Cited by 37Inflammasome and immune disordersImmune Response and InflammationIL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways

Effector functions of NLRs in the intestine: innate sensing, cell death, and disease

Yeretssian, Garabet·2012·Immunologic Research

Abstract

Nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-like receptors (NLRs) are central regulators of pathogen recognition, the induction of innate immune effectors and inflammation with utmost importance in human diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases. Most NLRs are key mediators of inflammasome complexes that activate caspase-1 and drive proteolytic processing of pro-inflammatory cytokines; however, a few tightly regulate inflammasome-independent activation of nuclear factor-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. NLR signaling has evolved in intestinal epithelial cells to avoid overactive inflammatory responses toward the resident microbiota and to preserve epithelial barrier integrity and functions by maintaining homeostasis. In the present review, I examine new insights into the role of the NLRs in antimicrobial defenses. I pay particular attention to the emerging role of these receptors in engaging a complex cross talk between cell death and innate immunity pathways. Furthermore, I discuss the physiological functions of the NLRs in shaping the innate immune response within the intestine, maintaining homeostasis, inducing tissue repair following injury and promoting tumorigenesis.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1007/s12026-012-8317-3

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167 of 167 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • NLRs proteins are responsible for maintaining gut barrier integrity by sensing the presence of commensal microbiota and the regulation of intestinal inflammation.

    “NLRs proteins are also responsible for maintaining gut barrier integrity by sensing the presence of commensal microbiota and the regulation of intestinal inflammation.172,173”

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Authors
Yeretssian, G.
Affiliations
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
Corresponding author
Yeretssian, Garabet
Venue
Immunologic Research
Published
2012-03-28
Volume
54
Issue
1-3
Pages
25-36
ISSN
  • 0257-277X (ISSN-L)
  • 1559-0755
OpenAlex
W2057359745
Cited by
37
References
168
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 1 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 3
FWCI
0.35
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Immunologic Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Inflammasome and immune disorders
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
Keywords
NLR, intestinal innate immunity, inflammasome, caspase-1, NF-κB signaling, MAPK signaling, intestinal epithelial barrier, gut microbiota, cell death, inflammatory bowel disease, tissue repair, intestinal tumorigenesis, antimicrobial defense
MeSH terms
Animals, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Intestines, Cell Death, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Inflammasomes

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