Cardiovascular Effects of Different GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Abstract
Purpose of review Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have positive effects on weight loss, blood pressure, hyperlipidemia, and glycemic control. They exhibit a broad range of effects on the cardiovascular system that are independent of changes in blood glucose. Cardiovascular outcome trials have demonstrated safety of GLP-1 RAs but results for cardiovascular efficacy were varied. The aim of the present review is the assessment of the effects of GLP-1 RAs on cardiovascular risk factors, and major cardiovascular events.Recent findings Use of GLP-1 RAs was associated with relative risk reduction in cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality with no significant differences for the incidence of severe hypoglycemia, pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, or medullary thyroid cancer when compared to placebo. Although there are differences between individual medications with respect to their effects on cardiovascular events, GLP-1 RAs offer a favorable risk-benefit profile. The present review confirms the cardiovascular safety and efficacy vs placebo of GLP-1 RAs in patients with type 2 diabetes at moderate-to-high atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk without significant side effects. Although professional guidelines recommend metformin as the sole first-line agent, GLP-1 RAs can be used as first-line therapy in individuals with type 2 diabetes who either are intolerant to metformin or have high cardiovascular risk factors.
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Long-term trials reported that the risk of acute pancreatitis does not notably increase with liraglutide use.
“Initially, there were concerns about the risk of acute pancreatitis; however, long-term trials reported that the risk does not notably increase with the use of liraglutide [52, 53].”
From Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Anti-Obesity Treatment: Where Do We Stand? (2021) · cites this paper as [53]
The overall risk of malignant and benign neoplasms was higher in the liraglutide group than in the placebo group.
“However, the overall risk of malignant and benign neoplasms was higher in the liraglutide group than in the placebo group [52, 53, 59].”
From Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Anti-Obesity Treatment: Where Do We Stand? (2021) · cites this paper as [53]
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- Authors
- Bahtiyar, G., Pujals-Kury, J., & Sacerdote, A.
- Affiliations
- State University of New York (US)
- Corresponding author
- Sacerdote, Alan
- ORCID
- Sacerdote, Alan
- Venue
- Current Diabetes Reports
- Published
- 2018-08-31
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 92-92
- ISSN
- 1534-4827 (ISSN-L)
- 1539-0829
- OpenAlex
- W2889062210
- Cited by
- 24
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 0.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Current Diabetes Reports (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment
- Keywords
- GLP-1 receptor agonists, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular risk, cardiovascular safety, cardiovascular mortality, all-cause mortality, hypoglycemia, pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, medullary thyroid carcinoma, metformin intolerance, first-line therapy, atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk
- MeSH terms
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists, Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular System, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans, Risk Factors, Biomarkers
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