The DOI matches its Crossref record; 222 of the 222 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Role of N-nitroso compounds (NOC) and N-nitrosation in etiology of gastric, esophageal, nasopharyngeal and bladder cancer and contribution to cancer of known exposures to NOC
Abstract
The questions of whether and how N-nitroso compounds (NOC) may be inducing cancer in humans are discussed. The principal subjects covered include nitrite-derived alkylating agents that are not NOC, reasons for the wide tissue specificity of carcinogenesis by NOC, the acute toxicity of nitrosamines in humans, mechanisms of in vivo formation of NOC by chemical and bacterial nitrosation in the stomach and via nitric oxide (NO) formation during inflammation, studies on nitrite esters, use of the nitrosoproline test to follow human gastric nitrosation, correlations of nitrate in food and water with in vivo nitrosation and the inhibition of gastric nitrosation by vitamin C and polyphenols. Evidence that specific cancers are caused by NOC is reviewed for cancer of the stomach, esophagus, nasopharynx, urinary bladder in bilharzia and colon. I review the occurrence of nitrosamines in tobacco products, nitrite-cured meat (which might be linked with childhood leukemia and brain cancer) and other foods, and in drugs and industrial situations. Finally, I discuss clues from mutations in ras and p53 genes in human tumors about whether NOC are etiologic agents and draw some general conclusions.
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“After this report, a number of studies followed in relation to the carcinogenic effects of N-nitroso compounds in animal models [134,135].”
From NO-Rich Diet for Lifestyle-Related Diseases (2015) · cites this paper as [135]
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Mirvish, S. S.
- Corresponding author
- Mirvish, Sidney S.
- Venue
- Cancer Letters
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1995-06
- Volume
- 93
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 17-48
- ISSN
- 0304-3835 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2046219406
- Cited by
- 916
- References
- 222
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 36 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 36 · 2013: 33 · 2012: 40
- FWCI
- 2.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cancer Letters (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01ca035628-11, 5r01ca030593-03)
- National Cancer Institute (R01-CA-30593, R01 CA-35628, UOI-CA-43236)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Polyamine Metabolism and Applications
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › General Dentistry › Oral Health Pathology and Treatment
- Keywords
- N-nitroso compounds, nitrosation, nitrosamines, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, bladder cancer, nitrite esters, vitamin C, polyphenols, nitric oxide, inflammation, tobacco, pediatric leukemia, RAS mutations, TP53 mutation, cancer etiology
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biotransformation, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms, Carcinogens, Cocarcinogenesis, Environmental Exposure, Esophageal Neoplasms, Food Contamination, Gastrointestinal Neoplasms, Humans, Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms, Nitric Oxide, Nitrosamines, Nitroso Compounds, Genes, ras, Smoking, Stomach Neoplasms, Nitrosation, Genes, p53, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
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