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Positive Emotions Broaden and Build
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“prior research suggesting that both positive affect (e.g. Fredrickson, 2013; Lyubomirsky et al., 2005) and negative affect (e.g. Keltner & Kring, 1998) contribute to social connections, and that positive affect may especially so (see Clark & Watson, 1988; Watson, Clark, McIntyre, & Hamaker, 1992; Taylor, Pearlstein et al., 2017; Taylor, Pearlstein, & Stein, 2020).”
From Enhancing social connectedness in anxiety and depression through amplification of positivity: Preliminary treatment outcomes and process of change (2020) · cites this paper as Fredrickson, 2013
In the citing paper
“Positive emotions promote openness to new experiences and increased exploratory behavior”
From The affective tie that binds: Examining the contribution of positive emotions and anxiety to relationship formation in social anxiety disorder (2017) · cites this paper as Fredrickson, 2013
In the citing paper
“The role of positive emotions in facilitating social connections is well-documented (Fredrickson, 2013; Fredrickson et al., 2008; Gable & Berkman, 2008; Kok et al., 2013; Ramsey & Gentzler, 2015; Strong & Aron, 2006).”
From The affective tie that binds: Examining the contribution of positive emotions and anxiety to relationship formation in social anxiety disorder (2017) · cites this paper as Fredrickson, 2013
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“The dependent measure in this study was a covert attentional orienting task, developed by Posner (1980), again administered both at baseline and following the emotion induction.”
MethodWell-being : the foundations of hedonic psychology
Kahneman, D. J., Diener, E. F., & Schwarz, N. (1999) · Cited by 7,472
The benefits of frequent positive affect: Does happiness lead to success?
Lyubomirsky, S., King, L., & Diener, E. (2005) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.131.6.803 · Cited by 7,143
What good are positive emotions?
Fredrickson, B. L. (1998) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/1089-2680.2.3.300 · Cited by 6,066
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The broaden–and–build theory of positive emotions
Fredrickson, B. L. (2004) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2004.1512 · Cited by 4,214
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Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Garland, E. & Fredrickson, B.L. (in press). Positive emotions, mindfulness, and ACT. In T. B. Kashdan & J. Ciarrochi (Eds.) Linking Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and positive psychology: A practioner's guide to a unifying framework. Oakland, CA: New Harbinger.
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Resilience and distress among young adults with chronic health conditions: A longitudinal study
Wright, E., Elliott, T. R., Kwok, O., Zhang, Q., & Spooner, M. (2023) · British Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjhp.12667 · Cited by 11
Maryami, S., Loi, M., Martinez, M., & Guardo, M. C. D. (2023) · Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development · doi:10.1108/jsbed-07-2022-0302 · Cited by 10
Fighting Fire or Fighting War: Examining the Framing Effects of COVID-19 Metaphors
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“This is in line with the growing scholarly calls to highlight the persuasive potential of positive emotions (e.g., Fredrickson, 2013; Myrick & Oliver, 2015; Nabi & Myrick, 2019).”
Duong, H. T., Yachin, M., & Massey, Z. B. (2023) · Journal of Social Marketing · doi:10.1108/jsocm-06-2023-0154 · Cited by 10
Supporting adolescents’ personal growth and well-being through the Study with Strength intervention
Hongell-Ekholm, N., Londén, M., & Fagerlund, Å. (2024) · Cogent Education · doi:10.1080/2331186x.2023.2298596 · Cited by 17
“The more positivity, manifest in feelings of joy, gratitude, interest and hope, that learners experience, the more capable they will be of taking in information, leading to positive learning spirals (Csikszentmihalyi, 1990; Damasio, 1999; Fredrickson, 1998, 2001, 2013; Myers, 1993; Seligman, 2002).”
TEC-Q: A tool to sort out teacher emotions in the classroom
Thumvichit, A. (2024) · Teaching and Teacher Education · doi:10.1016/j.tate.2024.104734 · Cited by 11
The influence of positive affect on consideration set formation in memory-based choice
Barone, M. J., Fedorikhin, A., & Hansen, D. E. (2015) · Marketing Letters · doi:10.1007/s11002-015-9395-5 · Cited by 10
Puente‐Díaz, R., & Meixueiro, G. (2016) · Cogent Psychology · doi:10.1080/23311908.2016.1160558 · Cited by 11
Palgi, Y., Ayalon, L., Avidor, S., & Bodner, E. (2016) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760.2016.1221121 · Cited by 13
Ng, S. M., & Hou, W. K. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00258 · Cited by 14
Positive Mental Health Model Based on Authentic Leadership and Elements of Socialization
Mafud, J. L. C., Moreno, M. P., & Colunga-Rodríguez, C. (2018) · Psychology · doi:10.4236/psych.2018.94037 · Cited by 13
Foreign Language Anxiety and Enjoyment in an Imagined Community
Shirvan, M. E., & Talebzadeh, N. (2018) · Eurasian Journal of Applied Linguistics · doi:10.32601/ejal.464043 · Cited by 13
Martins, M. J., Marques, C., Carvalho, C. B., Macedo, A., Pereira, A. T., & Castilho, P. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.22727 · Cited by 11
Ort, A., Siegenthaler, P., & Fahr, A. (2021) · Frontiers in Communication · doi:10.3389/fcomm.2021.534496 · Cited by 12
“…such experiences mitigate the unfavorable effects of threatening persuasive appeals, thus contribute to fostering health-beneficial outcomes by promoting favorable message processing and efficacy perceptions (Fredrickson, 2001; Fredrickson and Cohn, 2008; Fredrickson, 2013; Quoidbach et al., 2015).”
BackgroundInfluentialFactor Structure of the “Top Ten” Positive Emotions of Barbara Fredrickson
Roth, L. H. O., & Laireiter, A. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.641804 · Cited by 10
“Hence, while Fredrickson (2013) derived the top 10 emotions rather theoretically, it seems in question as to whether awe should actually be part of the empirically based most important positive emotions, as the empirical evidence for its relevance appears unclear.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialThe Role of Perceived Entrepreneurial Passion on Creativity: A Study of Vietnamese Social Ventures
Le, T. T., Paramita, W., Tran, Q. H. M., & Duc, L. A. (2022) · Australasian Marketing Journal (AMJ) · doi:10.1177/14413582221090290 · Cited by 11
“Prior studies that were built upon the broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions have focused on examining ten representatives of positive emotions such as joy, amusement, serenity, inspiration, interest, hope, awe, love, pride, and gratitude (Fredrickson, 2013).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialPuffer, E. S., Johnson, S. L., Quick, K. N., Rieder, A. D., Mansoor, M., Proeschold‐Bell, R. J., Jones, S., Moore-Lawrence, S., Rasmussen, J. D., Cucuzzella, C., et al. (2022) · Prevention Science · doi:10.1007/s11121-022-01418-9 · Cited by 10
Ai, A. L., Raney, A. A., & Appel, H. B. (2022) · Natural Hazards Research · doi:10.1016/j.nhres.2022.08.004 · Cited by 11
Shimizu, N., Mochizuki, Y., Chen, C., Hagiwara, K., Matsumoto, K., Oda, Y., Hirotsu, M., Okabe, E., Matsubara, T., & Nakagawa, S. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.930466 · Cited by 10
“As one subfield in positive psychology, positive emotions have been attracting much research interest (38, 39).”
BackgroundPeker, A., & Cengiz, S. (2023) · Child Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s12187-023-10020-6 · Cited by 15
“Fredrickson (2013) stated that thanks to hope, one can realize one’s abilities and create continuous resources that include more persistence in the face of difficulties.”
BackgroundGarland, E. L., Farb, N. A. S., Goldin, P. R., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2017) · doi:10.31231/osf.io/ea2q4 · Cited by 10
Self-citationThe competitive esports physiological, affective, and video dataset
Behnke, M., Krzyżaniak, W. L., Nowak, J. A., Kupiński, S., Chwiłkowska, P., Jęśko-Białek, S., Kłoskowski, M., Maciejewski, P. A., Szymański, K., Lakens, D., et al. (2025) · Scientific Data · doi:10.1038/s41597-024-04364-z · Cited by 10
Public Engagement on Weather and Climate with a Monsoon Fantasy Forecasting Game
Guido, Z., McMahan, B., Hoy, D., Larsen, C., Delgado, B., Granillo, R. L., & Crimmins, M. A. (2022) · Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society · doi:10.1175/bams-d-22-0003.1 · Cited by 9
Zhang, S., Zhao, T., Liu, X., Wei, C., & Liu, S. (2023) · Career Development International · doi:10.1108/cdi-07-2022-0188 · Cited by 12
Burke, J., Clarke, D., O’Keeffe, J., & Meehan, T. (2023) · Journal of Happiness and Health · doi:10.47602/johah.v3i2.48 · Cited by 9
“With new theories of positive emotions, such as the Broaden and Build theory (Fredrickson, 1998), the Positivity Resonance (Fredrickson, 2013), Taxonomy of Positive Emotions (Keltner & Cowen, 2021), researchers explore the nuances of positive emotions and differentiate between the impact of specific emotions on partic…”
Resilience and Loss: The Correlation of Grief and Gratitude
Elfers, J., Hlava, P., Sharpe, F., Arreguin, S., & McGregor, D. C. (2023) · International Journal of Applied Positive Psychology · doi:10.1007/s41042-023-00126-1 · Cited by 11
Karaosmanoğlu, E., Okan, M., Işıksal, D. G., Altınigne, N., Demir, Ö., & İdemen, E. (2024) · Journal of Consumer Behaviour · doi:10.1002/cb.2318 · Cited by 10
Mudannayake, B., Bhanugopan, R., & Maley, J. F. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27259 · Cited by 20
“The complexity around work engagement, career commitment, role innovation, and conflict can be understood through Broaden and Build theory [7].”
InfluentialXu, J. B., Lee, S. W., Choi, H. S. C., & Wong, S.-M. H. (2024) · International Journal of Tourism Research · doi:10.1002/jtr.2652 · Cited by 9
Levitt, J. S., Coutifaris, C. V., Green, P. I., & Barsade, S. G. (2024) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.2023.17390 · Cited by 9
Hu, X., Gao, J., & Romano, D. M. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37619 · Cited by 9
“Specifically, enjoyment, defined as a state in which psychological needs are fulfilled [25], has been found to significantly influence L2 learning outcomes, attitudes, willingness to communicate, and well-being in numerous studies [21,26].”
BackgroundTuran, M. E., Cengiz, S., & Aksoy, Ş. (2025) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-025-02974-9 · Cited by 10
“Drawing upon the broaden-and-build of positive emotions, this research extends Fredrickson’s [9, 45] proposition that positive emotions broaden adolescent psychological resources and build an upward spiral in well-being.”
InfluentialFosha, D. (2018) · Pragmatic Case Studies in Psychotherapy · doi:10.14713/pcsp.v14i2.2038 · Cited by 10
Chen, X., Fan, X., Wu, J., & Cheung, H. Y. (2020) · Gifted Child Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0016986220923665 · Cited by 11
Positive Encounters as a Buffer: Pain and Sleep Disturbances in Older Adults’ Everyday Lives
Huo, M. L., Ng, Y. T., Fuentecilla, J. L., Leger, K. A., & Charles, S. T. (2020) · Journal of Aging and Health · doi:10.1177/0898264320958320 · Cited by 9
“…(e.g., relationships, knowledge, and skills) that may protect individuals’ psychological (e.g., depressive symptoms) and physiological well-being (e.g., cardiovascular system, immune system, and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal stress response system; Fredrickson, 2013; Sin et al., 2017, 2015).”
BackgroundDietz, C., & Zacher, H. (2021) · Journal of Business and Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10869-021-09764-1 · Cited by 10
“Customers’ Affective Reactions To measure customers’ affective reactions of disgust, fear, anger, and guilt during the service encounter, we adapted three translated items of the modified Differential Emotions Scale (Fredrickson, 2013) to assess each construct.”
MethodWeigand, R., & Jacobsen, T. (2021) · Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1177/17470218211050194 · Cited by 9
“Since temporary experiences of positive emotions are known to promote a variety of durable personal resources, such as resilience (Fredrickson, 2013), and savouring in particular has been shown to contribute to well-being and life satisfaction, as well as less negative affect and depression (e.g.,…”
BackgroundChun, S. K., Benjamin, K. S., & Mezulis, A. H. (2021) · The Journal of Early Adolescence · doi:10.1177/02724316211058066 · Cited by 11
“…body of past research, the accumulation of personal resources generated by positive affect reinforces a pattern of adaptive coping strategies and resilience to adversity that serves as a framework for producing future positive affect and positive outcomes (Fredrickson, 2013; Garland et al., 2010).”
BackgroundThe Impact of Marital Quality as Older Couples Adjust to Dementia Onset
Huo, M. L., Kim, K., & Han, S. H. (2021) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B · doi:10.1093/geronb/gbab235 · Cited by 9
“…close relationships and enhance their experience of positive emotions (Liang et al., 2001); these positive emotions, according to the broaden-and-build theory, could widen participants’ scope of attention and help build cognitive resources over time (Fredrickson, 2013; Johnson et al., 2010).”
BackgroundPosttraumatic Growth Experiences of Adolescents With Parental Loss: A Phenomenological Study
Altınsoy, F. (2022) · OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying · doi:10.1177/00302228211048668 · Cited by 9
“According to Fredrickson (2004, 2013), positive emotions expand the individual’s repertoire of instant thoughts and actions, contribute to the construction of positive psychological resources and repair the negative traces of the past.”
BackgroundVillar, S., Carrera, P., & Oceja, L. V. (2022) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-022-09935-4 · Cited by 12
“, 2001), elevation, inspiration, and admiration (Keltner & Haidt, 2003), love (Fredrickson, 2013; Shaver et al., 1996), and kama muta (Fiske et al.”
BackgroundA house divided: A multilevel bibliometric review of the job search literature 1973–2020
Norder, K. A., Emich, K. J., Kanar, A. M., Sawhney, A., & Behrend, T. S. (2022) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.06.036 · Cited by 9
D’Urso, G., Maynard, A., Petruccelli, I., Domenico, A. D., & Fasolo, M. (2023) · Sexuality Research and Social Policy · doi:10.1007/s13178-022-00788-7 · Cited by 9
“At the same time, deficiencies in this trait can define a person who is unable to understand the importance of LG topics for their teaching as well as feeling negative emotions towards gay and lesbian people (Fredrickson, 2013; Quoidbach et al., 2015).”
BackgroundShen, W., Hentschel, T., & Hideg, I. (2023) · Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1111/joop.12439 · Cited by 11
“Specifically, in line with prior emotions research (Fredrickson, 2013), we used emotion adjectives to assess anxiety (i.e., anxious, afraid, scared; α = .89) and hope (i.e., hopeful, optimistic, heartened; α = .85).”
Employees go green: the roles of perceived CSR and intrinsic motivation
Tang, H., Loi, R. C. H., & Lai, S. W. (2023) · Evidence-based HRM a Global Forum for Empirical Scholarship · doi:10.1108/ebhrm-11-2022-0287 · Cited by 10
Gladstone, J. J., Ruberton, P. M., Margolis, S., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2024) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-024-01599-8 · Cited by 14
“We examined the question of how hedonic spending variety relates to well-being from two theoretical approaches: the Hedonic Adaption Prevention (HAP) model [12] and broaden-and-build theory [20, 21].”
BackgroundResultBezzina, A. (2022) · Malta Journal of Education · doi:10.62695/dgml4574 · Cited by 10
“Researchers in literature have associated positive affect, including empathy, with creativity, problem-solving (Fredrickson, 2013) and academic achievement (Ben-Eliyahu & Linnenbrink-Garcia, 2013).”
BackgroundBeing grateful and biased: Felt gratitude as a cause of escalation bias in relational dilemmas
Kong, D. T., & Belkin, L. Y. (2019) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2019.04.004 · Cited by 9
Time evolution of affective processes in a mindfulness-based intervention
Congard, A., Vigouroux, S. L., Andreotti, E., Dauvier, B., Illy, J., Poinsot, R., & Antoine, P. (2019) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-019-00548-8 · Cited by 11
“For instance, people with important NA levels may remain caught in a downward spiral of negativity that propagates emotion dysregulation, whereas PA is thought to create an upward spiral toward more fulfilling positive emotions (Fredrickson, 2004, 2013; Garland et al., 2010).”
InfluentialWell-being and Organizational Pride in the Royal Malaysian Police Force: An Initial Investigation
Alias, M. R., & Bahron, A. (2019) · International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences · doi:10.6007/ijarbss/v9-i6/5961 · Cited by 9
Leader–Employee Congruence in Humor and Innovative Behavior: The Moderating Role of Dynamic Tenure
Yuan, Y. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.579551 · Cited by 10
“Positive emotions expand the scope of cognition and attention (Fredrickson, 2013), which is conducive to the generation and implementation of innovative ideas (Mielniczuk and Laguna, 2020).”
BackgroundWahid, A. W., & Nashori, F. (2021) · Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research/Advances in social science, education and humanities research · doi:10.2991/assehr.k.210423.038 · Cited by 9
“and guilt, are negative emotions that cause discomfort in their daily lives [9].”
BackgroundMethodCastillo, E. A., & Bird, M. D. (2021) · Journal of Sport Psychology in Action · doi:10.1080/21520704.2021.1988782 · Cited by 11
“Positive emotions help facilitate approach behavior, continued action, and task engagement while enhanced personal resources have durable adaptive benefits such as undoing the aftereffects of negative emotions, fueling resilience, and creating a reserve of accrued resources to better manage later events and complex si…”
BackgroundGooding, P. A., Harris, K., & Haddock, G. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19073813 · Cited by 11
“Being founded on the Psychological Flexibility Model [105], the Broaden and Build theory [104,105], and the Self-Determination Theory [106,107], this model describes a set of abilities which enable people to maintain a sense of positivity when facing negative experiences, stressors, and health conditions some of which…”
MethodPositive emotion expression at age 11 is associated with multiple well-being outcomes 39 years later
Coffey, J. K., Nelson, S. K., Parsley, H., & Pluess, M. (2022) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-022-03218-4 · Cited by 9
“Positive emotions are associated with better social, emotional, and physical health (Coffey et al., 2015; Fredrickson, 2013; Lyubomirsky et al., 2005).”
BackgroundInfluentialArıkan, S. (2022) · Psikoloji Çalışmaları / Studies in Psychology · doi:10.26650/sp2022-997542 · Cited by 16
Addington, E. L., Cummings, P., Jackson, K., Yang, D., & Moskowitz, J. T. (2022) · Affective Science · doi:10.1007/s42761-022-00135-4 · Cited by 10
“, awe, glad, love; angry, sad, scared), using a scale ranging from 0 (never) to 4 (most of the time; Fredrickson, 2013).”
MethodUncovering the trail of positive affect in the job attitudes literature: A systematic review
Tee, E. Y. J. (2019) · Asian Journal Of Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/ajsp.12398 · Cited by 12
“…direct applications of this theory in organisational research appear limited to conceptual work at the moment (Fredrickson, 2000; Vacharkulksemsuk & Fredrickson, 2013), I argue that the theory holds promise in helping detail how discrete positive emotions operate in contributing to desired…”
BackgroundEfectos de un Programa de Intervención sobre las habilidades emocionales en niños preescolares
Muchotrigo, M. P. G., & Merino‐Soto, C. (2020) · REOP - Revista Española de Orientación y Psicopedagogía · doi:10.5944/reop.vol.31.num.1.2020.27290 · Cited by 21
Cuadrado, I., Brambilla, M., & López‐Rodríguez, L. (2021) · International Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1002/ijop.12794 · Cited by 9
“We do not confirm previous patterns with negative emotions, which is advantageous for improving intergroup relations, since behaviours triggered by positive emotions have long-term beneficial effects, contrasting to behaviours generated by negative emotions that are immediate (Fredrickson, 2013).”
BackgroundRecommenders with a mission: assessing diversity in newsrecommendationsPreprint
Vrijenhoek, S., Kaya, M., Metoui, N., Möller, J. E., Odijk, D., & Helberger, N. (2020) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2012.10185 · Cited by 9
“too; for example, "joy" elicits the urge to get involved, and "hope" to dream big [17].”
BackgroundDambrun, M., Hanley, A. W., Garland, E. L., De Oliveira, P., Stinus, C., Pellerin, N., Corman, M., & Juneau, C. (2024) · International Journal of Wellbeing · doi:10.5502/ijw.v14i3.3635 · Cited by 9
Positive affect and imaginal exposure processes in patients with taboo obsessions
Berman, N. C., Summers, B. J., Weingarden, H. M., & Wilhelm, S. (2019) · Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jocrd.2019.100474 · Cited by 8
Heads of Worry, Hearts of Joy: Daily Diary Investigations of Self-Location and Well-Being
Irvin, R. L., Wu, D., Fetterman, A. K., & Robinson, M. D. (2023) · Affective Science · doi:10.1007/s42761-023-00196-z · Cited by 10
“Study 3 also found some hints that the location of the self in the morning predicted levels of happiness later in the day, perhaps suggesting broaden-and-build processes (Fredrickson, 2013), though associations appeared to operate bidirec-tionality in these analyses.”
Impact of Laughter on Health, Happiness and Wellbeing
Lyle, L. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-3493-5_8 · Cited by 9
Mak, W. W. S., Ng, S. M., & Yu, B. C. L. (2023) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-023-02219-z · Cited by 9
“Positive emotions could broaden individuals’ repertoire of thoughts and actions that might enhance their coping resources (Fredrickson, 1998, 2013).”
BackgroundMENG, D., & Xu, L. (2023) · Landscape Architecture Frontiers · doi:10.15302/j-laf-1-020077 · Cited by 8
Gong, Q. S., Liu, D., Chen, X.-P., Jiang, C., & Chen, G. (2023) · Journal of Management Studies · doi:10.1111/joms.13019 · Cited by 8
Hoffman, S. N., Stein, M. B., & Taylor, C. T. (2024) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2024.2321891 · Cited by 10
“Positive emotions serve as signals of rapport and connection during social affiliation (Fredrickson, 2013).”
BackgroundBarcomb, M., & Iwashita, M. (2024) · System · doi:10.1016/j.system.2024.103486 · Cited by 9
Ahsan, M., Gyensare, M. A., Adomako, S., & Zheng, C. (2024) · International Small Business Journal Researching Entrepreneurship · doi:10.1177/02662426241297642 · Cited by 10
“The broaden-and-build theory (Fredrickson, 2001, 2013) posits that individuals with positive emotions have a broader range of thoughts and actions that facilitate creativity.”
InfluentialSong, J., Wang, R., Wu, X., & Zhang, Z. (2025) · Learning and Motivation · doi:10.1016/j.lmot.2025.102110 · Cited by 12
Wang, S., & Jin, C. (2025) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105300 · Cited by 8
Enferad, R., Amirian, S. M. R., Noughabi, M. A., MacIntyre, P. D., & Ringeisen, T. (2025) · Language Teaching Research · doi:10.1177/13621688251352279 · Cited by 12
The psychometric properties of the Italian adaptation of the Health Orientation Scale (HOS)
Masiero, M. A., Oliveri, S., Cutica, I., Monzani, D., Faccio, F., Mazzocco, K., & Pravettoni, G. (2020) · Health and Quality of Life Outcomes · doi:10.1186/s12955-020-01298-z · Cited by 8
“For example, the Broaden-and-Build Theory by Barbara Friedrickson [98] argued that positive emotions facilitate thinking, action and decision-making.”
BackgroundPark, G., Witvliet, C. V., Barraza, J. A., & Marsh, B. U. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.590132 · Cited by 8
“Like other positive emotions, gratitude broadens the scope of one’s cognition and behaviors, which allows for developing psychological and social resources (Fredrickson, 2013).”
BackgroundAkeman, E., White, E. J., Wolitzky-Taylor, K. B., Santiago, J., McDermott, T. J., DeVille, D. C., Stewart, J. L., Paulus, M. P., Taylor, C. T., & Aupperle, R. L. (2021) · Behavior Modification · doi:10.1177/01454455211030506 · Cited by 9
“This system facilitates acquisition of psychosocial resources promoting resilience to stress and overall health and well-being (Fredrickson, 2013; Lyubomirsky et al., 2005).”
BackgroundIrvin, R. L., Klein, R. J., & Robinson, M. D. (2021) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2021.104272 · Cited by 10
Does looking forward set you back? Development and validation of the work prospection scale
Rutten, R. L. J., Hulsheger, U. R., & Zijlstra, F. (2022) · European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1080/1359432x.2022.2080058 · Cited by 9
“…emotions lead to a range of cognitive outcomes, including flexible, creative, and inclusive thought patterns (i.e., “broaden”), and that people who experience positive emotions tend to be more resilient, resourceful, and socially connected (i.e., “build”; for an overview, see Fredrickson, 2013).”
BackgroundSikka, P., Engelbrektsson, H., Zhang, J., & Gross, J. J. (2022) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2022.981289 · Cited by 14
“For discrete affect, the modified Differential Emotions Scale (mDES; Fredrickson, 2013) was used.”
MethodNavigating team resilience: A video observation of an elite yacht racing crew
King, E., Branicki, L. J., Norbury, K., & Badham, R. J. (2023) · Applied Psychology · doi:10.1111/apps.12474 · Cited by 8
Negative and Positive Emotional Reactivity in Women With and Without a History of Self-Injury
Mettler, J., Cho, S., Stern, M., & Heath, N. L. (2023) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.1177/00332941231180118 · Cited by 10
“It also suggests that positive emotions can contribute to an upward spiral of lifestyle changes whereby positive emotions help contribute to sustained well-being and engagement in wellness behaviours (e.g., Fredrickson, 2013).”
Laakso, M., Fagerlund, Å., Westerlund-Cook, S., & Eriksson, J. G. (2023) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-023-02618-9 · Cited by 12
Uribe, F. A. R., Favacho, M. F. M., Moura, P. M. N., Cortés‐Patiño, D. M., & Pedroso, J. D. S. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1200960 · Cited by 9
“In the introductory session, information on the advantages of cultivating positive emotions and positive thinking will be presented (MacLeod and Moore, 2000; Kok and Fredrickson, 2013).”
BackgroundBhargava, S., Sharma, R., & Kulshreshtha, M. (2023) · Management Research Review · doi:10.1108/mrr-05-2022-0363 · Cited by 12
Węziak‐Białowolska, D., Cowden, R. G., Cook, K. V., Białowolski, P., Bechara, A. O., Chen, Z. J., Kurniati, N. M. T., Suwartono, C., McNeely, E., & VanderWeele, T. J. (2023) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.3027 · Cited by 8
Appreciative Inquiry: An Integrative Review of Studies in Three Disciplines
Cho, H., & Ardichvili, A. A. (2024) · Human Resource Development Review · doi:10.1177/15344843241256156 · Cited by 20
“According to positive psychologist Frederickson (2001, 2013), positive emotions can enhance human fl ourishing, facilitate resilience in overcoming challenges, foster meaningful relationships, and drive sustained behavioral changes.”
Zhang, Y., & Xu, J. (2024) · International Journal of Listening · doi:10.1080/10904018.2024.2386290 · Cited by 8
“This observation lends credence to the notion that positive affective factors, such as self-efficacy, can amplify an individual’s awareness across perceptual, semantic, social, and physical dimensions (Fredrickson, 2013).”
Ng, S. H. (2016) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-016-9782-5 · Cited by 12
Exploring a group of South African psychologists’ well-being: competencies and contests
Hitge, E., & Schalkwyk, I. V. (2017) · South African Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1177/0081246317722931 · Cited by 13
Sools, A. M., Triliva, S., Fragkiadaki, E., Tzanakis, M., & Gkinopoulos, T. (2018) · Political Psychology · doi:10.1111/pops.12474 · Cited by 8
Emotions of Excellence: Communal and Agentic Functions of Pride, Moral Elevation, and Admiration
Williams, L. A. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-77619-4_12 · Cited by 9
Fish are smart and feel pain: What about joy?
Franks, B., Sebo, J., & Horowitz, A. (2018) · Animal Sentience · doi:10.51291/2377-7478.1368 · Cited by 9
May, C. J., Ostafin, B. D., & Snippe, E. (2019) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760.2019.1610480 · Cited by 8
“Participants were asked how much they felt from 0 (not at all) – 100 (extremely) on several sets of emotions from the modified Differential Emotions Scale (Fredrickson, 2013; Fredrickson, Tugade, Waugh, & Larkin, 2003) that sampled the affect circumplex (Feldman Barrett & Russell, 1998).”
BackgroundFisher, Z. F., Chow, S., Molenaar, P. C. M., Fredrickson, B. L., Pipiras, V., & Gates, K. M. (2020) · Multivariate Behavioral Research · doi:10.1080/00273171.2020.1815513 · Cited by 8
“Each evening participants recorded their experience of daily emotions using the modified Differential Emotions Scale (mDES) (Fredrickson, 2013).”
MethodSelf-citationMixed feelings: How shared and unshared affect impact team creative success
Emich, K. J., & Lu, L. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819993-0.00008-4 · Cited by 8
Cuadrado, I., López‐Rodríguez, L., Brambilla, M., & Ordóñez-Carrasco, J. L. (2021) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.1177/00332941211058149 · Cited by 8
“Given that behaviors elicited by positive emotions have beneficial effects in the long term (as opposed to those elicited by negative emotions, whose effects are immediate; Fredrickson, 2013), the greater willingness to actively help professional women than sexy women in the workplace would also have effects that bene…”
BackgroundTan, K., Fredrickson, B. L., Junior, H. P. D. O. S., Wood, W. A., Schwartz, T. A., & Mayer, D. K. (2022) · Journal of Psychosocial Oncology · doi:10.1080/07347332.2022.2107467 · Cited by 8
Self-citationMoskowitz, J. T., Jackson, K., Freedman, M. E., Grote, V. E., Kwok, I., Schuette, S., Cheung, E. O., & Addington, E. L. (2022) · Affective Science · doi:10.1007/s42761-022-00140-7 · Cited by 10
“Positive and negative emotion were measured in the daily diaries and in the assessments using the Differential Emotions Scale (DES) as modified by Fredrickson (2013), which lists nine positive emotions (amused awe, content, happy, grateful, hopeful, interested, love, and pride) and eight negative…”
Method
Metadata
- Authors
- Fredrickson, B. L.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Corresponding author
- Fredrickson, Barbara L.
- Venue
- Advances in Experimental Social Psychology
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Published
- 2013
- Pages
- 1-53
- ISSN
- 0065-2601 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W186242951
- Semantic Scholar
- 7fd5b875db8f035e4876d760a2ee425a445f946f
- Cited by
- 1,907
- References
- 170
- Citations by year
- 2026: 138 · 2025: 212 · 2024: 244 · 2023: 237 · 2022: 209 · 2021: 208 · 2020: 149 · 2019: 150 · 2018: 106 · 2017: 99 · 2016: 62 · 2015: 50 · 2014: 29 · 2013: 11
- FWCI
- 190.97
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Advances in experimental social psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Optimism, Hope, and Well-being
- Keywords
- broaden-and-build theory, positive emotions, physiological measures of emotion, biological resources, clinical application, organizational applications, love, positivity resonance
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