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An experimental investigation of thought suppression

Clark, David M., Ball, Suzanne, Pape, David·1991·Behaviour Research and Therapy

DOI 10.1016/0005-7967(91)90115-j

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Abstract

An experiment investigating the hypothesis that trying to suppress a thought will lead to an immediate and/or delayed increase in its occurrence is reported. Normal subjects listened to a taped story and then verbalized their stream of consciousness during two consecutive time periods. During the first period, one group (suppression) were asked not to think about the tape while two other groups (controls) were asked to think about anything or think about anything including the tape. During the second period, all three groups were instructed to think about anything. Results from the first period failed to support the immediate enhancement hypothesis as the suppression group reported less thoughts about the tape than the controls. However, results from the second period supported the delayed (rebound) hypothesis as subjects who had previously suppressed reported more thoughts about the tape than subjects who had not. The theoretical, methodological, and clinical implications of these results are discussed.

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Authors: Clark, D. M., Ball, S., & Pape, D.
Affiliations: Warneford Hospital (GB)
University of Oxford (GB)
Corresponding author: Clark, David M.
ORCID: Clark, David M.
Venue: Behaviour Research and Therapy
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1991
Volume: 29
Issue: 3
Pages: 253-257
ISSN: 0005-7967 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/0005-7967(91)90115-j
OpenAlex: W2042151798
Cited by: 264
References: 7
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 8
FWCI: 4.45
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Behaviour Research and Therapy (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Mind wandering and attention
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
Keywords: thought suppression, rebound effect, stream of consciousness, verbal protocols, thought control, cognitive control
MeSH terms: Adult, Behavior Therapy, Female, Humans, Male, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Mental Recall, Thinking

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Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

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An experimental investigation of thought suppression

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