Cited by 268Medication Adherence and ComplianceLipoproteins and Cardiovascular HealthSex and Gender in Healthcare

Gender and racial disparities in adherence to statin therapy: A meta-analysis

Lewey, Jennifer, Shrank, William H., Bowry, Ashna D.K., Kilabuk, Elaine, Brennan, Troyen A., Choudhry, Niteesh K.·2013·American Heart Journal

Abstract

Background Significant disparities exist in cardiovascular outcomes based on race/ethnicity and gender. Rates of evidence-based medication use and long-term medication adherence also appear to be lower in racial subgroups and women but have been subject to little attention. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of race/ethnicity and gender on adherence to statin therapy for primary or secondary prevention. Methods and results Studies were identified through a systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (through April 1, 2010) and manual examination of references in selected articles. Studies reporting on adherence to statins by men and women or patients of white and nonwhite race were included. Information on study design, adherence measurement, duration, geographic location, sample size, and patient demographics was extracted using a standardized protocol. From 3,022 potentially relevant publications, 53 studies were included. Compared with men, women had a 10% greater odds of nonadherence (odds ratio 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-1.13). Nonwhite race patients had a 53% greater odds of nonadherence than white race patients (odds ratio 1.53, 95% CI 1.25-1.87). There was significant heterogeneity in the pooled estimate for gender (I(2) 0.95, P value for heterogeneity <.001) and race (I(2) 0.98, P value for heterogeneity <.001). The overall results remained unchanged in those subgroups that had significantly less heterogeneity. Conclusions Among patients prescribed statins, women and nonwhite patients are at increased risk for nonadherence. Further research is needed to identify interventions best suited to improve adherence in these populations.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.ahj.2013.02.011

Cites

97 of 97 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

1 of the 98 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Lewey, J., Shrank, W. H., Bowry, A. D. K., Kilabuk, E., Brennan, T. A., & Choudhry, N. K.
Affiliations
  • Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
  • St. Michael's Hospital (CA)
  • CVS Health (United States) (US)
Corresponding author
Choudhry, Niteesh K.
Venue
American Heart Journal
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2013-05
Volume
165
Issue
5
Pages
665-678.e1
ISSN
0002-8703 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2100554124
Cited by
267
References
98
Citations by year
2026: 14 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 3
FWCI
2.82
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • American Heart Journal (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Family Practice › Medication Adherence and Compliance
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Sex and Gender in Healthcare
Keywords
statin therapy, medication adherence, non-compliance, gender disparities, racial disparities, ethnic minorities, women, cardiovascular disease prevention, secondary prevention, health disparities
MeSH terms
Cardiovascular Diseases, Humans, Morbidity, Sex Factors, Global Health, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Racial Groups, Medication Adherence

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review