Cited by 98Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative MechanismsRedox biology and oxidative stressBioactive Compounds and Antitumor Agents

Antimicrobial actions of dual oxidases and lactoperoxidase

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Sarr, Demba, Tóth, Eszter, Gingerich, Aaron, Rada, Balázs·2018·Journal of Microbiology

Abstract

The NOX/DUOX family of NADPH oxidases are transmembrane proteins generating reactive oxygen species as their primary enzymatic products. NADPH oxidase (NOX) 1-5 and Dual oxidase (DUOX) 1 and 2 are members of this family. These enzymes have several biological functions including immune defense, hormone biosynthesis, fertilization, cell proliferation and differentiation, extracellular matrix formation and vascular regulation. They are found in a variety of tissues such as the airways, salivary glands, colon, thyroid gland and lymphoid organs. The discovery of NADPH oxidases has drastically transformed our view of the biology of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress. Roles of several isoforms including DUOX1 and DUOX2 in host innate immune defense have been implicated and are still being uncovered. DUOX enzymes highly expressed in the respiratory and salivary gland epithelium have been proposed as the major sources of hydrogen peroxide supporting mucosal oxidative antimicrobial defenses. In this review, we shortly present data on DUOX discovery, structure and function, and provide a detailed, up-to-date summary of discoveries regarding antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and antiparasitic functions of DUOX enzymes. We also present all the literature describing the immune functions of lactoperoxidase, an enzyme working in partnership with DUOX to produce antimicrobial substances.

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  • Salivary peroxidase and lactoperoxidase (LPO) are present in multiple human exocrine secretions, including tears, milk, saliva, and vaginal fluid, and serve anti-microbial killing actions similar to MPO.

    “Other related hemoproteins include salivary peroxidase and lactoperoxidase (LPO) which are present in multiple human exocrine secretions, including tears, milk, saliva, and vaginal fluid, and also serves anti-microbial killing actions similar to MPO (Sarr et al., 2018).”

    From The Role of Iron Regulation in Immunometabolism and Immune-Related Disease (2019) · cites this paper as Sarr et al., 2018

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  1. Csillag C, Nielsen OH, Vainer B, Olsen J, Dieckgraefe BK, Hendel J, Vind I, Dupuy C, Nielsen FC, and Borup R 2007 Expression of the genes dualoxidase 2, lipocalin 2 and regenerating islet-derived 1 alpha in Crohn’s disease. Scand. J. Gastroenterol 42, 454– 463. 17454855

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Authors
Sarr, D., Tóth, E., Gingerich, A., & Rada, B.
Affiliations
University of Georgia (US)
Corresponding author
Rada, Balázs
Venue
Journal of Microbiology
Published
2018-06
Volume
56
Issue
6
Pages
373-386
ISSN
  • 1225-8873 (ISSN-L)
  • 1976-3794
OpenAlex
W2805722840
Cited by
98
References
178
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 1
FWCI
1.02
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • The Journal of Microbiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • University of Georgia
  • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R21AI124189)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
  • Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Toxicology › Bioactive Compounds and Antitumor Agents
Keywords
dual oxidase, DUOX1, DUOX2, NADPH oxidase, lactoperoxidase, reactive oxygen species, hydrogen peroxide, antimicrobial defense, innate immunity, antibacterial activity, antiviral activity, antifungal activity, antiparasitic activity, salivary gland epithelium, respiratory epithelium, oxidative stress
MeSH terms
Dual Oxidases, NADPH Oxidase 1, NADPH Oxidase 5, Animals, Anti-Infective Agents, Antifungal Agents, Antiparasitic Agents, Antiviral Agents, Humans, Hydrogen Peroxide, Immunity, Innate, Lactoperoxidase, Membrane Proteins, Salivary Glands, Thiocyanates, Thyroid Gland, Reactive Oxygen Species, Oxidative Stress, NADPH Oxidases, Respiratory Mucosa

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