Cited by 1,509Photodynamic Therapy Research StudiesNonmelanoma Skin Cancer StudiesPorphyrin Metabolism and Disorders

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Photodynamic therapy with endogenous protoporphyrin

Kennedy, J.C., Pottier, R.H., Pross, D.C.·1990·Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology

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Abstract

5-Aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) is a precursor of protoporphyrin IX (Pp IX) in the biosynthetic pathway for haem. Certain types of cells have a large capacity to synthesize Pp IX when exposed to an adequate concentration of exogenous ALA. Since the conversion of Pp IX into haem is relatively slow, such cells tend to accumulate photosensitizing concentrations of Pp IX. Pp IX photosensitization can be induced in cells of the epidermis and its appendages, but not in the dermis. Moreover, since ALA in aqueous solution passes readily through abnormal keratin, but not through normal keratin, the topical application of ALA in aqueous solution to actinic keratoses or superficial basal cell or squamous cell carcinomas induces Pp IX photosensitization that is restricted primarily to the abnormal epithelium. Subsequent exposure to photoactivating light selectively destroys such lesions. In our ongoing clinical trial of ALA-induced Pp IX photodynamic therapy, the response rate for basal cell carcinomas following a single treatment has been 90% complete response and 7.5% partial response for the first 80 lesions treated. The cosmetic results have been excellent, and patient acceptance has been very good.

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NON‐INVASIVE TECHNIQUE FOR OBTAINING FLUORESCENCE EXCITATION AND EMISSION SPECTRA IN VIVO
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Self-citation
The metabolism of δ-aminolaevulic acid. 1. Normal pathways, studied with the aid of 15N
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The metabolism of δ-aminolaevulic acid. 2. Normal pathways, studied with the aid of 14C
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Divaris, 1990, Phototoxic damage to sebaceous glands and hair follicles of mice following systematic administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid correlates with localized protoporphyrin IX fluorescence, Am. J. Pathol., 136

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Authors: Kennedy, J. C., Pottier, R. H., & Pross, D. C.
Affiliations: Queen's University (CA)
Corresponding author: Kennedy, J.C.
Venue: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1990-06
Volume: 6
Issue: 1-2
Pages: 143-148
ISSN: 1011-1344 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/1011-1344(90)85083-9
OpenAlex: W1506108633
Cited by: 1,509
References: 5
Citations by year: 2026: 18 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 44 · 2015: 39 · 2014: 45 · 2013: 38 · 2012: 49
FWCI: 22.73
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B Biology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer Studies
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Porphyrin Metabolism and Disorders
Keywords: photodynamic therapy, protoporphyrin IX, 5-aminolevulinic acid, heme biosynthesis, photosensitization, basal cell carcinoma, actinic keratosis, squamous cell carcinoma, topical application, cosmetic outcome
MeSH terms: Aminolevulinic Acid, Animals, Carcinoma, Basal Cell, Basal Cell Carcinoma, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, Humans, Keratosis, Photochemotherapy, Prodrugs, Protoporphyrins, Radiation-Sensitizing Agents, Skin Neoplasms

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