, H. K., Albizu, A., Van Etten, E. J., Bharadwaj, P. K., Smith, S. G., Song, H., Porges, E. C., Hishaw, A., DeKosky, S. T., Wu, S. S., Marsiske, M., Alexander, G. E., Cohen, R., & Woods, A. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Florida Health (US)
- University of Florida (US)
- University of Arizona (US)
- Corresponding author
- Woods, Adam J.
- ORCID
- Venue
- GeroScience
- Published
- 2022-03-12
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1441-1455
- ISSN
- 2152-4041 (ISSN-L)
- 2509-2715
- 2509-2723
- PMC
- PMC9213634
- OpenAlex
- W4220985427
- Cited by
- 15
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5
- FWCI
- 1.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- GeroScience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (T32HL134621)
- National Institute on Aging (T32AG020499, R01AG054077, P30AG019610)
- National Science Foundation (NSF1842473)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Keywords
- white matter hyperintensities, cognitive training, older adults, total lesion volume, processing speed, working memory, brain aging, cognitive decline
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Brain, Cognition, Cognition Disorders, Humans, Cognitive Dysfunction, White Matter
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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