Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on Trimethylamine-N-Oxide Plasma Levels in Hemodialysis Patients: a Pilot Study
Abstract
Components present in the diet, L-carnitine, choline, and betaine are metabolized by gut microbiota to produce metabolites such as trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) that appear to promote cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the effects of probiotic supplementation for 3 months on plasma TMAO levels in CKD patients on hemodialysis (HD). A randomized, double-blind trial was performed in 21 patients [54.8 ± 10.4 years, nine men, BMI 26.1 ± 4.8 kg/m 2, dialysis vintage 68.5 (34.2-120.7) months]. Ten patients were randomly allocated to the placebo group and 11 to the probiotic group [three capsules, totaling 9 × 10 13 colony-forming units per day of Streptococcus thermophilus (KB19), Lactobacillus acidophilus (KB27), and Bifidobacteria longum (KB31). Plasma TMAO, choline, and betaine levels were measured by LC-MS/MS at baseline and after 3 months. While TMAO did not change after probiotic supplementation, there was a significant increase in betaine plasma levels. In contrast, the placebo group showed a significant decrease in plasma choline levels. Short-term probiotic supplementation does not appear to influence plasma TMAO levels in HD patients. Long-term studies are needed to determine whether probiotics may affect TMAO production in CKD patients.
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In a three-month pilot study in hemodialysis patients, probiotic supplementation did not change choline levels compared to control.
“In a three-month pilot study investigating the effects of probiotic supplementation on TMAO plasma levels in hemodialysis patients, choline did not change compared to control group [286].”
From International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Probiotics (2019) · cites this paper as [286]
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ผลของการบรโภคฟกขาวตอระดบไตรเมทลามนเอนออกไซดในเลอดและการเกดโรคหวใจในหนไตวายเรอรง
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- Authors
- Borges, N. A., Stenvinkel, P., Bergman, P., Qureshi, A. R., Lindholm, B., Moraes, C., Stockler-Pinto, M. B., & Mafra, D.
- Affiliations
- Universidade Federal Fluminense (BR)
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Karolinska University Hospital (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Borges, Natália A.
- Venue
- Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins
- Published
- 2018-04-12
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 648-654
- ISSN
- 1867-1306 (ISSN-L)
- 1867-1314
- OpenAlex
- W2798152926
- Cited by
- 83
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 4
- FWCI
- 8.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Njurfonden
- Hjärt-Lungfonden (SE)
- Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa
- Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
- Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
- Baxter Healthcare Corporation
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Dialysis and Renal Disease Management
- Keywords
- probiotic supplementation, trimethylamine N-oxide, hemodialysis, chronic kidney disease, gut microbiota, choline, betaine, L-carnitine, Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium longum, cardiovascular risk
- MeSH terms
- Bifidobacterium longum, Adult, Aged, Double-Blind Method, Female, Renal Dialysis, Humans, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Male, Methylamines, Middle Aged, Pilot Projects, Dietary Supplements, Probiotics, Streptococcus thermophilus, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
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