Prevention of depressive symptoms in adolescents: A randomized trial of cognitive-behavioral and interpersonal prevention programs.
Abstract
This study evaluated the efficacy of 2 programs for preventing depressive symptoms in adolescents. Participants were 380 high school students randomly assigned to a cognitive-behavioral program (CB), an interpersonal psychotherapy-adolescent skills training program (IPT-AST), or a no-intervention control. The interventions involved eight 90-min weekly sessions run in small groups during wellness classes. At postintervention, students in both the CB and IPT-AST groups reported significantly lower levels of depressive symptoms than did those in the no-intervention group, controlling for baseline depression scores; the 2 intervention groups did not differ significantly from each other. The effect sizes, using Cohen's d, for the CB intervention and the IPT-AST intervention were 0.37 and 0.26, respectively. Differences between control and intervention groups were largest for adolescents with high levels of depressive symptoms at baseline. For a high-risk subgroup, defined as having scored in the top 25th percentile on the baseline depression measure, the effect sizes for the CB and the IPT-AST interventions were 0.89 and 0.84, respectively. For the whole sample, sociotropy and achievement orientation moderated the effect of the interventions. Intervention effects were short term and were not maintained at 6-month follow-up.
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The magnitude of the decrease in depression scores is notable, with individuals moving from the moderate range into the mild range, and a within-group effect size comparable to other adolescent depression prevention trials.
“The magnitude of the decrease in depression scores is notable, with individuals moving from the moderate range into the mild range, and a within-group effect size that is comparable to other adolescent depression prevention trials.47”
From Pilot evaluation of the Sleep Ninja: A smartphone application for adolescent insomnia symptoms (2019) · cites this paper as [47]
Reported means in some trials, even those reporting statistical significance, suggest no clear advantage for the early intervention condition.
“Reported means in some trials, even those that reported statistical significance, suggest no clear advantage for the early intervention condition (e.g. Horowitz, Garber, Ciesla, Young, & Mufson, 2007; Merry, McDowell, Wild, Bir, & Cunliffe, 2004; Quayle, Dziurawiec, Roberts, Kane, & Ebsworthy, 2001).”
From A randomized controlled trial of strong minds: A school-based mental health program combining acceptance and commitment therapy and positive psychology (2016) · cites this paper as Horowitz et al., 2007
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“The magnitude of the decrease in depression scores is notable, with individuals moving from the moderate range into the mild range, and a within-group effect size that is comparable to other adolescent depression prevention trials.(47) These findings provide proofof-principle evidence that the Sleep Ninja app may be u…”
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- Authors
- Horowitz, J. L., Garber, J., Ciesla, J. A., Young, J. F., & Mufson, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Minnesota (US)
- Vanderbilt University (US)
- New York State Psychiatric Institute (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
- Published
- 2007
- Volume
- 75
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 693-706
- ISSN
- 0022-006X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2117
- OpenAlex
- W2019909110
- Cited by
- 236
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 17.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- William T. Grant Foundation (961730)
- Vanderbilt University
- American Psychological Association
- Independent Research Scientist Award (K02 MH66249)
- National Institute of Mental Health (T32-MH18921, K23 MH071320)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Keywords
- adolescent depression, cognitive-behavioral intervention, interpersonal psychotherapy, high school students, sociotropy, achievement orientation, high-risk adolescents
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Internal-External Control, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Personality Inventory, Psychotherapy, Brief, Psychotherapy, Group, Social Behavior, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
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