Hypothalamic opioid mechanisms controlling oxytocin neurones during parturition
Abstract
The influences of opioids on oxytocin secretion and parturition were investigated in the rat. Morphine, administered centrally or peripherally, severely delays the course of established parturition. This delay is accompanied by reduced plasma oxytocin levels and is overcome by treatment either with the opioid antagonist naloxone, or by infusion of oxytocin. An endogenous opioid regulatory mechanism inhibiting oxytocin secretion becomes activated immediately prior to and during parturition. This mechanism does not operate earlier in pregnancy or during normal lactation and is not seen in nonpregnant animals. Naloxone acutely speeds up the course of established parturition, an effect accompanied by greatly elevated plasma oxytocin levels. The mechanisms underlying opioid regulation of oxytocin neurones were investigated at two sites. Precipitated withdrawal from chronic morphine treatment causes hypersecretion of oxytocin. This response is mediated by greatly enhanced electrical activity in the perikarya of oxytocin neurones indicating the presence of opioid receptors on oxytocin neurones and/or on their afferent input. Opioid receptors are also present in the neurohypophysis where they exert direct and noradrenaline mediated effects on secretion from oxytocin terminals in vitro.
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Enhancing opioidergic tone with morphine severely delays the course of parturition, accompanied by a reduced level of circulating oxytocin, whereas attenuating opioidergic tone with naloxone acutely increases the speed of parturition by greatly elevating oxytocin levels, reversing this delay.
“Enhancing opioidergic tone with morphine severely delays the course of parturition, accompanied by a reduced level of circulating OT, whereas attenuating opioidergic tone with NAL acutely increases the speed of parturition by greatly elevating OT levels, reversing this delay (27–29).”
From Oxytocin under opioid antagonism leads to supralinear enhancement of social attention (2017) · cites this paper as [27]
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- Authors
- Bicknell, R. J., Leng, G., Russell, J. A., Dyer, R. G., Mansfield, S., & Zhao, B.-G.
- Affiliations
- University of Edinburgh (GB)
- ORCID
- Leng, G.
- Venue
- Brain Research Bulletin
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1988-06
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 743-749
- ISSN
- 0361-9230 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2020127388
- Cited by
- 59
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Brain Research Bulletin (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Keywords
- childbirth, oxytocin secretion, hypothalamus, opioid receptors, morphine, naloxone, opioid withdrawal, neurohypophysis, norepinephrine, pregnancy, lactation, plasma oxytocin
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Electric Stimulation, Endorphins, Female, Labor, Obstetric, Morphine, Naloxone, Norepinephrine, Oxytocin, Pituitary Gland, Posterior, Pregnancy, Rats, Inbred Strains, Receptors, Opioid, Supraoptic Nucleus, Rats
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